test 4 Flashcards
Greek Alphabet adopted from where
Miletos
Early example of Greek text, joking reference to Nestor of the Iliad
Cup of Nestor, from Pithekoussai,
Cultural centre of greek world - had museum and library
Alexandria
Produced lyric poetry from the island of lesbos
Sappho and Alkaios
Most famous female poet of ancient greece
Sappho
expansion on the Iliad and odyssey by other authors
Epics
Ekhidna
Mother of monsters
Philosophia
“love of knowledge”
Primary principle of matter is water
thales of miletos
Primary principle: “boundless (apeiron)”
Anaximander of Miletos
Earth floating in space unsupported, celestial bodies describe full circles around the Earth
Anaximander of Miletos
Primary principle: Air
all elements are air at different density
Anaximenes of Miletos
We can’t know anything about the gods with certainty, they are different and superior to humans.
Had an issue with Homer and Hesiod attributing immoral behaviour of man to the gods.
Xenophanes of Kolophon
No single element is the principle. Instead, there are interchange of opposites that
balance each other.
Herakleitos of Ephesos
Principle that regulates the cosmos is a rational Logos (‘word’) that can be understood with rational thinking and inquiry
Herakleitos of Ephesos
“You cannot step into the same river twice”
Herakleitos of Ephesos
Logic is only tool to know the world, observation is unreliable
Parmenides of Eleia
there is one single and unchanging reality that can be understood with reason
Parmenides of Eleia
Known for his paradoxes on the impossibility of motion (Achilles and tortoise, arrow paradox, etc)
Zeno
Everything produced by the mixing and separation of four elements and moved by the opposing forces of Strife and Love, which makes them separate and unite
Empedokles of Akragas
Atomist theory: matter made of invisible particles
for them to move, there needs to be void (space)
Demokritos of Abdera
Atomoi sg. Atomos
Indivisible
Led a community who had to follow strict rules around moral and dietary restrictions (math)
Pythagoras of Samos
Primary principle of early philosophy
use of logical reasoning to explain natural world without supernatural cause
