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102 > test 3 from prep session > Flashcards

test 3 from prep session Flashcards

1
Q

who is considered the founder of democracy

A

Solon the lawgiver

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2
Q

how many classes were they divided into based on wealth

A

4

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3
Q

underlying principle of democracy

A

the state is run by all citizens equally

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4
Q

Reforms of Kleisthenes

A

10 phylai (Tribes)
○ New 10 month civic calendar
○ Boule of the 500

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5
Q

word for equality of all under the law

A

isonomia

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6
Q

word for equal right to speak

A

isegoria

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7
Q

otanes

A

democracy (equal citizens)

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8
Q

Megabyzos

A

oligarchy (few rule)

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9
Q

dareios

A

monarchy (best man rules)

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10
Q

Boule

A

council of the 500. 30+ years old. prepared proposals for assembly

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11
Q

Tholos

A

A round building in the Agora

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12
Q

who must attend Ekklesia

A

all Athenian males 18+

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13
Q

where did they meet and how often for Ekklesia

A

4 times a month at Pnyx hill

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14
Q

how many people need to attend Ekklesia

A

6000

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15
Q

what was red rope for

A

encourage participation and lead citizens idling in Agora away

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16
Q

who received salary at Ekklesia

A

Magistrates, jurors and members of the assembly

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17
Q

Archons

A

9 of them for different matters

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18
Q

Arkhon eponymous

A

gave a name to the year, dealt with
family matters

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19
Q

all officials were elected by lot except for which

A

Strategos (pl. strategoi): he was elected by the assembly

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20
Q

Dokimasia

A

Preliminary scrutiny of the magistrates

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21
Q

final part of becoming a magistrate

A

swore an oath on a stone in the Agora

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22
Q

who are the Eleven

A

body of magistrates in charge of order/punishment

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23
Q

Kerux

A

a herald.
○ They were sent by the Ekklesia, delivered messages outside of the city

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24
Q

at jury courts: how many jurors were there, how long did they serve, how old were they, and how were they chosen

A

At least 6000 jurors, 30+ yrs old, serve for one year, selected by lot

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25
Q

Dike

A

lawsuit.
○ This can ONLY be brought by the victims or their legal representatives

26
Q

Graphe

A

public suit.
○ This can be brought by any male citizen in good standing

27
Q

how were penalties chosen

A

each litigant would propose one and the jurors would vote on punishment, would not compromise.

28
Q

people laying charges constantly for frivolous matters

A

The Sukophantes

29
Q

where were laws displayed

A

public spaces

30
Q

Salary of the jurors

A

Jurors would exchange lead token to receive salary

31
Q

2 kinds of liturgy

A

festival and trierarchy

32
Q

Trierarchy liturgy

A

maintain and command a state
warship (trireme) out of his own pocket

33
Q

festival liturgy

A

the sponsorship of teams. The most important of these was Khoregia, which
is the production of a chorus for theatrical productions

34
Q

how did they avoid liturgy

A

one would challenge someone more wealthy in court to either take their
liturgy OR exchange property with them (If the wealthier person refused, it was evidence that they had wealth and valuable property)

35
Q

Eisphora

A

Property tax. Generally taken at times of war

36
Q

Delian league

A

alliance to prevent future persian attacks

37
Q

phoros

A

cash tribute paid by members of delian league

38
Q

Kleruchs/Cleruch

A

settled in overseas territories as an Athenian influence
(remained Athenian citizens)

39
Q

what makes reference to the greed and corruption of the Athenian
officials when they dealt with ally cities

A

Aristophanes’ The Birds

40
Q

how long did peace agreements last

A

30 years

41
Q

Linothorax

A

Layers of linen cloth glued together
○ Cheaper form of armour

42
Q

primary weapon

A

the spear

43
Q

what were Thebans best known for

A

military tactics

44
Q

light-armed soldiers

A

Psiloi

45
Q

armed with a light crescent shield, javelins and swords, they took their name from their shields

A

Peltasts

46
Q

Xenophon

A

Famous Greek historian
○ Also a mercenary soldier despite being a high-class citizen

47
Q

what came when Military engineers were later hired for siegecraft and warfare

A

○ Catapult invented at this time
○ Invented for the service of Dionysius of Syracuse

48
Q

Trireme

A

3 levels of rowers, not a cargo ship,

49
Q

faults of trireme

A

not good in rough weather, expensive, need many well trained crew and captain

50
Q

what forced Athens to become a sea power

A

Themistokles convinced
Athenians to use money from the silver
mines to build 200 new ships

51
Q

what happened before the Battle of Salamis

A

oracle of Delphi tells the Athens to build a wooden wall

52
Q

Thetes

A

lower income athenians

53
Q

Areopagus council

A

a law court for most serious crimes, mad up of past Arkhons

54
Q

a herald that sent messages from ekklesia

A

Kerux

55
Q

Peltasts

A

armed with a light crescent shield, javelins and swords, they took their name from their shields

56
Q

Psiloi

A

light-armed soldiers

57
Q

cheaper armour

A

linothorax

58
Q

preliminary scrutiny of magistrates

A

Dokimasia

59
Q

who gave a name to the year

A

Arkhon eponymous

60
Q

greek word for democracy

A

otanes

61
Q

greek word for oligarchy

A

megabyzos

62
Q

greek word for monarchy

A

dareios

102 (8 decks)

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