Test 7 Flashcards
What is a comminuted fracture?
Fracture in which bone is broken into several places.
What is dislocation?
Disrupting or coming apart of a body part.
What is erythema?
Red ness or inflammation of the skin or mucous membranes.
What is gout?
A form of arthritis, is a purine metabolism that results from an elevated serum Aric acid level.
What is paralysis?
Loss of muscle function through injury, disease, or damage to its nerve supply.
Range of motion (Rom) meaning?
Extent of movement of a joint, measured in degrees of a circle.
What is a sprain?
The stretching or tearing of ligaments that causes pain and disability.
What is a strain?
Muscle or tendon injury resulting from violent contraction or excessive force.
What are the three types of muscles?
- Voluntary
2.Involuntary
3.Smooth
List a type of voluntary muscle.
Skeletal muscle
Involuntary muscle is aka?
Smooth muscle found in the GI system.
Where is cardiac muscle found?
Only in the heart.
How many cranial bones do we have?
28
How many small bones are in the wrist?
8
The hand consists of how many bones?
5 called metacarpals.
The finger consists of how many bones?
14 called phalanges.
Who can remove a cervical collar?
Medical officer
What is the humerus/upper arm?
The one between the shoulder and elbow.
What is the radius and ulna/upper arm?
These are the bones between the elbow and the hand.
The radius extends from the ________side of the forearm from to the the elbow to the ________ side of the wrist and runs parallel to the ________.
Lateral
Thumb
Ulna
The ulna extends from the__________ side of the forearm from the elbow to the smallest finger and runs parallel to the ____________.
Medial
Radius
The___________ process of the scapula is the highest portion of the shoulder
Acromion
What is the vertebral column?
Commonly referred to as the backbone or spine.
There are how many vertebrae?
33
What are the 5 main functions of the musculoskeletal system?
Provides support
Protects internal organs
Provides leverage and movement
Produce blood cells
Store minerals and lipids
True or false - visceral muscle is also called involuntary muscle?
True
What is the skeleton?
The bones of the body that form its framework
Function of the skull?
Encloses and protect the brain.
List 4 injuries specific to the spinal column.
Fractures with and without bone displacement
Dislocations
Muscular strains
Disk injury including compression
What are primary injuries?
Injuries that occur immediately and as a result of direct force.
What are secondary injuries?
They occur after the initial insult, but can cause the same or even more harm
The spine is most often injured by_________ that forces movement of the spine its normal range.
Energy
Page 33. Objective/illness/injury:
Physical assessment for spine and spinal cord injury
Mechanism alone does not identify injury
Assessment esp in times of high risk mechanism of injury should specifically look for the physical indicators of spinal injury
What is priapism?
A persistent erection caused by excessive blood flow into the penis as a result of trauma or injury to the pelvis or perineum.
Page 36. Shoulder dislocation objective data
Arm is held in slight abduction and external rotation
What is the most commonly fractured carpal bone?
Scaphoid
Three types of duration for low back pain
Acute <6weeks
Sub acute >6weeks
Chronic >3 months
Keep going Love😊
You’re almost there
Page 43. Subjective/signs and symptoms
Localized/nonspecific “mechanical” low back pain
What is a plan for shin splints / medial tibial stress syndrome?
Patients should maintain fitness with lowimpact activities such as swimming and cycling.
What is a plan for mid shaft femur fracture?
Application of a traction splint
True or false: Only a medical officer can remove a cervical collar
True
Protecting yourself
Keep the weight as close to you as possible
Reaching
Avoid reaching more than 20 inches in front of your body
What is emergency moves?
If the patient is in immediate danger, then you may have to move the patient before assessing
What are the three types of stretchers?
Strokes
Reeves
Millerboard
What is the most commonly used stretcher in the navy?
Strokes
What is the reeves stretcher?
It is designed for rapid immobilization of spinal and neck injuries in tight spaces
What is direct ground lift?
Used to lift a patient from the ground to the stretcher
The skin provides an ______,_______,______, protective covering for the body
Elastic
Rugged
Self-regenerating
What is a contusion?
Hemorrhage beneath unbroken skin
The epidermis is a tough, leathery outer surface of the skin ranging from ____ to ____mm
0.06 to 0.6
The epidermis has 5 layers. Which is only found in the palms the hands, fingertips and souls of feet?
Stratum Lucidum
What is sebum?
An oily substance that lubricates the skin and hair
The dermis is _____ mm thick.
4
Subcutaneous tissue is also called?
Hypodermis
What is a laceration?
A cut
What tissue is highly vascular,loose connective and stores fat?
Adipose tissue
True or false: the epidermis provides a physical and chemical barrier
True
List the three ways we classify burns
Agent and source
Depth
Severity
What three things do we need to remove sutures?
Staple removal kit
Antiseptic swabs
Guaze
What is a furuncle (boil)?
A deep-seated infection of the hair and sebaceous gland
What is the most commonly used organism of a furuncle?
Staphylococcus
Assessment for a furnace
Apply moist warm compress
What is tinea?
A group of non candidates fungal infections that involve the statum corneum , nails or hair
Objective info for tinea
Microscopic examination of skin scraping with KOH solutions shows presence of hyphae
When the skin is red,hot tender and infuriated this is a sign of?
Cellulitis
What is an example of inpatient outpatient treatment for spinal trauma?
Assist in performing imagery
What to use for a femur fracture treatment?
Traction splint
What should you use for pre hospital wrist fracture treatment?
Sam splint
What is not an example of how to apply Sam splint?
Keep head in a neutral position
Longest and largest bone in forearm
Ulna
Superior bone containing iliac crest
Ilium
Inferior posterior portion of the pelvis
Ischium
Known as the shin bone
Tibia
Lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg. Common site for stress fractures
Fibula
Heel bone, common site for stress fractures caused by jumping sports
Calcaneus
Helps with balance, most common site for stress fractures caused by sprinting, running, jumping
Metatarsals
Turning palm downward
Pronation
Nerve root radiating below the knee
L4-S1
If a patient is lying down, use a?
Long spine board
What part of the bone stores energy reserve such as lipids?
Yellow marrow
True/false: another name for second degree burn is partial thickness
True
Moderate burns are classified for partial thickness percentage of?
15-30%
What is not an appendage of epidermis?
Bones
Where would rule of nines be documented in patient record?
Objective
Chemical burn to eyes should be flushed for?
20 minutes
What is a fungal infection of scalp?
Tinea capitis
Fungal infection that invades skin and survives off dead keratin
Tinea
Fungal infection of nails
Onychomycosis
What is not a key word for cellulitis?
Cool, pale skin
What is not a moi high risk for spinal injury?
Leg penetration
