Test 3 Review Flashcards
Test 3 Review
What are the major layers of the earth?
Crust, mantle, core, Lithosphere and asthenosphere
What are methods to examine earths interior?
-Geophysics(seismic waves)
-Remnants (Coring, Ophiolites, Xenoliths)
-Experiments
-Meteorites
What is the difference between P and S waves?
-P waves (Compressional)
-S waves (Shear, can travel through liquid)
What are gravity corrections?
-Latitude change
-Free air anomaly
-Bouger Anomaly
Plate Definition
Unit of lithosphere that moves as a unit
What is evidence of seafloor spreading?
-Magnetic striping
-Age of crust
-Depth of crust
-sediment thickness
-Hot spots
- island chains
What is a geoid?
Surface of equal gravity
Divergent
Plates spread apart
Convergent
Plates Move towards each other
Transform
Plates slide past each other
Evidence for subduction
-earthquakes
-Volcanoes
-gravity
Sediment types in divergent margins
red beds, evaporates, reef carbonates, deltaic terrigenous sediments
Why thick deposits in divergent margins
-subsidence (cooling & sed weight)
-Sediment damming (basin highs, reefs, salt
diapirs)
Features in Convergent margins?
trench, wedge, forearc basin, island arc, back arc basin
Processes that happen at convergent margins?
under-thrusting and back arc spreading
For creating the wilson cycle what are the 3 factors
-Rifting(Rift valleys/lakes)
-Young ocean (ridges)
-Mature Ocean (Ridges/wide cont. margins)
What is the driving forces of plates?
-ridge push
-Slab pull
-Suction
For the destruction of the wilson cycle what 3 things happen
-Subduction (ridges, trenches, island arcs)
-Closing (Trenches, Volcanoes)
-Collision (Mountains)
