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PSYC 2301 > Test 4 Review > Flashcards

Test 4 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Who founded psychoanalysis?

A

Sigmund Freud

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2
Q

What is the theory behind psychoanalysis?

A

theory and therapy that focuses on unconscious processes

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3
Q

three levels of consciousness (Unconscious)

A

unpleasant memories that were repressed

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4
Q

three levels of consciousness (Preconscious)

A

memories we are not aware of but can easily bring to mind

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5
Q

three levels of consciousness (Conscious)

A

what we are aware of at any given moment, thoughts feelings sensations or memories

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6
Q

What is the life instinct

A

sexual instincts and biological urges, such as hunger and thirst

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7
Q

What is the death instinct

A

accounts for aggressive and destructive impulses

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8
Q

What is the pleasure principle

A

seed pleasure, avoid pain, and gain immediate gratification of its wishes

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9
Q

What is the reality principle

A

constraints of the real world in determining appropriate times, places, and objects for gratification of the id’s wishes

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10
Q

What is the ego ideal

A

the behavior for which a child has been praised and rewarded which he or she feels pride and satisfaction

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11
Q

What are the three systems of personality (Id)

A

contains life and death instincts, operates according to the pleasure principle, wants to drive 100mph

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12
Q

What are the three systems of personality (Ego)

A

logical, rational part of personality, operates according to the reality principle, can’t really drive 100mph

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13
Q

What are the three systems of personality (Superego)

A

moral system of the personality, consists of conscience and ego ideal, tells you not to drive 100mph

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14
Q

defense mechanisms included in your book (Repression)

A

involuntarily removing an unpleasant memory, thought, or perception from consciousness or barring disturbing sexual and aggressive impulses from consciousness

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15
Q

defense mechanisms included in your book (Projection)

A

attributing one’s own undesirable traits, thoughts, behavior, or impulses to another

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16
Q

defense mechanisms included in your book (Denial)

A

refusing to acknowledge consciously the existence of danger or a threatening situation

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17
Q

defense mechanisms included in your book (Rationalization)

A

supplying a logical, rational, or socially acceptable reason rather than the real reason for an action or event

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18
Q

defense mechanisms included in your book (Regression)

A

reverting to a behavior that might have reduced anxiety at an earlier stage of development

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19
Q

defense mechanisms included in your book (Reaction Formation)

A

expressing exaggerated ideas and emotions that are the opposite of disturbing, unconscious impulses and desires

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20
Q

defense mechanisms included in your book (Displacement)

A

substituting a less threatening object or person for the original object of a sexual or aggressive impulse

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21
Q

defense mechanisms included in your book (Sublimation)

A

rechanneling sexual and aggressive energy into pursuits or accomplishments that society considers acceptable or even admirable

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22
Q

defense mechanisms included in your book (undoing)

A

when a person engages in a behavior that is in the opposite direction of the inducing behavior. Take a shower after doing something bad

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23
Q

what are the psychosexual stages?

A

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

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24
Q

What happens at oral

A

birth to 1, can lead to dependence and passivity or sarcasm and hosility

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25
Q

What happens at anal

A

1-3, can lead to excessive cleaniness and stinginess or messiness and rebeliousness

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26
Q

What happens at phallic

A

3-5 or 6, can lead to flirtatiousness and promiscuity or excessive pride and chasity

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27
Q

What happens at latency

A

5 or 6, sexual calm

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28
Q

What happens at genital

A

puberity, revival of sexual interests

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29
Q

What is an Oedipal complex

A

in love with mom and bond with dad

30
Q

What is an Electra complex

A

in love with dad and bond with mom

31
Q

What is anal retentive

A

excessively clean

32
Q

What is anal expulsive

A

excessively messy

33
Q

Who were the neo-Freudians

A

built on strengths of Freud and avoid weaknesses

34
Q

why did neo-freudians split from Freud

A

disagreed on certain basic principles, insistence of sex and aggression in development of personality

35
Q

What are the self

A

carries out normal daily activities

36
Q

What are personal and collective unconscious

A

component containing all the individual’s memories, thoughts, and feelings that re accessible to consciousness, and repressed memories

37
Q

What are extraversion

A

a dimension ranging from outgoing to shy

38
Q

What are archetypes

A

inherited tendencies to respond to universal human situations

39
Q

What are conditions of worth

A

conditions on which positive regard depends, conditions of worth force us to live according to someone else’s values

40
Q

What are conditions of unconditional positive regard?

A

unqualified caring and nonjudgmental acceptance, brings the person back in tune with self

41
Q

What is the hierarchy of needs

A

human needs in hierarchical form with food and shelter at the bottom and need for self-actualization at the top

42
Q

What is self-actualization?

A

self-defined goals for personal fulfillment and growth

43
Q

What is a cardinal trait

A

so pervasive that almost every act can be traced to their influence, Stephen hawking was brilliant

44
Q

What is central traits and situational traits

A

trait which we would “mention in writing a careful letter of recommendation”

45
Q

What is reciprocal determinism

A

internal, environmental, and behavioral variables interact to influence personality

46
Q

What does the acronym OCEAN, five-factor model, stand for?

A
  • Openness
  • Conscientiousness
  • Extraversion
  • Agreeableness
  • Neuroticism
47
Q

What is an external locus of control?

A

perceive events as in the hands of fate, luck or chance

48
Q

What is an internal locus of control?

A

see selves as primarily in control of their behavior and its consequences

49
Q

What is the MMPI-2

A

used to screen for and diagnose psychiatric problems and disorders, most extensively researched and widely used personality test

50
Q

high scorers exhibit an exaggerated concern about their physical health

A

hypochondriasis

51
Q

high scorers are usually depressed, despondent, and distressed

A

depression

52
Q

high scorers complain often about physical symptoms that have no apparent organic cause

A

hysteria

53
Q

high scorers show a disregard for social and moral standards

A

psychopathic deviate

54
Q

high scorers show traditional masculine or feminine attitudes and values

A

masculinity/femininity

55
Q

high scorers demonstrate extreme suspiciousness and feelings of persecution

A

paranoia

56
Q

high scorers tend to be highly anxious, rigid, tense, and worrying

A

psychasthenia

57
Q

high scorers tend to be socially withdrawn and to engage in bizarre and unusual thinking

A

schizophrenia

58
Q

high scorers are usually emotional, excitable, energetic, and impulsive

A

hypomania

59
Q

high scorers tend to be modest, self-effacing, and shy

A

social introversion

60
Q

What is a projective test?

A

consists of inkblots, drawings of ambiguous human situations, or incomplete sentences, no correct or incorrect responses

61
Q

What are the Rorschach tests

A

test taker is asked to describe 10 inkblots, responses can be used to diagnose disorders

62
Q

What are the TAT, and Human Figure Drawing Tests?

A

consists of 1 blank card and 19 cards showing vague or ambiguous black-and-white drawings of human figures, descriptions are thought to reveal inner feelings, conflicts and motives

63
Q

Review the Personality Disorders -paranoid

A

highly suspicious, hypersensitive

64
Q

Schizoid

A

isolates self from others, unable to form emotional attachments

65
Q

schizotypal

A

dresses extremely unusual, lacks social skills

66
Q

narcissistic

A

exaggerated sense of self-importance and entitlement, craves attention

67
Q

histrionic

A

seeks attention and approval, craves excitement, overly dramatic, shallow

68
Q

borderline

A

unstable mood, behavior, self-image, and social relationships, makes suicidal gestures and self-mutilation acts

69
Q

antisocial

A

disregard for and violation of others rights since age 15

70
Q

obsessive-compulsive

A

Perfectionistic, things must be done right way

71
Q

avoidant

A

fears criticism and rejection, avoids social situations to prevent being judged

72
Q

dependent

A

overly dependent on others for advice and approval, clings to lovers and friends, fears abandonment

PSYC 2301 (2 decks)

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