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Biomaterials > Test 4 > Flashcards

Test 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Au, Ag, Cu, Pd, Pt, Ni are soft and ductile and form what kind of crystal

A

face centered cubic

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2
Q

Co, Cr, Fe, are less ductile and stronger and form what kind of lattice

A

body centered cubic

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3
Q

Ti is very strong and tightly packed into which lattice

A

hexagonal close packed

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4
Q

what kind of grain crystal structure is ideal

A

small grain structure

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5
Q

smaller grains brings about more of what

A

grain boundaries

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6
Q

Common form of alloys is a

A

solid solution

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7
Q

Mixture of elements at the atomic level, and is similar to a mixture of liquids that are soluble in one another is called a

A

solid solution

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8
Q

The solvent atoms are replaced by the atoms of the solute in which solid solution

A

substitution solid solution

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9
Q

The solute atoms take up the space between the solvent atoms in which solid solution

A

intersititual solid solution

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10
Q

All of the following are criteria for what solid solution?

  • The atoms must have the same valency
  • The atoms must have the same crystal structure (e.g. BCC)
  • The atomic sizes are within 15% of each other
A

Substitution solid solution

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11
Q

All of the following are criteria for what solid solution?
-The atoms must have similar crystal
structure
-The atomic size of the solute is less than 60% of the solvent

A

interstitual solid solution

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12
Q

Ag3Sn is what dental alloy

A

dental amalgam

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13
Q

what is an example of interstitual solid solution

A

stainless steel

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14
Q

what is an example of substitution solid solution

A

casting alloys

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15
Q

what kind of alloy is Worked by being forged or hammered

A

wrought alloy

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16
Q

what kind of alloy is Molten alloy is poured into a mold to give it its shape, and has very little strength

A

casting alloy

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17
Q

which alloy is stronger as it has been worked, pounded into shape.

A

wrought alloy

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18
Q

inlays, onlays, RPD, crowns all use what kind of alloy

A

casting alloy

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19
Q

orthodontic wires and endodontic instruments are usually made from what kind of alloy

A

wrought alloy

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20
Q

Resistant to Oxidation and Disolution is considered what classification of alloys

A

noble alloys

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21
Q

Readily oxidize or dissolve to release ions is considered what kind of classification of alloys

A

base metal alloy

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22
Q

base metal and noble alloys are subgroups to what greater classification

A

composition

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23
Q

Inlays- Non stress-bearing areas is which type of alloy property (soft)

A

type 1

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24
Q

Inlays/Onlays in stress-bearing areas is which type of alloy property (medium)

A

type 2

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25
Q

full crowns, 3⁄4 crowns, and short- span fixed partial dentures is which type of alloy property (hard)

A

type 3

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26
Q

full crowns, long -span fixed partial dentures, and removable partial dentures is which type of alloy property (extra hard)

A

type 4

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27
Q

what is the noble content for high noble alloys

A

greater than 60% noble content

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28
Q

what is the noble content for noble alloys

A

greater than 25% noble content

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29
Q

what is the noble content for base metal alloys

A

less than 25% noble content

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30
Q

Au, Pd, Pt and Cu are considered to make up what kinds of alloys (all have some gold in it)

A

high noble alloys

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31
Q

Pd, Ag, Au, Cu, Ga are considered to make up what kinds of alloys (dont need to have gold)

A

noble alloys

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32
Q

Ni, Cr, Co make up what kind of alloy

A

base metal alloy

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33
Q

which metal provides an alloy with Tarnish and Resistance, Malleability, Ductility

A

Au (gold)

34
Q

which metal provides hardness to an alloy

A

Cu (copper)

35
Q

which metal Modifies, is a Color Controller and Reduces Melting Point

A

Ag (silver)

36
Q

which metal is a Scavenger- Oxidation prevention

A

Zn (Zinc)

37
Q

which metal Increases Strength + Tarnish resistance

A

Pt (platinum)

38
Q

which metal Absorbs H2

A

Pd (Paladium)

39
Q

which two metals are grain refiners

A

Ir, Ru (iridium and Ruthenium)

40
Q

which clinical alloy has a high amount gold, silver and copper, high noble type 4 and is used for full metal coverage

A

Neyoro 60

41
Q

Most Metallic Alloys form and exist as:

a) InterMetallic Compounds
b) Solid Solutions
c) Non equilibrium solutions

A

solid solution

42
Q

According to the classification based on properties, choose the strongest alloy
a) Type 1 b) Type 2 c) Type 3 d) Type 4

A

type 4

43
Q 
High Noble Alloys contain which of the following:
a) Greater than 60 % Noble elements
b) Greater than 25 % Noble elements but
less than 60%
c) Less than 60 % Noble elements
A

greater than 60% noble elements

44
Q

which clinical alloy is a high noble type 4 high in gold and paladium and is used for full metal and porcelain fused metals

A

Eclipse

45
Q

which clinical alloy is a high noble type 4, high amount of paladium and used in metal and porcelain fused metals

A

Option

46
Q

which clinical alloy uses base metals

A

Odyssey

47
Q

product in dentistry made of calcium sulfate

A

gypsum

48
Q

what is the gypsum form without water

A

calcium sulfate hemihydrate

49
Q

what is the gypsum form with water

A

calcium sulfate dihydrate

50
Q

what kind of reaction is the reaction to form gypsum

A

exothermic

51
Q

how many types of dental gypsums are there and what ADA spec regulates it

A

there are 5 gypsums and spec #25

52
Q

when you add water to gypsum what does it give off

A

heat

53
Q

what is the most widely used dental gypsum

A

Type 3

54
Q

what type of gypsum is used to make wax patter and is much harder

A

type 4

55
Q

which type of gypsum is described as high strength, low expansion

A

type 4

56
Q

which type of gypsum is described as high strength high expansion

A

type 5

57
Q

gypsum has what type of expansion and what type of contraction

A

linear expansion and volumetric contraction

58
Q

Heating under ambient pressure in open vessel (calcining) produces

A

plaster

59
Q

Heating under increased pressure and steam produces

A

dental stone

60
Q

Heating under increased pressure and steam with CaCl2 produces

A

improved die stone

61
Q

how is setting time determined

A

using a needle and poking it causing penetration

62
Q

what is the watery slurry after trimming a cast

A

terra alba

63
Q

what is terra alba good for

A

accelerating setting time

64
Q

heat and humidity do what to the setting time

A

accelerates

65
Q

sodium citrate and sodium phosphate act as what for controlling a setting reaction

A

retarder, slows setting

66
Q

potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate act as what for controlling a setting reaction

A

accelerant

67
Q

blood, saliva, colloids (agar and alginate) act as what in a setting reaction

A

retarder

68
Q

what is The main difference between unreacted plaster and dental stone

A

density of the crystals

69
Q

describe the water to powder ratio in plaster, dental stone and die stone

A

lost of water in plaster and less water in dental stone and even less in die stone

70
Q

Soaking a cast in water will lead to what for the cast

A

softening of the cast

71
Q

what lessens solubility and minimizes dissolution of the cast surface after the cast is completed

A

soaking it in the slurry water

72
Q

what is common dental stone called in clinic

A

hydrocal

73
Q

what is common die stone used in clinic

A

densite

74
Q 
The incisal edges of the teeth in a dental model made with Hydrocal are chalky and friable. Speculated best cause is?
a) saliva left in impression
b) prolonged contact with alginate
c) too much spatulation
d) too little water in mix

A

too much spatulation

75
Q

Adding sodium citrate accelerates setting time.
Increased humidity prolongs setting time.
T/F

A

both false

76
Q

The type of gypsum product described as high strength and low expansion is?

A

Type 4

77
Q

what effects the size of the crystals in metal solidification

A

rate of cooling

78
Q

if you cool a solid solution slowly what kind of crystals do you get, small or large

A

large

79
Q

terra alba is made up of what two compounds

A

calcium sulfate and water

80
Q

why is Changing the W/P not a good means of changing the setting time

A

because tensile and compressive strength will decrease

81
Q

Increasing the spatulation speed will do what to setting time

A

decrease setting time

82
Q

what does NaCl increase and what does it decrease

A

increases expansion decreases setting time

Biomaterials (4 decks)

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