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Pharmacology > TEST 3 > Flashcards

TEST 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Bile Acid Sequestrants

A

Cholestyramine
Colestipol
Colesevelam

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2
Q

Statins

A

Atorvastatin
Simvastatin
Lovastatin
pravastatin

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3
Q

Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors

A

Ezetimibe

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4
Q

Fenofibrates

A

Gemfibrizil

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5
Q

Ezetimibe drug-drug

A

fenofibrates - increased risk gallstones

warfarin - elevated serum warfarin

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6
Q

Thiazide drug-drug interaction

A

Bile acid sequestrates - take 1 hour apart
Digoxin - increased digoxin toxicity
Antidiabetic agents - lessen effect of antidiabetic

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7
Q

Loop diuretic cautions

A

Gout
Diabetes
SLE
Renal disease

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8
Q

Loop drug-drug interactions

A

anticoagulants - more bleeding

NSAIDS - become less effective

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9
Q

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor example

A

Acetazolamide

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10
Q

Acetazolamide indications

A

Glaucoma

ASA overdose

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11
Q

Acetazolamide cautions

A

renal
hepatic
emphysema/lung disease

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12
Q

Spironolactone contraindications

A

hyperkalemia
renal disease
anuria

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13
Q

sprionolactone drug-drug

A

salicylates - decreased diruresis

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14
Q

Osmotic diuretic example

A

Mannitol

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15
Q

Mannitol contraindications

A 
renal disease
anuria
pulmonary congestion
intracranial bleeding
dehydration
CHF
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16
Q

Urinary tract antispasmodics

A

Oxybutynin

Mirabegron

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17
Q

UT antispasmodic contraindications

A

recent surgery
pyloric or duodenal obstruction
obstructive UT problem

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18
Q

UT antispasmodic caution

A

renal
hepatic
glaucoma

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19
Q

UT analgesic

A

Phenazopyridine

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20
Q

Bladder protectant

A

Pentosan polysulfate sodium

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21
Q

Pentosan polysulfate sodium contraindication

A

bleeding condition

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22
Q

Pentoasan polysulfate caution

A

hepatic

splenic

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23
Q

alpha-adrenergic blocker

A

doxazosin

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24
Q

Block testosterone drug for BPH

A

Finasteride

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25
Q

Cautions for BPH drugs

A

hepatic

renal

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26
Q

H2 antagonists

A

cimetidine
ranitidine
famotidine
nizatidine

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27
Q

cimetidine AE

all H2s AE

A

can cross blood brain barrier
gynecomastia

cardiac arrhythmias
tachy
hypo

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28
Q

Antacids

A

Sodium bicarb
calcium carb
magnesium salts
aluminum salts

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29
Q

aluminum salt specific ae

A

constipation

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30
Q

magnesium salt specific ae

31
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitors

A 
Lansoprazole
Esomeprazole
Omeprazole
Pantoprazole
Rabeprazole
Dexlansoprazole
32
Q

When to take PPIs

A

before meals

33
Q

When to take antacids

A

1-3 hours PC

HS

34
Q

Sucralfate contraindication

A

renal failure

35
Q

When to take sucralfate

A

1 hour AC

HS

36
Q

Sucralfate drug-drug

A

Dont take antacids within 30-60 min sucralfate

37
Q

Digestive enzyme supplements

A

saliva substitute

pancrelipase

38
Q

Caution for pancrelipase

A

gout

renal disease

39
Q

When to take pancrelipase

A

with meals

40
Q

Types of laxatives

A

Chemical stim
bulk stim
osmotic stim
lubricants

41
Q

chemical stimulant lax

A

castor oil
cascara
bisacodyl

42
Q

Bulk stim lax

43
Q

osmotic stim lax

A

mag citrate

miralax

44
Q

lubricants lax

A

mineral oil

docusate

45
Q

GI stimulant example

A

Metoclopramide

46
Q

GI stim contraindication

A

obstruction

47
Q

Metoclopramide AE

A

decreased BP and HR
EPS
Fatigue

48
Q

When to take metoclopramide

A

15 min AC

HS

49
Q

Antidiarrheal drugs

A

bismuth subsalicylate

loperamide

50
Q

antidiarrheal drug-drug

A

ASA - some contain ASA

51
Q

Centrally acting antiemetics (2 types)

A
  1. nonphenothiazines

2. serotonin (5-HT3) blockers

52
Q

Nonphenothiazine example

A

metoclopramide

53
Q

5 HT3 receptor blocker examples

A

dolasetron
Granisetron
Ondansetron
palonosetron

54
Q

antiemetic warning

A

don’t take with alcohol or other CNS depressants

55
Q

Adrenocortical agents (2 types)

A
  1. glucocorticoids

2. mineralcorticoids

56
Q

Actions of adrenocortical hormones

A
  1. increase blood volume
  2. suppress immune system
  3. slow rate of protein production
  4. release glucose
57
Q

Glucocorticoids examples (2)

A

Prednisose

methylprednisolone

58
Q

Prednisone’s mineralocorticoid action

A

Na+ retention and water retention

59
Q

Glucocorticoids caution

A

diabetes

acute peptic ulcer

60
Q

When to administer glucocorticoids

A

daily in AM

61
Q

Mineralcorticoid examples

A

Fludrocortisone

hydrocortisone

62
Q

Mineralcorticoid contrainddications

A

hypertension
CHF
Cardiac disease

63
Q

Mineralocorticoid caution

A

high sodium intake

64
Q

mineralocorticoid important assessemnt

A

hypokalemia

65
Q

Antithyroid agents

66
Q

PTU caution

67
Q

Insulin drug-drug interaction

A

beta-blockers - mask hypoglycemia

68
Q

Sulfonylurea example

69
Q

Nonsulfonylureas example

70
Q

Metformin important consideration

A

hold if given diagnostic contrast –> renal failure

71
Q

ondansetron specific contraindication

72
Q

antiemetic important assessment

73
Q

common side effect antiemetics

A

photosensitivity

Pharmacology (8 decks)

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