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General Psychology > Test 6 > Flashcards

Test 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

Person’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

A

Personality

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2
Q

Views personality as an interaction between conscious and unconscious mind, stressing the important of motives and conflict

A

Psychodynamic Theory

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3
Q

The Psychodynamic Theory focuses on what?

A

The past, unconscious conflicts, and childhood experiences

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4
Q

Protective method of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality

A

Defense mechanisms

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5
Q

A Defense Mechanism does what?

A
  • Protect an individual from seeing unconscious conflicts and from others seeing the problems
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6
Q

Characteristics of a Defense Mechanism

A
  • Unconscious
  • Protects from painful emotion
  • Self-Deceptive
  • Used by everyone
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7
Q

Banishment of anxiety-provoking thoughts, feelings, and memories

A

Repression

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8
Q

Attributing to one’s own impulses to someone else

A

Projection

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9
Q

Unacceptable emotions are set apart from conscious awareness

A

Isolation

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10
Q

Justifying unacceptable behaviors (excuses)

A

Rationalization

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11
Q

Shifting an emotion to a more acceptable object or person

A

Displacement

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12
Q

Returning to an earlier stage of maturity

A

Regression

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13
Q

Carrying on as if no mistake occured

A

Undoing

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14
Q

Attempt to make up for deficiencies
- Often done with words

A

Compensation

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15
Q

Ignore the existence of painful realities

A

Denial

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16
Q

Modeling values and beliefs of another to the extreme/no self-identity

A

Identification

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17
Q

Personality test that provides ambiguous (not clear) stimuli to assess unconscious conflicts and inner feelings

A

Projective Test

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18
Q

Projective tests lack what?

A

Validity and Realibality

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19
Q

People express inner feelings through stories they make up about an ambiguous scene

A

Thematic Appreciation Test (TAT)

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20
Q

People explain what they see in a series of symmetrical ink blots

A

Rorschach Inkblot Test

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21
Q

The Inkblot test is what

A

Subjective and highly criticized due to lack of validity

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22
Q

Views personality with a focus on the potential for healthy personal growth

A

Humanistic Theory

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23
Q

We are motivated by hierarchy of needs

A

Abraham Maslow

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24
Q

If our physiological needs are met, we become concerned with what?

A

Safety needs

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25
Q

If we achieve a sense of security, we then seek what?

A

To love and to be loved

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26
Q

Once our love needs are satisfied, we seek what?

A

Self-Esteem

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27
Q

Having achieved self-esteem, we seek what?

A

Self-Actualization and Self-Transcendence

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28
Q

Self-Actualization is the process of what?

A

Fulfilling our potential

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29
Q

Self-Transcendence is what?

A

Meaning and purpose beyond self

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30
Q

Syndrome (group of symptoms) marked by clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotional regulation, or behavior, which are dysfunctional or maladaptive, interfering with day-to-day life

A

Psychological Disorders

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31
Q

What is apart of day-to-day life?

A

Work, School, and Personal Relationships

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32
Q

Tool used to classify and diagnose psychological disorders

A

DSM-5

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33
Q

Extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity

A

ADHD

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34
Q

What are the 2 types of ADHD?

A

Inattentive and Hyperactivity and Impulsivity

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35
Q

ADHD interferes with what?

A

Functioning and Development

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36
Q

Treatment for ADHD

A

Stimulant medication and CBT

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37
Q

Types of Stimulants for ADHD

A

Ritalin and Adderall

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38
Q

A continuous state of Tension and worry, apprehension and autonomic Nervous system arousal
- Can be learned

A

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

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39
Q

Unpredictable episodes of intense dread, and terror. Experiencing chest pain, shortness of breath, anxiety, and/or choking. Often followed by worry over having another attack

A

Panic Disorder

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40
Q

Persistent avoidance of social situations due to an intense fear of being negatively evaluated by others, leading to them being embarrassed

A

Social Anxiety Disorders

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41
Q

Persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation that poses little to no change

A

Phobias

42
Q

Unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions), actions (compulsions), or both

A

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

43
Q

Repetitive behaviors that someone with OCD feels the urge to do in response to an obsessive thought to decrease anxiety

A

Obsessive thoughts

44
Q

Person/Client centered perspective

A

Carl Rogers

45
Q

Individual personal growth is promoted by a climate with these three conditions

A
  • Genuiness
  • Acceptance
  • Empathy
46
Q

No facades, transparent, open, self-disclosing

A

Genuiness

47
Q

Unconditional positive regard

A

Acceptance

48
Q

Share and mirror other’s feelings and reflect their meaning

A

Empathy

49
Q

Personality is defined in terms of stable and enduring behavior

A

Trait Theory

50
Q

Defined personality in terms of traits identifiable behavioral patterns

A

Gordon Allport

51
Q

Characteristic pattern of behavior or disposition to feel and act, as assessed by others or self-report inventories

A

Traits

52
Q

Personality traits usually remain hidden when we are in a what?

A

Unfamiliar, formal situations

53
Q

Longer questionnaires covering a wide range of feelings and behaviors (high validity and realiability)

A

Personality Invetories

54
Q

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

A

MMPI

55
Q

The MMPI uses what?

A

True/False Questions and a Lie-detector

56
Q

What do the Big Fiver Factors Measure?

A

Personality traits

57
Q

The Big Five Factors are most stable when?

A

Adulthood

58
Q

What are the Big Five Factors?

A
  • Conscientiousness
  • Agreeableness
  • Neuroticism
  • Openness
  • Extraversion
59
Q

Careless ↔ Carefull
Disorganized ↔ Organize

A

Conscientiousness

60
Q

Suspicious ↔ Trusting
Uncorporative ↔ Helpful

A

Agreeableness

61
Q

Emotional Stability ↔ Emotional Instability
Calm ↔ Anxious

A

Neuroticism

62
Q

Practical ↔ Imaginative
Routine ↔ Variety

A

Openness

63
Q

Sober ↔ Sociable
Reserved ↔ Fun-Loving

A

Extraversion

64
Q

Views personality and behavior as influenced by the interaction of traits (including thinking) and social context

A

Social-Cognitive Theory

65
Q

Views the person-environment interactions reciprocal determination

A

Albert Bandura

66
Q

Reciprocal determinism is the interacting influences of what?

A

Behavior, internal personal factors, and environment

67
Q

Different people choose what?

A

Different environment which then shape us

68
Q

Our personalities shape how we do what?

A

Interpret and react to events

69
Q

Our personalities help create what?

A

Situations to which we react

70
Q

Recurring, haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or insomnia that lingers 4 weeks or more after a traumatic event

A

PTSD

71
Q

Major Depression Disorder if there is a presence of at least 5 of these symptoms for over 2 week period

A
  • Depressed Mood most of the time
  • Anhedonia
  • Significant challenges regulating appetite and weight
  • Significant challenge regulating sleep
  • Physical agitation or lethargy
  • Feeling listless or with much less energy
  • Feeling worthless or feeling unwarranted guilt
  • Problems thinking, concentrating, or making decisions
  • Thinking repetitively of death and suicide
72
Q

Dramatically reduced enjoyment in most activities most of the time
- loss of interest/pleasure

A

Anhedonia

73
Q

Seasonal Affective Disorder

A

MDD with Seasonal pattern

74
Q

Treatment for Seasonal MDD

A

Light Therapy

75
Q

Person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression, and the overexcited state of Mania

A

Bipolar Disorder

76
Q

Hyperactive, wildly optimistic state in which dangerously poor judgement is common

A

Mania

77
Q

Bipolar 1 is what?

A

High Mania and depression

78
Q

Bipolar 2 is what?

A

Mild Mania and depression

79
Q

What changes with depression?

A

Behaviors and thoughts

80
Q

Depressed individuals have an increased what?

A

Expectation of negative outcomes

81
Q

Depressed individuals attend more selectively what?

A

Negative aspects of their environments and situations

82
Q

Depressed individuals recall what type of information and expect what

A

Negative information and expect negative outcomes

83
Q

Compulsive fretting; overthinking about our problems and their causes

A

Rumination

84
Q

When bad events happen, depressed people do what?

A

Blame themselves

85
Q

What are depressed peoples explanations for blaming themselves during a bad event or situation?

A

Pessimistic, overgeneralized, self-focused, and self-blaming

86
Q

Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and/or inappropriate emotional expression

A

Schizophrenia

87
Q

Presence of inappropriate thoughts or behavior

A

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

88
Q

Types of Positive symptoms of Schizophrenia

A

Hallucinations and Delusions

89
Q

Absence of appropriate behaviors

A

Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia

90
Q

Types of Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia

A
  • Avolition (Apathy)
  • Alogia
  • Anhedonia
  • Affective Flattening
91
Q

Lack of initiation and persistence

A

Avolition

92
Q

Relative absence of speech

A

Alogia

93
Q

little expressed emotion

A

Affective Flattening

94
Q

Treatment involving psychological techniques; consisting of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth

A

Psychotherapy

95
Q

Using a variety of techniques from several forms of therapy to treat clients
- Combo of therapies

A

Eclectic Approach

96
Q

Treatment of severe psychological disorders with prescribed medicines or medical procedures that directly affect the nervous system

A

Biomedical Therapy

97
Q

Therapist uses techniques such as active listening, within a genuine, accepting, empathetic environment to facilitate client’s growth. This is non-directive therapy that allows the person to talk

A

Client (Person)-Centered Therapy

98
Q

Active Listening

A
  • Echo
  • Restate
  • Clarify
99
Q

The therapist attempts to accept and understand the client, giving non-judgmental grace, making the client feel valued and whole

A

Unconditional Positive Regard

100
Q

Emphasizes boosting people’s self-fulfillment by trying to help them grow in self-awareness and self-acceptance

A

Humanistic Perspective

General Psychology (1 decks)

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