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1
Q

Publisher of the book, Finger Prints and first to classify loop, whorl, and arch?

Calvin Goddard
Francis Galton
Edmond Locard
ALphonse Bertillon

A

Francis Galton

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2
Q

Evidence that Implicates the accused?

Inculpatory
Exculpatory
Direct
Circumstantial

A

Inculpatory

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3
Q

Feature of an item that is unique to a group of items or information in an non-individual context about some aspect physical evidence is

Associative evidence
reconstructive evidence
Class Characteristics
Individual Characteristics

A

Class Characteristics

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4
Q

Term used to describe the overall crime scene?

Primary
Secondary
Macroscopic
Microscopic

A

Macroscopic

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5
Q

Crime scene description based on location of the original criminal activity?

Primary
Secondary
Macroscopic
Microscopic

A

Primary

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6
Q

The step in Crime Scene Reconstruction where additional accumulation of data is based on examination of the physical evidence and the continuing investigation is

Conjecture
Hypothesis Formulation
Testing
Theory Formulation

A

Hypothesis Formulation

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7
Q

The step in Crime Scene Reconstruction when the hypothesis has been thoroughly tested and verified by analysis, this may occur

Conjecture
Hypothesis Formulation
Testing
Theory Formulation

A

Theory Formulation

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8
Q

Fluid portion of blood that contains red and white blood cells

Serum
Platelets
Leukocytes
Plasma

A

Plasma

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9
Q

Major cocmponents of the clotting mechanism of blood

Serum
Platelets
Leukocytes
Plasma

A

Platelets

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10
Q

Exsanguination

Death due to lack of oxygen

Process of blood loss sufficient to cause death

Twitching of body parts postmortem

Death due to excessive brain bleed

A

Blood loss sufficient to cause death

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11
Q

Weight of a substance relative to the weight of an equal volume of water

Terminal Velocity
Specific Gravity
Viscosity
Surface Tension

A

Specific Gravity

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12
Q

Four phases of a blood drop impacting a surface in order

A

Collapse
Displacement
Dispersion
Retraction

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13
Q

Characteristics for each blood pattern?

A

Size, shape, distribution, appearance, and location

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14
Q

When determining angle of impact choose stains that are what?

A

Less than 60 degrees

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15
Q

How is Cause of Death defined?
• A biochemical or physiologic abnormality produced by the cause of death that is incompatible with life
• The physical clarification for the events that produced death.
• The fashion in which the cause of death came to be.
• The disease or injury that initiates the lethal chain of events that lead to death

A

Disease or injury that initiates the lethal chain of events that lead to death

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16
Q

How is the Mechanism of Death defined?
• A biochemical or physiologic abnormality produced by the cause of death that is incompatible with life
• The disease or injury that initiated the lethal change of events.
• The fashion in which the cause of death came to be.
• The physical clarification for the events that produced death.

A

The fashion in which the cause of death came to be

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17
Q

How is the Manner of Death Defined?
• The disease or injury that initiated the lethal change of events.
• The fashion in which the cause of death came to be.
• The physiological abnormality produced by the cause of death.
• The physical clarification for the events that produced death.

A

The physical clarification for the events that produced death

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18
Q 
What is the discoloration of a body that occurs from the settling of red blood cells after blood stops circulating?
•	 Rigor mortis
•	 Hema mortis
•	 Livor mortis
•	 Algor mortis
A

Livor mortis

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19
Q 
What is the cooling off of the body that occurs after death called?
•	 Rigor mortis
•	 Malaise mortis
•	 Liver mortis
•	 Algor mortis
A

Algor Mortis

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20
Q 
Stippling or tattooing is consistent with
•	 contact gunshot wounds
•	 intermediate – range gunshot wounds
•	 distant gunshot wounds
•	 exit wounds
A

Contact gunshot wounds

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21
Q 
The nuclei of what cells are the source of DNA in blood?
•	 Red blood cells
•	 Plasma
•	 White blood cells
•	 Serum
A

White blood cells

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22
Q 
What is it called when a person has the same number of copies at both loci?
•	 Homozygous
•	 Heterozygosity
•	 Polymorphism
•	 Monomorphism
A

Homozygous

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23
Q 
What is it called when a person has a different number of copies at both loci?
•	 Homozygous
•	 Heterozygosity
•	 Polymorphism
•	 Monomorphism
A

Heterozygosity

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24
Q 
What type of testing can unambiguously determine what a male has contributed to a mixed sample?
•	 X-STR typing
•	 XY-STR typing
•	 Y-STR typing
•	 Male typing
A

Y-STR typing

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25
Q

A variation of the fingerprint classification system used in the United States
and the United Kingdom was first developed by
• Sir William Herschel
• Henry Faulds
• Juan Vucetich
• Sir Edward Henry

A

Henry Faulds

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26
Q 
The type of fingerprint pattern that has at least two deltas is a
•	 Loop
•	 Whorl
•	 Plain arch
•	 Tented arch
A

Whorl

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27
Q 
Which of the following is not a type of print that could be encountered at a
crime scene?
•	 Latent
•	 Cogent
•	 Plastic
•	 Patent
A

Cogent

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28
Q 
The type of sweat gland found on the surface of the fingers, hands and feet are
•	 Eccrine
•	 Apocrine
•	 Sebaceous
•	 Merocrine
A

Eccrine

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29
Q 
The most significant contributing factor resulting in an increase or decrease in the kinetic energy of a bullet is:
•	 Bullet mass
•	 Bullet Velocity
•	 Barrel length
•	 Barrel rifling
A

Bullet Velocity

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30
Q 
The trigonometric equation for calculating angle of impact is:
•	 arc sin(width÷length)
•	 arc tan(width÷length)
•	 arc sin(length÷width)
•	 arc tan(length÷width)
A

arc sin (width/length)

31
Q 
Stress marks shaped like arches that are perpendicular to one glass surface and nearly parallel to the opposite surface is known as
•	 Concentric Cracks
•	 Radial Cracks
•	 Conchoidal Lines
•	 Hackle Mark
A

Concentric Cracks

32
Q 
A line on the crack surface running parallel to the local direction of crack
spreading is known as a
•	 Concentric Crack
•	 Radial Crack
•	 Conchoidal Line
•	 Hackle Mark
A

Radial

33
Q 
Depth of field extends \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the front and \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the rear of the point of
focus.
•	 ¼ to the front and -¾ to the rear
•	 ⅓ to the front and -⅔ to the rear
•	 ½ to the front and -½ to the rear
•	 1 to the front and -1 to the rear
A

1/2 to the front and -2/3 to the rear

34
Q 
Which ISO value is the most sensitive to light?
•	 ISO 100
•	 ISO 400
•	 ISO 800
•	 ISO 1600
A

ISO 1600

35
Q

An aperture of f/8 allows twice as much light as f/16 to enter the camera.
• True
• False

A

True

36
Q 
Which value is one stop less light than provided by an aperture f/8?
•	 f/2.0
•	 f/4.0
•	 f/11
•	 f/16
A

F/11

37
Q 
Which value allows three more stops of light into the camera than provided by an ISO 100 setting?
•	 ISO 400
•	 ISO 800
•	 ISO 1200
•	 ISO 1600
A

ISO 800

38
Q 
Which shutter speed is five stops slower than 1/60th of a second?
•	 ½ of a second
•	 1/20th of a second
•	 1/300th of a second
•	 1/600 of a second
A

1/2 of a second

39
Q 
A camera’s light meter attempts to find a/an \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ gray value as a light
balanced exposure?
•	 18%
•	 25%
•	 33%
•	 50%
A

18%

40
Q 
Which aperture allows the most light into the camera?
•	 f/1.8
•	 f/5.6
•	 f/16
•	 f/32
A

f/1.8

41
Q 
Who developed the first SLR camera?
•	 Carl Zeiss
•	 Matthew Brady
•	 Karl Nuechterlein
•	 Ansel Adams
A

Karl Neuchterlein

42
Q 
Which lens attachment can provide a magnified image of a subject?
•	 Extension tubes
•	 Bellows unit
•	 Diopters
•	 All of the above
A

All of the above

43
Q 
Which lens attachment can provide a magnified image of a subject?
•	 Extension tubes
•	 Bellows unit
•	 Diopters
•	 All of the above
A

All of the above

44
Q 
What is the biggest issue with large apertures?
•	 Failure of reciprocity.
•	 Timed exposures are required.
•	 A reduction in depth of field.
•	 The requirement of flash photography.
A

A reduction in depth of field

45
Q 
What would be the best shutter speed for taking photographs in fluorescent light?
•	 1/30 of a second
•	 1/90 of a second
•	 1/250 of a second
•	 Fastest flash-sync speed
A

1/30 of a second

46
Q 
What does the Kelvin scale measure?
•	 Ambient temperature
•	 Color temperature of light
•	 Aperture size
•	 Total exposure value
A

Color temperature of light

47
Q 
What is a main benefit of Flash Photography?
•	 The light is white balanced.
•	 The ease of operation in Manual mode.
•	 Utilizing reciprocity.
•	 Reflective metering.
A

The light is white balanced

48
Q 
What type of flash would you use to photograph an item that requires a close-up focus?
•	 TTL flash
•	 Built in flash
•	 Ring flash
•	 Fill flash
A

Ring flash

49
Q 
The method of roadmapping bloodstain pattern documentation was created by
•	 Toby Wolson
•	 Tom Bevel
•	 Paul Kirk
•	 Christine Ramirez
A

Toby Wolson

50
Q

An essential component of bloodstain quadrant mapping is to assure that
• it is the first step after photography
• each quadrant is a two foot square
• each quadrant has 90 degree corners
• matching quadrants are created on all surfaces

A

Each quadrant has 90 degree corners

51
Q 
What color lens would increase the contrast of blood on blue jeans by making the blood appear darker in the image?
•	 Yellow
•	 Green
•	 Red
•	 Blue
A

Blue

52
Q 
What type of lighting is an effective way to photograph the head stamp on a cartridge case?
•	 Infrared
•	 Oblique
•	 Ultraviolet
•	 Reflective
A

Oblique

53
Q 
What type of filters may be used for laser trajectory photography during daytime conditions?
•	 Orange barrier filter
•	 ND filters
•	 Infrared Filters
•	 UV filters
A

ND Filters

54
Q 
What is the nanometer range of UV light in the electromagnetic light spectrum?
•	 Greater than 700nm
•	 Greater than 1000nm
•	 Between 400nm and 700nm
•	 Less than 400 nm
A

Less than 400 nm

55
Q 
What is the nanometer range of IR light in the electromagnetic light spectrum?
•	 Greater than 700nm
•	 Greater than 1000nm
•	 Between 400nm and 700nm
•	 Less than 400 nm
A

Greater than 700nm

56
Q 
What is the nanometer range that visible light is found in the electromagnetic light spectrum?
•	 Greater than 700nm
•	 Greater than 1000nm
•	 Between 400nm and 700nm
•	 Less than 400 nm
A

Between 400nm and 700nm

57
Q 
At what wavelength would you find blue light?
•	 390nm
•	 470nm
•	 532nm
•	 670nm
A

470nm

58
Q 
What color barrier filter would you typically choose for UV lighting?
•	 Yellow
•	 Orange
•	 Red
•	 Green
A

Yellow

59
Q 
What color barrier filter would you typically choose for blue lighting?
•	 Yellow
•	 Orange
•	 Red
•	 Green
A

Orange

60
Q 
What type of light is best for viewing obliterated writing on checks?
•	 UV light.
•	 IR light.
•	 Incandescent light.
•	 Green light.
A

IR Light

61
Q 
What is a major cause of a hot spot developing in the center of an image with reflected IR photography?
•	 A shift in focus.
•	 Large aperture.
•	 Wide-angle lenses.
•	 Slow shutter speed.
A

Large aperture

62
Q 
Which of the following is NOT one of the three primary glands that produce sweat?
•	 Eccrine glands
•	 Apocrine glands
•	 Serine glands
•	 Sebaceous glands
A

Serine glands

63
Q 
Ninhydrin reacts with
•	 Salts
•	 Lipids
•	 Amino acids
•	 Oil
A

Amino acids

64
Q 
Ruhemann’s purple is associated with the reaction of
•	 1,8-diazafluoren-9-one (DFO)
•	 Ninhydrin
•	 1,2-indanedione
•	 5-methylthioninhydrin
A

Ninhydrin

65
Q 
Ninhydrin decomposes at
•	 125 degrees
•	 135 degrees
•	 212 degrees
•	 241 degrees
A

241 degrees

66
Q

8-diazafluoren-9-one (DFO) reacts with
• Salts
• Lipids
• Amino acids

A

Amino acids

67
Q 
,2-Indanedione may be observed with the proper filter at
•	 395nm
•	 450nm
•	 520nm
•	 610nm
A

520nm

68
Q

2-Indanedione can enhance Ninhydrin developed prints?
• True
• False

A

True

69
Q 
The latent fingerprint process that was developed in the
United Kingdom utilizing Silver is
•	 Ninhydrin
•	 Indanedione
•	 Vacuum Metal Deposition
•	 Cyanoacrylate Fuming
A

Vacuum metal deposition

70
Q 
A clear lens that is used to increase the magnification of a
standard lens is known as
•	 Curved field lens
•	 Close-up lens
•	 Reversing ring adaptor
•	 Flexible bellows unit
A

Flexible bellows unit

71
Q

A macro lens is classified as a flat field
lens.
• True
• False

A

True

72
Q 
What allows the lens to be turned so that the rear element
of the lens faces toward the subject?
•	 Curved field lens
•	 Close-up lens
•	 Reversing ring adaptor
•	 Flexible bellows unit
A

Reversing ring adaptor

73
Q 
If a color is to be darkened with photography, it is best to
use a filter that is
•	 The opposite color
•	 The same color
•	 Violet
•	 Yellow
A

The opposite color

74
Q

Using a gel lift to recover a latent print will create a
print that will be
• In the proper orientation
• In a reverse position
• In a reverse position and an inverted color
• An inverted color

A

In a reverse position

BPA (2 decks)

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