Test 8, Chapter 8

Question 1

The basic cause of all weather is the

Answer 1

sun

Question 2

Scientists who study the weather are called

Answer 2

meteorologists

Question 3

The imaginary line running through the earth from North Pole to South Pole is the

Answer 3

axis

Question 4

The air that we live in receives most of its warmth from the

Answer 4

ground

Question 5

Different seasons are caused by the ___ of the earth’s axis.

Answer 5

tilt

Question 6

Winds are produced by ____ differences on the earth.

Answer 6

temperature

Question 7

Warm air is ____ than cool air.

Answer 7

lighter

Question 8

The earth’s surface spins at over ____ miles per hour.

Answer 8

1,000

Question 9

You will label the following on a diagram of the earth & mark the 2 areas that have the most changeable weather.

Answer 9

polar easterlies 
prevailing westerlies *
northeast trade winds
southeast trade winds
prevailing westerlies *
polar easterlies

Question 10

The amount of water vapor that the air can hold at a given temperature is the ____ of the air.

Answer 10

relative humidity

Question 11

The lowest possible temperature at which air is able to hold all of its water vapor is its

Answer 11

dew point

Question 12

the process in which water vapor leaves the air and changes into liquid water is called

Answer 12

condensation

Question 13

Air is saturated when the humidity of the air is ___ percent.

Answer 13

100

Question 14

Water vapor that condenses to form liquid water on the ground is called

Answer 14

dew

Question 15

water vapor that condenses and forms frozen water on the ground is called

Answer 15

frost

Question 16

An ice crystal in a cloud becomes too heavy, falls, melts, and lands on the earth as liquid water.

Answer 16

rain

Question 17

falling ice crystals melt slightly, stick, and freeze together into snowflakes

Answer 17

wet snow

Question 18

falling ice crystals melt into raindrops, then refreeze and land on earth as tiny pieces of ice.

Answer 18

sleet

Question 19

falling ice crystals melt, hit the earth as liquid rain, but refreeze as soon as they land

Answer 19

freezing rain

Question 20

a small piece of ice is tossed up and down inside a cloud, forming several layers of ice, until it is too heavy and falls to earth.

Answer 20

hail

Question 21

puffy, bulgy clouds belong the the ___ family

Answer 21

cumulus

Question 22

layers of flat clouds belong to the ___ family

Answer 22

stratus

Question 23

wispy, curly clouds very high in the atmosphere belong to the ___ family

Answer 23

cirrus

Question 24

sheets of clouds that often produce rain are___ clouds

Answer 24

stratus

Question 25

clouds made of very small ice crystals are ___ clouds

Answer 25

cirrus

Question 26

"thunderhead" is another name for a ___ cloud

Answer 26

cumulonimbus

Question 27

a term used to describe a cloud from which rain is falling is

Answer 27

nimbus

Question 28

the broad, flat top of a cumulonimbus cloud is called an ____ top.

Answer 28

anvil

Question 29

When opposite electrical charges build up in very tall clouds ___ is produced.

Answer 29

lightning

Question 30

The rapid expansion of superheated air causes shock waves that we hear as __

Answer 30

Thunder

Question 31

the type of storm that packs the most destructive power into the smallest space is the ____

Answer 31

tornado

Question 32

the calm region of very low air pressure in the center of a tornado is called the ___

Answer 32

eye

Question 33

If a tornado has been spotted, meteorologists issue a tornado ___

Answer 33

warning

Question 34

The thin channed of charged air through which a lightning bolt can travel is the ____

Answer 34

step leader

Question 35

Lightning bolts that do not come in contact with the ground but remain within the cloud are known as ____ lightning.

Answer 35

sheet

Question 36

The row of thunderheads that builds up in the front of advancing cold air is called a ___ line

Answer 36

squall

Question 37

The boundary between two air masses is called a

Answer 37

front

Question 38

List 7 precautions you should take during a thunderstorm.

Answer 38

1. stay indoors 2. a car is a safe place to be 3. if you are outside, avoid being the tallest object 4. stay away from high ground or open, flat areas 5. stay away from tall objects such as trees 6. avoid being in or near water 7. do not use the telephone or electrical appliances

Question 39

In Pensacola, FL, the temperature is 75 F and the relative humidity is 100%. In Albany, NY, the temperature is 40 F and the relative humidity is 100%. Is the amount of water vapor in the air over Pensacola and the air over Albany the same? Why or why not?

Answer 39

The air over Pensacola contains more water vapor than the air over Albany. The warmer the air is, the more water vapor it can hold. The relative humidity is the same in each city because the air is holding the most water vapor it can hold at that temperature.