TEST 3 Flashcards by Trevor Arthur

Bile Acid Sequestrants

Cholestyramine
Colestipol
Colesevelam

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Statins

Atorvastatin
Simvastatin
Lovastatin
pravastatin

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Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors

Ezetimibe

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Fenofibrates

Gemfibrizil

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Ezetimibe drug-drug

fenofibrates - increased risk gallstones

warfarin - elevated serum warfarin

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Thiazide drug-drug interaction

Bile acid sequestrates - take 1 hour apart
Digoxin - increased digoxin toxicity
Antidiabetic agents - lessen effect of antidiabetic

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Loop diuretic cautions

Gout
Diabetes
SLE
Renal disease

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Loop drug-drug interactions

anticoagulants - more bleeding

NSAIDS - become less effective

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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor example

Acetazolamide

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Acetazolamide indications

Glaucoma

ASA overdose

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Acetazolamide cautions

renal
hepatic
emphysema/lung disease

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Spironolactone contraindications

hyperkalemia
renal disease
anuria

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sprionolactone drug-drug

salicylates - decreased diruresis

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Osmotic diuretic example

Mannitol

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Mannitol contraindications

renal disease
anuria
pulmonary congestion
intracranial bleeding
dehydration
CHF

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Urinary tract antispasmodics

Oxybutynin

Mirabegron

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UT antispasmodic contraindications

recent surgery
pyloric or duodenal obstruction
obstructive UT problem

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UT antispasmodic caution

renal
hepatic
glaucoma

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UT analgesic

Phenazopyridine

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Bladder protectant

Pentosan polysulfate sodium

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Pentosan polysulfate sodium contraindication

bleeding condition

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Pentoasan polysulfate caution

hepatic

splenic

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alpha-adrenergic blocker

doxazosin

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Block testosterone drug for BPH

Finasteride

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Cautions for BPH drugs

hepatic | renal

H2 antagonists

cimetidine ranitidine famotidine nizatidine

cimetidine AE all H2s AE

can cross blood brain barrier gynecomastia cardiac arrhythmias tachy hypo

Antacids

Sodium bicarb calcium carb magnesium salts aluminum salts

aluminum salt specific ae

constipation

magnesium salt specific ae

diarrhea

Proton Pump Inhibitors

``` Lansoprazole Esomeprazole Omeprazole Pantoprazole Rabeprazole Dexlansoprazole ```

When to take PPIs

before meals

When to take antacids

1-3 hours PC | HS

Sucralfate contraindication

renal failure

When to take sucralfate

1 hour AC | HS

Sucralfate drug-drug

Dont take antacids within 30-60 min sucralfate

Digestive enzyme supplements

saliva substitute | pancrelipase

Caution for pancrelipase

gout | renal disease

When to take pancrelipase

with meals

Types of laxatives

Chemical stim bulk stim osmotic stim lubricants

chemical stimulant lax

castor oil cascara bisacodyl

Bulk stim lax

psyllium

osmotic stim lax

mag citrate | miralax

lubricants lax

mineral oil | docusate

GI stimulant example

Metoclopramide

GI stim contraindication

obstruction

Metoclopramide AE

decreased BP and HR EPS Fatigue

When to take metoclopramide

15 min AC | HS

Antidiarrheal drugs

bismuth subsalicylate | loperamide

antidiarrheal drug-drug

ASA - some contain ASA

Centrally acting antiemetics (2 types)

1. nonphenothiazines | 2. serotonin (5-HT3) blockers

Nonphenothiazine example

metoclopramide

5 HT3 receptor blocker examples

dolasetron Granisetron Ondansetron palonosetron

antiemetic warning

don't take with alcohol or other CNS depressants

Adrenocortical agents (2 types)

1. glucocorticoids | 2. mineralcorticoids

Actions of adrenocortical hormones

1. increase blood volume 2. suppress immune system 3. slow rate of protein production 4. release glucose

Glucocorticoids examples (2)

Prednisose | methylprednisolone

Prednisone's mineralocorticoid action

Na+ retention and water retention

Glucocorticoids caution

diabetes | acute peptic ulcer

When to administer glucocorticoids

daily in AM

Mineralcorticoid examples

Fludrocortisone | hydrocortisone

Mineralcorticoid contrainddications

hypertension CHF Cardiac disease

Mineralocorticoid caution

high sodium intake

mineralocorticoid important assessemnt

hypokalemia

Antithyroid agents

PTU

PTU caution

hepatic

Insulin drug-drug interaction

beta-blockers - mask hypoglycemia

Sulfonylurea example

glyburide

Nonsulfonylureas example

Metformin

Metformin important consideration

hold if given diagnostic contrast --> renal failure

ondansetron specific contraindication

pregnancy

antiemetic important assessment

neuro

common side effect antiemetics

photosensitivity