Test 3 Flashcards
What is local anesthesia used for ?
- Anesthetizes the lower vagina and part of the perineum
- Provides anesthesia for an episiotomy and vaginal birth
- Mother feels pressure.
What does the nurse do during and after an episiotomy?
- promote gradual stretching of perineum during second stage (perineum massage)
- delay pushing until the urge is felt
- push with an open glottis
- observe for hematoma and edema
Name the two techniques for an episiotomy?
- median
- mediolateral
What 2 kind of drugs are given to dcrease the severity of respiratory distress syndrom in the premature neonate?
- Tocolytics
- Corticosteroids
What are the indications for a cesarean birth?
- dystocia
- cephalopelvic disproportion
- HTN
- maternal diseases
- active genital herpes
- fetal distress
- umbilical cord prolapse
- some previous uterine surgical procedures
- persistent non reassuring FHR pattersn
- prolapsed umbilical cord
- fetal malpresentations
- hemorrhagic conditions
Predisposing factors for a Prolapsed of cord
- ROM
- Shoulder and foot presentations
- Prematurity
- Polyhydraminos
- CPD (large head)
- Breach presentation
- Placenta previa
begins 2-3 days after birth and last about 10 days, usually called transitional milk
lactogenesis II
How can a provider determine true membrane rupture?
- Perform a sterile speculum exam to look for a pool of fluid near the cervix
- Ph swab (amniotic fluid is alkali/ urine is acidic)
- Fern test
- Amnisure test (99% accurate)
Because the medication given during an epidural/spinal causes vasodilation, a nurse must watch for
Hypotension
Risks to operative vaginal birth:
- trauma to maternal and fetal tissues
- hematoma of the vagina
- fetus may have bruising, facial nerve injury, clavicular fractures, cephlahematoma
Advantages to non-pharmacologic pain management
- Non systemic
- Doesn’t effect fetus
- Doesn’t effect labor
- ## Non allergy contraindications
infant crying peaks at ____ weeks and decreases at __ months
6 weeks
3 months
What is the effect of the maternal diet on breast milk?
- fatty acid content influenced by maternal diet
- protein, carbs, and mineral content are the same in a malnourished mother
- vitamins levels are affected by maternal intake and stores
- balanced diet important for breastfeeding women.
lactogenesis is defined as:
the composition of breast milk that changes in three phases
Stimulation of the _________ receptors causes uterine and generalized ____________.
- Alpha
- Vasocontriction
When a women is at risk for a preterm birth, when and what medication is given to help the lungs begin to increase surfactant production and speed maturation
- betamethasone is given prior to 34 weeks
What is a major risk for an amniotomy? What are other risks?
MAJOR = prolapsed cord
- Infection
- Abruptio placenta
Peristalsis in newborns is _______
rapid - twice as fast
the ______, in which infants push the tongue out against anything that touches it, continues until about ____.
extrusion reflex
4-6 months of age
Intervention for a spinal headache includes the use of __________ & Tylenol first and then a __________.
- Alot Caffeine
- blood patch
Why are newborns unable to synthesize vitamin K?
- B/c Vitamin K is synthesized in the intestines, but food and normal intestinal flora are necessary for this process. At birth the intestines are sterile and therefore unable to produce vitamin K
The most common cause of jaundice in breastfed infants is _____________.
Insufficient intake
What are the two types of versions?
- external
- internal
what are some newborn screening tests?
- hearing
- phenylketonuria
- hypothyroidism
- galactosemia
- hemoglobinopathies
- congenital adrenal hyperplasia