TEST 4 (Precipitation, Common Ion, Nature of Acid and Base)

Question 1

How to predict precipitation

Answer 1

Use Trial Ion Product (Q)

Question 2

When will a precipitate form?

Answer 2

Q > Ksp

Question 3

Q > Ksp

Answer 3

Dissolution equilibrium system shifts left

Question 4

Q < Ksp

Answer 4

Solution unsaturated

Dissolution equilibrium system shifts right

Question 5

Q = Ksp

Answer 5

No precipitation or overall change in concentration

Solution at equilibrium

Question 6

Dilution Formula

Answer 6

C1V1 = C2V2

Question 7

Common Ion Effect

Answer 7

Reduction in the solubility of an ionic compound due to the presence of a common ion in solution

Question 8

Common Ion

Answer 8

What is present in both solutions

Question 9

Explanation of Common Ion Effect

Answer 9

It takes spots available for other solution –> less solubility of that solution

Question 10

Which compound will be less soluble?

Answer 10

Compound with smaller Ksp

Question 11

Properties of Acids

Answer 11

Sour
Watery feeling
Low pH
Reacts with metals to form hydrogen gas and a salt
Reacts with a base to form a salt and water

Question 12

Properties of Bases

Answer 12

Sour 
Slippery feeling
High pH
Non-reactive with metals
Reacts with acid to form a salt and water

Question 13

Arrhenius Theory

Answer 13

Acid –> Produces H+

Base –> Produces OH-

Question 14

Problem with Arrhenius theory

Answer 14

Doesn’t argee with NH3 and weak bases

Question 15

Bronsted Lowry Theory

Answer 15

Acid –> hydrogen ion donor

Base –> hydrogen ion acceptor

Question 16

Conjugate Base

Answer 16

Form from acids

Question 17

Conjugate Acid

Answer 17

Forms from base

Question 18

Amphiprotic Substances

Answer 18

Can behave as an acid or base

Question 19

Acid Ionization Constant

Answer 19

Ka

Equilibrium constant for the ionization of an acid