Test 5 Study Guide Flashcards
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
A specialized agency of the UN leading international efforts to defeat hunger. Goal is to achieve food and security for all and make sure that people have regular access to enough high-quality food and lead active, healthy lives.
World Health Organization (WHO)
Works worldwide to promote health, keep the world safe, and serve the vulnerable. Universal health coverage, protect a billion more ppl from health emergencies, and provide further billion ppl w/ better health and well-being
Codex Alimentarius Commission
Protect the health of consumers, ensure fair practice in their food trade, and promote coordination of all food standards work undertaken by international government and non-governmental organizations
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Provided the foundation for modern food and drug regulation, the original law only required that products include accurate labeling indicating their ingredients. Congress gave the FDA authority to regulate cosmetics, authorized factory inspections, and gave the FDA increased authority to regulate both foods and drugs
US Department of Agriculture
Shares responsibility with FDA. Regulates meat, poultry, and eggs.
Environmental Protection Agency
Created Air Quality Index (AQI) which is an index for reporting the daily quality of air.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
A national and global resource conducting research and epidemiologic investigations. Works closely with states to monitor and prevent disease through health surveillance, assisting in program implementation, and maintaining health statistics through the National Center for Health Statistics
State and Local Health Departments
Local health departments - great deal of autonomy in setting its own structure and function and often raising its own funding
State health departments - collecting vital statistics, running a public health lab, licensing health professionals, administering nutrition programs, and regulating health facilities
Consumer Protection Agencies
Any governmental authority that regulates, administers, or enforces Consumer Protection Laws.
Ex - Consumer Product Safety Commission, FDA, Department of Ag and the National Highway Traffic Safety Admin
Efficacy
An intervention increased positive outcomes or benefits in the population on which it is investigated
Malnutrition
Lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough to eat, not eating enough of the right things, or being unable to use the food that one does eat
Over-nutrition
The overconsumption of nutrients and food to the point at which health is adversely affected
Contaminated Food
-Aflatoxins are a naturally occurring fungi/mold that may grow on peanuts, tree nuts, corn, wheat, and oilseeds. FDA restricts the quantity of aflatoxins.
-Residual pesticides used on fruits and veggies and residual antibiotics used to increase the weight of animals
-Glass or metal products or food products such as nut or seafood shells by be included
One Health Movement
Asserts that human health is dependent on animal health and the health of the ecosystem. Initially developed by the vet med community it has been widely accepted by national and international orgs
Zoonotic Disease
Disease that exists in animals but can be transmitted to humans
Dietary Supplements
A category within FDA law that includes vitamins, minerals, and many herbal remedies
Outbreak
An increased number of cases of a disease over a defined time period in which affected individuals share a characteristic in common
Micronutrients
Vitamins and minerals that in small quantities are considered essential to good health
Food Security
As defined by the WHO, requires that all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life
FAO
Food and Agriculture Organization
WHO
World Health Organization - main purpose is to promote health, keep the world safe, and serve the vulnerable
CAC
FAO/WHO joint program
FDA
US food safety - responsible for protecting the public health by ensuring the safety, efficacy, and security of human and vet drugs, biological, products, and medical devices; and by ensuring the safety of our nation’s food supply, cosmetics, and products that emit radiation
USDA
Regulation of meat, poultry, and eggs - provide leadership on food, agriculture, natural resources, rural development, nutrition, and related issues based on public policy, the best available science, and effective management
