Test 9th May Revision

Question 1

How are metal oxides formed?

Answer 1

Formed by a metal and oxygen reacting together.

Question 2

What is an oxidation?

Answer 2

Oxidation is the gain of oxygen by a substance. For example, magnesium is oxidised when it reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide

Question 3

What is reduction?

Answer 3

Reduction is the loss of oxygen from a substance. For example, copper oxide can be reduced to form copper if it is reacted with hydrogen:

Question 4

What is the order of reactivity in metals?

Answer 4

Private Second-class MacZitl he can make some gun powder - take out carbon and hydrogen if not required

Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead
Helium
Copper
Mercury
Silver
Gold
Platinum

Question 5

What is a displacement reaction?

Answer 5

Displacement reaction is a chemical reaction in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its compound.

Question 6

How do metals react with water?

Answer 6

they form a metal hydroxide (forming an alkaline solution) and hydrogen gas.

Question 7

What are native metals?

Answer 7

metal that is found in its metallic form, either pure or as an alloy, in nature.

Question 8

What are ores?

Answer 8

Ores are naturally occurring rocks that contain metal or metal compounds

Question 9

Why can’t some metals be extracted from their ores using reduction with carbon?

Answer 9

depends on their reactivity. For example, reactive metals such as aluminium are extracted by electrolysis, while a less-reactive metal such as iron may be extracted by reduction with carbon or carbon monoxide.

Question 10

What is oxidation in terms of electrons? (HT)

Answer 10

Oxidation is the loss of electrons by a substance during a chemical reaction. OILRIG

Question 11

What is reduction in terms of electrons? (HT)

Answer 11

Reduction is the gaining of electrons.

Question 12

What is OILRIG? (HT)

Answer 12

Oxidation is the loss of electrons, Reduction is the gaining of electrons.

Question 13

How can I write an ionic equation for a displacement reaction?

Answer 13

iron + copper(II) sulfate —> iron sulfate + copper.

Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) —-> FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)

Question 14

How is a half equation constructed to show OILRIG?

Answer 14

A half-equation shows you what happens at one of the electrodes during electrolysis. Electrons are shown as e–.

anode: 2Cl– – 2e– → Cl2 (oxidation)
cathode: 2H+ + 2e– → H2 (reduction).

Question 15

Why are reactions between acids and metals classed as redox reactions?

Answer 15

Redox (short for reduction–oxidation reaction) is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of atoms are changed.

Question 16

How do magnesium, zinc and iron react with hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid?

Answer 16

METAL + ACID → SALT + HYDROGEN

MG + HCL → magnesium chloride + hydrogen

Question 17

What is the general word equation when an acid reacts with a base?

Answer 17

metal oxide + acid → a salt + water

Question 18

What is the general word equation when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate?

Answer 18

acid + metal carbonate → a salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 19

What type of salt is produced when an alkali or base reacts with hydrochloric acid?

Answer 19

Chloride

Question 20

What type of salt is produced when an alkali or base reacts with sulfuric acid?

Answer 20

Sulphate

Question 21

What type of salt is produced when an alkali or base reacts with nitric acid?

Answer 21

Nitrate

Question 22

What are the state symbols and what do they mean?

Answer 22

(s) - Solid
(l) - Liquid
(g) - Gas
(aq) - Aqueous ( dissolved in water)

Question 23

What is PH?

Answer 23

a figure expressing the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a logarithmic scale

Question 24

What can we use to measure ph?

Answer 24

Litmus Paper
Universal Indicator
PH Probe

Question 25

What is neutralisation?

Answer 25

A reaction in which acidity or alkalinity is removed is called neutralisation.

Question 26

What ions do acidic solutions contain?

Answer 26

contains hydrogen ions H+(aq).

Question 27

What ions do alkali solutions contain?

Answer 27

contains hydroxide ions OH-(aq).

Question 28

What is neutralisation in terms of ions? How can neutralisation reaction be represented as an equation?

Answer 28

neutralisation is the reaction between hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions, which produces water molecules. So its +Water at the end.

Question 29

How can neutralisation reaction be represented as an equation?

Answer 29

H+ + OH− → H2O

Question 30

How do I carry out a titration reaction? (Steps)

Answer 30

NEED TO DO & MORE QUESTIONS SUCH AS MOLES

Question 31

How do I complete calculations using titrations?

Answer 31

Step 1: Convert volumes to dm3 Step 2: Determine the number of moles of salt Step 3: Work out the number of moles of acid using the balanced equation Step 4: Calculate the concentration of the acid

Question 32

What is a strong acid and what are some examples?

Answer 32

An acid that breaks down completely and gives off many ions, or protons, is considered to be a strong acid. For example, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid

Question 33

What is a weak acid and what are some examples?

Answer 33

Weak acids do not completely dissociate into their ions in water. For example, nitrous acid,sulfurous acid.

Question 34

What do the terms dilute and concentrated mean in terms of an amount of substance?

Answer 34

Dilute: Has a small amount of solute in the solvent. Concentrated: Has a large amount of solute in the solvent

Question 35

What do weak and strong mean in terms of acids?

Answer 35

Strong acids are fully ionised but weak acids are only partly ionised in solution.