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Integumentary System > Test > Flashcards

Test Flashcards

0
Q

What layers make up the skin?

A

Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

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1
Q

What does the integumentary system include?

A

Skin, appendages, glands

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2
Q

What are appendages?

A

Nails, hair, glands

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3
Q

What are the 3 types of glands?

A

Subaceous- oil
Sudiferous - sweat
Ceremenous - wax

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4
Q

The epidermis is what type of epithelium?

A

Squamous stratified keratinized epithelium

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5
Q

Squamous means?

A

Looks like fish cells

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6
Q

Keratinized means?

A

Make keratin- prevent water loss

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7
Q

What are strata?

A

Layers

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8
Q

What are the 5 strata from bottoms to top?

A

Basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum

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9
Q

What is the basale layer known for

A

Constantly reproducing….. 15%melanocytes….

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10
Q

War is the spinosum layer known for

A

Spiky…. Spina- spine

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11
Q

Granulosum is known for?

A

Granules of kerati

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12
Q

Lucidum is known for?

A

See thru

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13
Q

Corneum is known for?

A

Dried up keratinocytes… Kera- horn- protein… Cornu- horn, firm

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14
Q

True of false- the epidermis has great regeneration?

A

True

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15
Q

Melanocytes produce melanin which is a _ _ _

A

Sun protective factor….SPF

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16
Q

Epidermis contains

A

Melanin and beta carotene

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17
Q

Amount of melanin determines

A

Skin and hair color

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18
Q

Beta carotene is what color and has what purpose in the skin

A

Orangey and helps skin regenerate faster

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19
Q

If you have excess beta carotene it manifests as

A

Orange palms and soles

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20
Q

Jaundice is yellowing of what and is a dx of what

A

Skin and sclera… Liver

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21
Q

Pale skin is also called

A

Pallor

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22
Q

Name the cells in the epidermis

A

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Merkel Cells - sensory receptors
Langerhans cells - Wei qi- defensive immunity cells

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23
Q

What is the issue with people who have light skin and the sun?

A

Cancer from over exposure to UV

24
Q

Dark skin people have what issue with the sun

A

Vitamin d deficiency

25
Q

Keratin begins to die in what layer?

A

Granulosum

26
Q

How many layers are in the basale?

A

One layer

27
Q

What is the basale mostly made of?

A

Melanocytes

28
Q

Where are the youngest keratinocytes?

A

Basale

29
Q

How thick is the spinosum ?

A

Several layers

30
Q

The lucidum exists where?

A

Only on hands and feet

31
Q

We’re do langhana cells exist?

A

Stratum Spinosum

32
Q

The epidermis is vascular or avascular?

A

Avascular - has no blood vessels

33
Q

The dermis is avascular or vascular?

A

Vascular- bleeds due to network (plexus) of vessels

34
Q

What are the layers of the dermis?

A

Papillary and reticular

35
Q

What is the papillary layer known for?

A

Finger prints!

36
Q

What is the reticular layer known for?

A

Houses glands and hair follicles that open to skin surface

37
Q

Wht are tension lines?

A

Less dense regions btwn bundles of collagen

38
Q

Define fibrocyte

A

Main cell of dermis- produce strong stretchable fibers of collagen and elastin

39
Q

Define exteacellular material

A

Between fibrocytes that create frame of dermis…between cells and fibers is filled with ground substance- clear sticky jelly

40
Q

What are the functions of skin?

A
  1. Vitamin D production
  2. Prevent dehydration
  3. Thermoreulation
  4. Mechanical protection- keratin
  5. Protection against pathogen invasion
41
Q

How does the skin protect from outside pathogen invasion?

A

Sweating, acidity, langerhans cells

42
Q

Wy can’t we breathe through our skin?

A

We can’t transport o2 and co2 thru skin- only lungs can do this job. Skin breathes by opening and closing pores to thermoregulate

43
Q

What are sudiferous glands and what do they secrete?

A

Sweat- 99% water, w urea, lactic acid, as orbit acid, and sodium chloride

44
Q

What are sebaceous glands and what do they secrete

A

Skin oil that’s acidic bactericidal and prevents dehydration…. (Over production of oil- sebhorrhea)

45
Q

What is the central part of the hair shaft called?

A

Medulla

46
Q

Growth of hair is accelerated by what hormone

A

Androgens- male sex hormone

47
Q

Follicle means

A

Bag

48
Q

Hirsutism

A

Women with too much hair due to lots of androgen

49
Q

Red hair is created how

A

Accumulation of salts of iron (rust)

50
Q

Define Terminal hair

A

Thicker longer pigmented

51
Q

Lanugo

A

Soft, colorless, fuzzy hair

52
Q

Arrector pills

A

Hair raising muscles….when muscles contract, these tighten to prevent heat loss… They also generate hear by contracting to increase body temp (essential in thermoregulate)

53
Q

Lanula

A

Nails grow from here, if damaged, nail stops growing

54
Q

Skin cancer- basal cell carcinoma

A

Least malignant

55
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

if treated early, prognosis is okay

56
Q

Melanoma

A

Most aggressive and invasive cancer

57
Q

Wht is melanoma from?

A

Excess exposure to uv rays
Genetic predispo
Low immunity
Toxocity

58
Q

ABCDs of cancer?

A

A- assymetry
B- border irregularity
C- color change (dark)
D- diameter (increasing)

Integumentary System (1 decks)

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