Test 4 Ch. 29 - Gullain-Barre Syndrome Flashcards
GBS is an _______ disease that causes acute peripheral nervous system disorder called polyneuropathy, that results in a flaccid paralysis of the skeletal muscles and loss of muscle reflexes.
Autoimmune
What are the major pathological and structural changes of the lungs associated with poorly managed GBS?
- Mucus accumulation
- Airway obstruction
- Alveolar consolidation
- Atelectasis
GBS occurs worldwide with an overall incidence of _______ per 100,000 people.
1 to 2
Where is GBS slightly more frequent?
More frequent in males than females
The incidence of GBS is greater in what type of people?
Those over 50 years of age
GBS is ______% more common in whites than blacks.
50-60%
In about ________ of the cases, the onset of GBS occurs 1-4 weeks after a febrile episode caused by a mild respiratory or GI viral or bacterial infection.
Two-thirds
What is the most common form of GBS in North America and Europe, representing about 75-80% of cases?
AIDP - Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculopathy
_____________ is similar to AIDP, but without sensory symptoms, affects the motor axons of the nerves.
AMAN - Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy
________________ is a severe variant of GBS that is more prevalent in Asia, Central America and South America. It causes severe, rapid destruction to nerves throughout the body.
AMSAN - Acute Motor and Sensory Axonal Neuropathy
What is Miller Fisher Syndrome (subtype of GBS) characterized by?
- Double vision
- Loss of appetite
- Loss of deep tendon reflexes
AIDP is caused by an immunologic attack that results in peripheral nerve demyelination and inflammation. ___________ and _____________ appear to attack an strip of the myelin sheath of the peripheral nerve and leave swelling and fragmentation of the neural axon.
Lymphocytes and macrophages
With AIDP, it is believed that the ________________ is the actual target of the immune attack.
Myelin sheath covering the peripheral nerves
Although the precise infectious cause of GBS is not fully understood, it is known that many patients with GBS have had ____________ before developing GBS.
CMV infection and campylobacterjejuni
Today, about ____% of patients with GBS will die.
2-3%
What is the general clinical history of patients with GBS?
- Symmetric muscle weakness in the distal extremities accompanied by paresthesia (tingling, burning, shocklike sensations) or dysesthesias (unpleasant, abnormal sense of touch)
- Pain (Throbbing, aching especially in lower back, buttocks and legs)
- Numbness
Muscle paralysis that spreads upward is called _____________.
Ascending paralysis
With GBS, muscle paralysis generally peaks in about ______.
2 weeks
With GBS, oculomotor weakness occurs in about ____% of cases.
15
With GBS, more than ________ of patients experience severe pain.
HALF
With GBS, about _________ of patients have autonomic symptoms.
two-thirds
In ________% of GBS cases, respiratory muscle paralysis develops, followed by acute ventilatory failure (hypercapnic respiratory failure)
10-30%
Although GB is typically an ascending paralysis — that is, moving from the lower portions of legs and body upward - in about ____% of cases, muscle paralysis affects the facial and arm muscles and then moves downward.
10
Between _____% of GBS patients have permanent residual neurologic deficits.
10-20%
