Test 3 Review Flashcards
Upper respiratory tract
Nose
Pharynx
Lower respiratory tract
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
Conducting zone
Involved with bringing air to the site of external respiration consistent s of nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi,
Bronchioles, terminal bronchioles
Respiratory zone
Main site of gas exchange
Consists of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and avioli.
Passage of air through respiratory tract
Nasal cavity Pharynx Larynx Trachea Primary bronchi Secondary bronchi Tertiary bronchi Bronchioles Alveoli
Pharynx (throat)
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Conducts food toward the esophagus
Larynx (voice box)
Composed of 9 pieces of cartilage
Short passageway connecting laryngopharynx with trachea(windpipe)
Have true and false vocal cords
Epiglottis
Guards windpipe during swallowing
Prevents food from entering respiratory passage
Heimlich menovor, fist between navel and bottom of rib cage. Go in and up in a swift movement
Trachea
Windpipe
Tube 4-5 inches long
Splits at carina
Tracheostomy(hole into trachea to restore air flow)
Pleural membrane
Encloses each lung
Double layered
Elastic recoil
Lungs do not expand
Surface tension
Lungs are not sufficiently lubricated
3 steps of respiration
Ventilation or breathing
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood
Respiration
One inhalation and one exhalation = 1 respiration
Average 14-20 breaths per minute
Boyle’s law
pressure and volume in lungs is always constant.
Muscles associated with breathing
Diaphragm
External and internal intercostal muscles
Phrenic nerve
Inervates the diaphragm
Intercostal nerve
Serves external and internal intercostal muscles
Pulse oximeter
Determine oxygen in blood
Needs to be 95% or better
Brain areas that control respiration
Medulla and pons
Pulmonary volume
Amount of air moved into and out of lungs
Internal respiration
Air exchange between alveoli and blood
Surfactant
Substance released from type to cells that prevent the alveoli from collapsing
Parotid glands
Salivary gland located by the ear
Largest
