Test 4

Question 1

warrant

Answer 1

A written statement issued by a judge which gives a law officer the legal right to search for a particular thing in a specific place.

Question 2

appeal

Answer 2

A request that a higher court review the case records and verdict of the lower court

Question 3

discretionary review

Answer 3

the power to decide whether or not to hear a case

Question 4

Supreme Court

Answer 4

The highest court in the United States

Question 5

Appellate jurisdiction

Answer 5

The right of the court to review the ruling of a lower court

Question 6

Militia

Answer 6

Refers to the armed citizenry

Question 7

Brief

Answer 7

A lawyer’s written argument

Question 8

evidence

Answer 8

material presented as proof at a trial

Question 9

grand jury

Answer 9

assembled to examine evidence to determine whether there is sufficient evidence against the accused to try a case

Question 10

trial jury

Answer 10

assembled to hear a case in court and to issue a verdict

Question 11

Opinion Day

Answer 11

The final stage of the Supreme Court’s decision-making process

Question 12

precident

Answer 12

past decision involving similar cases

Question 13

judicial restraint

Answer 13

the idea that the Supreme Court should interpret and apply the Constitution according to the original understanding of those who wrote and ratified it

Question 14

judicial activism

Answer 14

the idea that the Supreme Court should go beyond the Constitutional to change societal behavior.

Question 15

Conference Handshake

Answer 15

serves to remind the justices on the Supreme Court that differences of opinion do not preclude harmony of purpose

Question 16

Exclusionary Rule

Answer 16

States that evidence obtained illegally is not admissible in court

Question 17

What term refers to a petition for the Supreme Court to hear a case?

Answer 17

writ of certiorari

Question 18

Who was the chief justice that ruled in Marbury v. Madison?

Answer 18

John Marshal

Question 19

What law restricted the sale of handguns by requiring a waiting period for the purchase of a handgun?

Answer 19

Brady Law

Question 20

Under which chief justice did the Supreme Court adopt the philosophy of judicial activism?

Answer 20

Earl Warren

Question 21

What kind of briefs are filed by individuals who are not parties in a particular case but still have an interest in the case’s outcome?

Answer 21

amicus curiae

Question 22

What term describes a statement of an individual citizen’s legal privileges?

Answer 22

bill of rights

Question 23

What kind of courts are created by Congress under the authority given it in Article III?

Answer 23

constitutional courts

Question 24

How many justices currently serve on the Supreme Court?

Answer 24

nine

Question 25

What term describes the right of the Supreme Court to declare a law, or an action based upon that law, unconstitutional?

Answer 25

Judicial review

Question 26

Who are the chief decision makers of the federal judiciary?

Answer 26

Judges

Question 27

What word refers to the right of a court to hear and decide a case?

Answer 27

jurisdiction

Question 28

What term means a crime so serious that it is punishable by death?

Answer 28

Capital Crime

Question 29

Which of the following was not a part of the historical background for the Bill of Rights? Massachusetts Body of Liberties Virginia Declaration of Rights Judiciary Act of 1789 English Bill of Rights

Answer 29

Judiciary Act of 1789

Question 30

What case regarding abortion illustrated radical judicial activism?

Answer 30

Roe v. Wade

Question 31

What case asserted for the Supreme Court the right of judicial review?

Answer 31

Marbury v. Madison

Question 32

Which special military court are members of the armed forces tried in?

Answer 32

Court-martial

Question 33

Which of the following is not guaranteed by the First Amendment? ``` Freedom of... trial by jury assembly press speach ```

Answer 33

Freedom of Trial by Jury

Question 34

Which of the following is not a type of judicial opinion issued by the Supreme Court? appellate opinion dissenting opinion unanimous opinion majority opinion

Answer 34

appellate opinion

Question 35

What word means to destroy a person's reputation by false writing?

Answer 35

libel

Question 36

What word means to destroy a person's reputation by false words/speech?

Answer 36

Slander

Question 37

What professional interest group has the most influence on the President regarding his choice of a federal judge?

Answer 37

American Bar Association

Question 38

Which term refers to an official examination of available evidence in a court of law?

Answer 38

trial

Question 39

Which are the most active of the federal judiciary courts? District Courts Court of Appeals Circuit Courts Supreme Court

Answer 39

United States District Courts

Question 40

Essay: Explain the original meaning of the separation of church and state. Why is it important that Christianity not be barred from American law ans government?

Answer 40

- Separation of church and state originally meant that there should be no established religion nor any legal or institutional ties between church and state - Religion and morality, especially Christianity, are essential to the survival of a free society and a federal republic. - Freedoms, liberties, and rights must be set within the framework of a Christian moral order and of common cultural values derived from Christianity.