Test 5 Flashcards
B
Bible, the only rule of faith and practice
R
Regenerate and Immersed Church Membership
A
Autonomy of the Local Church
P
Priesthood of the Believer
S
Soul Liberty
I
Immersion and the Lord’s Supper - the only two ordinances
S (2)
Separation of church and state
S (3)
Separation Ethically and Ecclesiastically
What are the two key elements in Fundamentalism?
Doctrinal purity and Ecclesiastical Separation
What are the three broad periods in Fundamentalist history?
Birth in 1850 until about 1930
After 1930
In the 1950s
What are four characteristics of the post-Civil War revival tradition?
Aggressively evangelistic and missions oriented
Premillennial
Theologically conservative
Trans-denominational
What was the first and most significant Fundamentalist Bible conference? When did it meet?
The Niagara Bible Conference 1876
What are five key themes of the Niagara Bible Conference?
Premillennialism (a requirement for speakers)
Inspiration of the Scriptures
Person and work of Christ
Ministry of the Holy Spirit
Evangelism and missions
What was held every 7 or 8 years to unify premillennialists worldwide?
Bible and Prophecy Conferences
What is German Higher Criticism
Invaded British and American Christianity in the 1870s and 80s
Contrast with Lower Criticism
Attacked authenticity, reliability, and authority
of the Scriptures.
What is Darwinism?
◦ Darwin’s On the Origin of Species (1859)
◦ History of Religions approach
What is the Social Gospel?
◦ Key tenets
Sin is selfishness.
Redemption is social.
Atonement is example.
Christianity is non-miraculous.
◦ Key theologian: Walter Rauschenbusch (1861-1918)
Baptist professor at Rochester Theological Seminary
Theologian of the Social Gospel
Although Fundamentalism arose out of revival and an emphasis on the return of Christ, what was essential in its becoming a movement?
Liberalism
What was the “Bible of Fundamentalism,” who produced it, and when was it produced?
The Scofield Reference Bible produced by C. I. Scofield, and was produced in 1917.
What were The Fundamentals?
A series of articles
Twelve booklets – 90 articles
Free distribution – at Lyman Stewart’s expense
What was the World’s Christian Fundamentals Association, and who was its first president? What were its two purposes?
It was a trans denominational group formed to fight liberalism in all denominations. William Bell Riley (W. B. Riley) was the first president. It was a group formed to combat liberalism in American Christianity and the teaching of evolution in the public school system.
What are the advantage and disadvantages of Fundamentalism’s doctrinal minimalism?
Advantage: Highlights cruciality of the gospel
Disadvantages:
1. Other key teachings may be devalued.
2. Main vehicle for advancing the gospel is the local church.
What was MOBA, and why was it an unusual organization at its founding?
MOBA = Michigan Orthodox Baptist Association
There were 16 churches in Michigan, 14 of which were conservative and withdrew from the NBC and formed their own Association.
When was “Fundamentalist” first used to describe the militant conservatives?
Annual Convention Meetings 1920-21 (NBC)
a. Conservative pre-convention meetings
b. “Fundamentalist”
What happened at the 1922 NBC (Northern Baptist Convention) annual convention meeting?
Harry Emerson Fosdick preached the provocative sermon, “Shall the Fundamentalists Win?” This angered fundamentalists because the liberals had him speak.
What was the BBU, and who were its big three leaders?
BBU = Baptist Bible Union
William Bell Riley
T. T. Shields (president)
Frank Norris
What was the Des Moines debacle?
Des Moines debacle was when Wayland made dumb decisions and T. T. Shields ended up resigning.
What was the “shot heard round the world”?
“The Shot Heard Round the World”
a. Mayor H. C. Meacham
b. Dexter Chipps
c. Murder?
Know highlights of the Scopes Trial?
- Anti-evolution statute in Tennessee, 1925
- ACLU challenge – John Scopes
- Trial in Dayton, TN, July 1925
- Principal characters
◦ Judge John Roulston
◦ Clarence Darrow – Assistant Defense Attorney
◦ William Jennings Bryan – Assistant Prosecutor - Media circus
- Bryan cross-examination
- Condemnation
- Aftermath
◦ Successful appeal
◦ Anti-evolution statues passed and struck down
1960 film “Inherit the Wind”
About the Scopes Trial. Prejudiced against anti-evolution
Be prepared to write short essays over the following subjects:
The three fountainheads of Fundamentalism
o Post-Civil War Revival Tradition
o Bible Conference Movement
o Opposition to Theological Liberalism
b. The founding of the NBC: the three elements within it
Three Elements:
* Small, well-organized liberal group
* Small, unorganized militant conservative group
* Large mass of churches
o Generally conservative
o Drifting to the left
The founding of the NBC: the five areas of concern
Areas of concern
* Denominational control
* Modernism in the schools
* Inclusivism on the mission fields
* Absence of a confession of faith
* Conclusions about the “Theologically Roaring ‘20s
D. L. Moody
- Ira Sankey – song leader
- Mass evangelism
- C. 1875 to 1930
- Influence on Baptists
- Characteristics
o Aggressively evangelistic and missions oriented
o Premillennial
o Premil is not a Gospel doctrine. Many people we study in this class were premil.
o Theologically conservative
o Trans-denominational - Niagara Bible Conference
- Annual two-week conference 1876-1900
- Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario from 1883
- Key Baptist: A. J. Gordon
- Key Themes
o Premillennialism (a requirement for speakers)
o Inspiration of the Scriptures
o Person and work of Christ
o Ministry of the Holy Spirit
o Evangelism and missions - Bible and Prophecy Conferences
o Focus on premillennial return of Christ
o Six meetings
◦ 1878, 1886, 1895, 1901, 1914, 1918 (Don’t need to know these dates) - Rallied premillennial conservatives
Walter Rauschenbusch - Key theologian: Walter Rauschenbusch (1861-1918)
o Baptist professor at Rochester Theological Seminary
o Theologian of the Social Gospel
“We have the possibility of so directing religious energy by scientific knowledge that a comprehensive and continuous reconstruction of social life in the name of God is within the bounds of human possibility.” Rauschenbusch
J. Gordon
- Clarendon Street Baptist Church, 1868-1895
o Refused the pastorate for two years but eventually went and changed the affluent church into a church that really served those around them. - Executive Committee of ABMU, 1878-1895
- Opposed theological liberalism in Watchword
- “Abraham of American Fundamentalism” (Beale)
Harry Emerson Fosdick
- Professor at Union Theological Seminary, NYC, 1908-1946
- Preached annual convention sermon, 1919 – liberal
- Preached provocative sermon “Shall the Fundamentalists Win?” in 1922
- Pastor, Riverside Church, 1925-1946
Oliver van Osdel
- Pastor of Wealthy Street Baptist Church, Grand Rapids, 1909-1934
- Early separatist
- Leader in BBU in 1920s
- Key founder of the GARBC in 1932
William Bell Riley
- Riley: New Hampshire Confession
- William Bell Riley (1861-1947)
o Pastor, First Baptist Church, Minneapolis, 1897-1942
◦ Dynamic mission station
o Northwestern Schools 1902
o Conservative leader at founding of NBC in 1907
o Bible of the Expositor and the Evangelist
o President, WCFA, 1919-1930
o Vice-President, Baptist Bible Union, 1923-1930
T. T. Shields
Thomas Todhunter Shields (1873-1955)
◦ Pastor, Jarvis Street Baptist Church, Toronto, 1910-1955
Dynamic preacher and organizer
McMaster University struggles 1913-1927
President, Baptist Bible Union, 1923-1930
Des Moines debacle
◦ Des Moines University purchased 1927
◦ Staff errors
President Harry Wayland
BBU Rep Edith Rebman
◦ Untenable situation for two years
◦ Radical solution – spring 1929
◦ Student riot
◦ Shields Resignation
J. Frank Norris
◦ Pastor, First Baptist Church, Fort Worth, TX, 1909-1952
“Rum and Romanism”
Sensational methods, oratory, and use of media
Running feud with SBC leadership
◦ Vice-president, Baptist Bible Union, 1923-1926
“The Shot Heard Round the World”
◦ Mayor H. C. Meacham
◦ Dexter Chipps
◦ Murder?
Expelled from SBC 1926
Excluded from founding of the GARBC
◦ Attacked Ketcham
Pastor, Temple Baptist Church, Detroit, 1935-1950
New Testament World Fundamental Baptist Missionary Fellowship 1938
◦ World Baptist Fellowship
