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MCB 3020 Vandy > Test 3 Vandy > Flashcards

Test 3 Vandy Flashcards

1
Q

Form of symbiosis where both organisms benefit

A

Mutualism

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2
Q

Converts N2 gas to Ammonia and is a type of Mutualism

A

Nitrogen fixation

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3
Q

Types of Lichen

A

Crustose-crust like
Foliose-leaf like
Fructicose-shrub like

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4
Q

Nitrogenase

A

Enzyme used in Nitrogen Fixation

Irreversibly destroyed in the presence of O2

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5
Q

Soil fungus that has mutualistic relationship with vascular plants
Penetrates cortical cells

A

Endomycorrhizae

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6
Q

Ex of Mutualism

A

Nfix, lichen, mycorrhizae, RUMINANTS, insects, protozoa, flashlight fish

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7
Q

Type of symbiosis one organism benefits while the other is harmed

A

Parasitism

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8
Q

Bdellovibrio

A

G-, curved rod that preys on other bacteria

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9
Q

Caused the Great Irish famine

A

Potato Blight

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10
Q

Type of symbiosis where on organism benefits while the other is unaffected

A

Commensalism

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11
Q

Quorum sensing in Vibrio fischeri

A

involves gene expression of light depending on the density of the population of bacteria

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12
Q

Inflammation symptoms

A

edema, erythema, pain and heat

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13
Q

Sequence of Infection

A 
Incubation-before symptoms
Illness
  prodromal-symptoms appear
  acute-symptoms peak
  decline-disease resolves
  convalescent-recovery
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14
Q

Toxoid**

A

Chemically inactivated exotoxins that have lost their toxicity

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15
Q

Example of Latent Infection

A

Herpes Simplex Virus

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16
Q

Collagenase

A

degrades collagen/muscle tissue

C. perfringes (gas gangrene)

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17
Q

Erythrogenic Toxin

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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18
Q

Sebaceous gland makes what antimicrobial agent

A

Sebum

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19
Q

Lysozyme

A

found in tears, saliva, and nasal secretions

breaks cell wall peptidoglycan

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20
Q

Quelleung Reaction

A

check for capsular swelling which indicates

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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21
Q

Basophils

A

release histamine

type of Granulocyte

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22
Q

Streptolysin O

A

Produced by S. pyogenes
inactivated by O2
causes WBC to release cytoplasmic granules

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23
Q

Staph aureus enterotoxins

A

heat stable and imply food intoxication

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24
Q

Diptheria toxin

A 
inhibits EGF2 in protein synthesis
Corynebacterium diptheriae (Babes ernst bodies)
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25
Q

Neurotoxin of C.Botulinum

A

blocks release of acetylcholine

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26
Q

Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay

A

detects endotoxins (cause septic shock)

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27
Q

Chains, G+, Beta hemolysis
Scarlet Fever
St Anthonys Fire aka Erysipelas

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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28
Q

Whooping Cough

A

Bordetella pertusis

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29
Q

Hemolytic urine syndrome

A

E. coli 0157:H7

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30
Q

Peptic Ulcers

A

Heliobacter pylori

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31
Q

Rice water stools, loss of 10-15L/day

A

Vibrio Cholerae (Cholera)

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32
Q

Bacillary dysentry

A

Shigella sonnei–>Shigellosis

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33
Q

Dental caries-enamel destruction- also causes plaque, capsule biofilms

A

Streptococcus mutans

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34
Q

Difference between Botulinum toxin vs Tetanus toxin

A

Fluid vs Spastic paralysis

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35
Q

Causes meningitis in children aged 2-60 months

A

Haemophilus influenzae strain b

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36
Q

Phase of Leprosy associated w/ loss of sensation

A

Tuberculoid phase

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37
Q

Nongonnococcal Urethritis NGU

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

Ureaplasma urealyticum

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38
Q

Pseudomembranous colitis

A

Clostridium difficile

39
Q

Toxic shock syndrome

A

Staphylococcus aureus

40
Q

Emerging infectious Disease

A

Hepatits C

blood bourne, tatoos

41
Q

Bacteroides

A

steric ANAEROBIC bacteria
in fecal matter
and in mouth

42
Q

Tabes dorsalis

A

tertiary stage of syphilis

Treponema pallidum

43
Q

Rocky Mountain fever, endemic/epidemic typhus, Boutonnese fever

A

Rickettsia

44
Q

Common source epidemic

A

group of people exposed at one time

45
Q

Propagated epidemic

A

infectious agent being passed on from one host to another via direct contact

46
Q

Event that began epidemiology

A

John Snow studied Vibrio cholerae contamination in London water 1854

47
Q

Infectious disease in horses that is fatal

48
Q

Hydrocarbon degrading bacteria

A

Pseudomonads

49
Q

Most common denitrifiers: converting nitrite to n2 gas

A

Pseudomonads

50
Q

Contain chitinases

A

Streptomyces

51
Q

Biological pesticide that inhibits mosquitos

A

Bacillus thuringeinsis

Bacillus popilliae

52
Q

Biochemical method of measuring sewage

A

COD/BOD

Chemical and Biochemical Oxygen Demand

53
Q

Leaching of Cu,Zn,U from sulfur containing ores

A

Thiobacillus ferroxidans

Thiobacillus thiooxidans

54
Q

Oxidation
Sulfur to sulfide
Sulfide to Sulfate

A

Oxidizing bacteria
Thiobacillus
Anaerobic green/purple phototrophic bacteria

55
Q

Reduction
Sulfate to sulfide
Sulfide to Sulfur

A

Reducing bacteria
Beggiatoa, Thiotrix
Desulfovibrio

56
Q

Ammonia to Nitrate
Nitrate to Nitrite
Nitrite to N2 gas

A

nitroso
nitro
pseudomonads
types of bacteria that do the reaction

57
Q

used to preserve milk

kills all non spore forming bacteria

A

Pasteurization

58
Q

Enzyme tested for to see if pasteurization was done properly

A

Phosphatase (not present in pasteurized milk)

59
Q

Yogurt Starter culture

A

Streptococcus thermophilus

Lactobacillus bulgaricus

60
Q

Meat starter culture

A

Pediococcus acidilactici

Staphylococcus carnosus

61
Q

Heating canned goods is done to

A

kill spores of Clostridium Botulinum

62
Q

A QC test organism for heating canned goods

A

Bacillus stearothermophilus

63
Q

Nitrite
Nitrate
does what in meat?

A

Inhibits Clostridium Botulinum

Gives red color

64
Q

Spoilage of chicken

A

Pseudomonas

65
Q

In chicken houses…infection of eggs

A

Salmonella

66
Q

Effects include stimulating the immune response, often see a stimulation in the production of IgA.

A

Probiotics

Lactic acid bacteria: Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. casei and Bifidobacterium bifidum.

67
Q

Sour mash whiskey

A

Lactobacillus delbrueckii

68
Q

Stone washed denims, fruit juice and olive oil extractions

A

Cellulases

69
Q

Glutamate

A

Corynebacterium glutamicum

70
Q

Citric acid

A

Aspegillus niger

71
Q

Lactic acid

A

Lactobacillus delbrueckii

72
Q

Dextrans homopolysacch

A

Leuconostoc dextranicum

73
Q

Xantham gum heteropolysacch

A

Xanthomonas campestris

74
Q

Vitamin b12

A

Propionibacterium freundenreichii

Propionibacterium shermanii

75
Q

Protease

A

B. subtilis

76
Q

Acidophilus milk

A

Lactobacillus acidophilus

77
Q

Penicillin

A

Penicillium chrysogenum

78
Q

Tetracyclines

A

Streptomyces aureofaciens, in production broth it will inhibit the producing strain, therefore it is precipitated from the medium during growth with calcium ions.

79
Q

Streptomycin

A

Streptomyces griseus

80
Q

Cephalosporins

A

Cephalosporium

81
Q

Dark purple seaweed used in food industry, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical business. ALGAE

A

Carrageenin

82
Q

Epstein-Barr virus

Varicella-zoster virus

A

Herpesviridae

83
Q

ornithosis-parrot fever

A

Chlamydia psittacosis

84
Q

Lyme disease

A

treatment is tetracycline
Borrelia burgdorferi
bulls eye

85
Q

Scalded skin syndrome

A

toxin: exofoliatin

S. aureus

86
Q

Leprosy aka Hansen disease

A

Mycobacterium leprae

87
Q

Typhoid fever

A

Salmonella typhi

88
Q

anaerobic. common in oral cavity causes periodontal disease.

A

Fusobacterium

89
Q

rod shaped to filamentous bacteria
ACID FAST->huge amount of lipids in cell wall
Cause tuberculosis and leprosy

A

Mycobacterium

90
Q

Intestinal parasite acquired through drinking water

A

Giardia lamblia

91
Q

Oral thrush

92
Q

Plasmodium

93
Q

Orthomyoxviridae

94
Q

polio

A

Picornaviridae

MCB 3020 Vandy (3 decks)

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