Test 4 Review

Question 1

Who founded psychoanalysis?

Answer 1

Sigmund Freud

Question 2

What is the theory behind psychoanalysis?

Answer 2

theory and therapy that focuses on unconscious processes

Question 3

three levels of consciousness (Unconscious)

Answer 3

unpleasant memories that were repressed

Question 4

three levels of consciousness (Preconscious)

Answer 4

memories we are not aware of but can easily bring to mind

Question 5

three levels of consciousness (Conscious)

Answer 5

what we are aware of at any given moment, thoughts feelings sensations or memories

Question 6

What is the life instinct

Answer 6

sexual instincts and biological urges, such as hunger and thirst

Question 7

What is the death instinct

Answer 7

accounts for aggressive and destructive impulses

Question 8

What is the pleasure principle

Answer 8

seed pleasure, avoid pain, and gain immediate gratification of its wishes

Question 9

What is the reality principle

Answer 9

constraints of the real world in determining appropriate times, places, and objects for gratification of the id’s wishes

Question 10

What is the ego ideal

Answer 10

the behavior for which a child has been praised and rewarded which he or she feels pride and satisfaction

Question 11

What are the three systems of personality (Id)

Answer 11

contains life and death instincts, operates according to the pleasure principle, wants to drive 100mph

Question 12

What are the three systems of personality (Ego)

Answer 12

logical, rational part of personality, operates according to the reality principle, can’t really drive 100mph

Question 13

What are the three systems of personality (Superego)

Answer 13

moral system of the personality, consists of conscience and ego ideal, tells you not to drive 100mph

Question 14

defense mechanisms included in your book (Repression)

Answer 14

involuntarily removing an unpleasant memory, thought, or perception from consciousness or barring disturbing sexual and aggressive impulses from consciousness

Question 15

defense mechanisms included in your book (Projection)

Answer 15

attributing one’s own undesirable traits, thoughts, behavior, or impulses to another

Question 16

defense mechanisms included in your book (Denial)

Answer 16

refusing to acknowledge consciously the existence of danger or a threatening situation

Question 17

defense mechanisms included in your book (Rationalization)

Answer 17

supplying a logical, rational, or socially acceptable reason rather than the real reason for an action or event

Question 18

defense mechanisms included in your book (Regression)

Answer 18

reverting to a behavior that might have reduced anxiety at an earlier stage of development

Question 19

defense mechanisms included in your book (Reaction Formation)

Answer 19

expressing exaggerated ideas and emotions that are the opposite of disturbing, unconscious impulses and desires

Question 20

defense mechanisms included in your book (Displacement)

Answer 20

substituting a less threatening object or person for the original object of a sexual or aggressive impulse

Question 21

defense mechanisms included in your book (Sublimation)

Answer 21

rechanneling sexual and aggressive energy into pursuits or accomplishments that society considers acceptable or even admirable

Question 22

defense mechanisms included in your book (undoing)

Answer 22

when a person engages in a behavior that is in the opposite direction of the inducing behavior. Take a shower after doing something bad

Question 23

what are the psychosexual stages?

Answer 23

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

Question 24

What happens at oral

Answer 24

birth to 1, can lead to dependence and passivity or sarcasm and hosility

Question 25

What happens at anal

Answer 25

1-3, can lead to excessive cleaniness and stinginess or messiness and rebeliousness

Question 26

What happens at phallic

Answer 26

3-5 or 6, can lead to flirtatiousness and promiscuity or excessive pride and chasity

Question 27

What happens at latency

Answer 27

5 or 6, sexual calm

Question 28

What happens at genital

Answer 28

puberity, revival of sexual interests

Question 29

What is an Oedipal complex

Answer 29

in love with mom and bond with dad

Question 30

What is an Electra complex

Answer 30

in love with dad and bond with mom

Question 31

What is anal retentive

Answer 31

excessively clean

Question 32

What is anal expulsive

Answer 32

excessively messy

Question 33

Who were the neo-Freudians

Answer 33

built on strengths of Freud and avoid weaknesses

Question 34

why did neo-freudians split from Freud

Answer 34

disagreed on certain basic principles, insistence of sex and aggression in development of personality

Question 35

What are the self

Answer 35

carries out normal daily activities

Question 36

What are personal and collective unconscious

Answer 36

component containing all the individual’s memories, thoughts, and feelings that re accessible to consciousness, and repressed memories

Question 37

What are extraversion

Answer 37

a dimension ranging from outgoing to shy

Question 38

What are archetypes

Answer 38

inherited tendencies to respond to universal human situations

Question 39

What are conditions of worth

Answer 39

conditions on which positive regard depends, conditions of worth force us to live according to someone else’s values

Question 40

What are conditions of unconditional positive regard?

Answer 40

unqualified caring and nonjudgmental acceptance, brings the person back in tune with self

Question 41

What is the hierarchy of needs

Answer 41

human needs in hierarchical form with food and shelter at the bottom and need for self-actualization at the top

Question 42

What is self-actualization?

Answer 42

self-defined goals for personal fulfillment and growth

Question 43

What is a cardinal trait

Answer 43

so pervasive that almost every act can be traced to their influence, Stephen hawking was brilliant

Question 44

What is central traits and situational traits

Answer 44

trait which we would “mention in writing a careful letter of recommendation”

Question 45

What is reciprocal determinism

Answer 45

internal, environmental, and behavioral variables interact to influence personality

Question 46

What does the acronym OCEAN, five-factor model, stand for?

Answer 46

- Openness - Conscientiousness - Extraversion - Agreeableness - Neuroticism

Question 47

What is an external locus of control?

Answer 47

perceive events as in the hands of fate, luck or chance

Question 48

What is an internal locus of control?

Answer 48

see selves as primarily in control of their behavior and its consequences

Question 49

What is the MMPI-2

Answer 49

used to screen for and diagnose psychiatric problems and disorders, most extensively researched and widely used personality test

Question 50

high scorers exhibit an exaggerated concern about their physical health

Answer 50

hypochondriasis

Question 51

high scorers are usually depressed, despondent, and distressed

Answer 51

depression

Question 52

high scorers complain often about physical symptoms that have no apparent organic cause

Answer 52

hysteria

Question 53

high scorers show a disregard for social and moral standards

Answer 53

psychopathic deviate

Question 54

high scorers show traditional masculine or feminine attitudes and values

Answer 54

masculinity/femininity

Question 55

high scorers demonstrate extreme suspiciousness and feelings of persecution

Answer 55

paranoia

Question 56

high scorers tend to be highly anxious, rigid, tense, and worrying

Answer 56

psychasthenia

Question 57

high scorers tend to be socially withdrawn and to engage in bizarre and unusual thinking

Answer 57

schizophrenia

Question 58

high scorers are usually emotional, excitable, energetic, and impulsive

Answer 58

hypomania

Question 59

high scorers tend to be modest, self-effacing, and shy

Answer 59

social introversion

Question 60

What is a projective test?

Answer 60

consists of inkblots, drawings of ambiguous human situations, or incomplete sentences, no correct or incorrect responses

Question 61

What are the Rorschach tests

Answer 61

test taker is asked to describe 10 inkblots, responses can be used to diagnose disorders

Question 62

What are the TAT, and Human Figure Drawing Tests?

Answer 62

consists of 1 blank card and 19 cards showing vague or ambiguous black-and-white drawings of human figures, descriptions are thought to reveal inner feelings, conflicts and motives

Question 63

Review the Personality Disorders -paranoid

Answer 63

highly suspicious, hypersensitive

Question 64

Schizoid

Answer 64

isolates self from others, unable to form emotional attachments

Question 65

schizotypal

Answer 65

dresses extremely unusual, lacks social skills

Question 66

narcissistic

Answer 66

exaggerated sense of self-importance and entitlement, craves attention

Question 67

histrionic

Answer 67

seeks attention and approval, craves excitement, overly dramatic, shallow

Question 68

borderline

Answer 68

unstable mood, behavior, self-image, and social relationships, makes suicidal gestures and self-mutilation acts

Question 69

antisocial

Answer 69

disregard for and violation of others rights since age 15

Question 70

obsessive-compulsive

Answer 70

Perfectionistic, things must be done right way

Question 71

avoidant

Answer 71

fears criticism and rejection, avoids social situations to prevent being judged

Question 72

dependent

Answer 72

overly dependent on others for advice and approval, clings to lovers and friends, fears abandonment