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Medical Terminology For Health Professions > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

-cele

A

hernia

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2
Q

cyst/o

A

urinary bladder

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3
Q

dia-

A

complete or through

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4
Q

-ectasis

A

enlargement

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5
Q

glomerul/o

A

glomerui

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6
Q

lith/o

A

stone

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7
Q

-lysis

A

seperation

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8
Q

nephr/o

A

kidneys

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9
Q

-pexy

A

surgical fixation

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10
Q

-tripsy

A

crush

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11
Q

ur/o

A

urine

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12
Q

ureter/o

A

ureters

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13
Q

urethr/o

A

urethra

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14
Q

-uria

A

urine

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15
Q

ablation

A

used to describe some treatments of prostate cancer, describes the removal of a body part or the destruction of its function by surgery, hormones, drugs, heat, chemicals, electrocautery, or other methods.

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16
Q

anuria

A

absense of urine formation by the kidneys

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17
Q

beign prostatic hypertrophy

A

the abnormal enlargement of the prostate gland that occurs most often in men over age 50; condition makes urination difficult

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18
Q

catheterization

A

withdraws urine for diagnostic purposes, to control incontinence, or to place fluid into the bladder

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19
Q

cystitis

A

inflammation of the bladder

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20
Q

cystocele

A

“fallen bladder”; hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall

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21
Q

cystolith

A

stone located within the urinary bladder

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22
Q

cystopexy

A

surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall

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23
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

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24
Q

cystoscopy

A

visual examination of the urinary bladder using a cystoscope

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25
Q

dialysis

A

procedure to remove waste products from the blood of a patient whose kidneys no longer function

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26
Q

diuresis

A

the increased output of urine

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27
Q

enuresis

A

involuntary discharge of urine

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28
Q

epispadias

A

congentital abnormality of the urethral opening

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29
Q

extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy

A

the destruction of stones with use of high-energy ultrasonic waves traveling through water or gel

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30
Q

glomerulonephritis

A

“Bright’s disease”; type of kidney disease caused by inflammination of the glomeruli that causes red blood cells and proteins to leak into urine

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31
Q

hemodialysis

A

process by which waste products are filtered directly from the patient’s blood

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32
Q

hydronephrosis

A

the dialation (swelling) of one or both kidneys

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33
Q

hydroureter

A

the distention of the ureter with urine that can’t flow because the ureter is blocked

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34
Q

hyperproteinuria

A

the presence of abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine

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35
Q

hypoproteinemia

A

the presence of abnormally low concentrations of protein in the blood

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36
Q

hypospadias

A

congential abnormality of the urethral opening

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37
Q

incontinence

A

the inability to control the excretion of urine and feces

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38
Q

interstital cystitis

A

chronic inflammination within the walls of the bladder

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39
Q

intravenous pyelogram

A

radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters; excretory urography

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40
Q

lithotomy

A

surgical incision for the removal of a stone from the bladder

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41
Q

nephrectasis

A

distention of the pelvis of the kidney

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42
Q

nephrolith

A

kidney stone

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43
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

describes the prescence of stones in the kidney

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44
Q

nephrolysis

A

freeing of the kidney from adhesions

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45
Q

nephropathy

A

disease of the kidney

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46
Q

nephroptosis

A

“floating kidney”; prolapse of a kidney

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47
Q

nephropyosis

A

“pyonephrosis”; suppuration of the kidney

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48
Q

nephrostomy

A

establishment of an opening from the pelvis of the kidney to the exterior of the body

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49
Q

nephrotic syndrome

A

condition in which very high levels of protein are lost in the urine and abnormally low levels of protein are present in the blood

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50
Q

neurogenic bladder

A

urinary problem caused by interference with the normal nerve pathways assoicated with urination

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51
Q

nocturia

A

excessive urination during the night

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52
Q

nocturnal euresis

A

urinary incontinence during sleep; bed-wetting

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53
Q

oliguria

A

scanty urination

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54
Q

percutaneous nephrolithotomy

A

performed by making a small incision in the back and inserting a nephroscope to crush and remove a kidney stone

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55
Q

peritoneal dialysis

A

lining of peritoneal cavity acts as the filter to remove waste from the blood

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56
Q

polycystic kidney disease

A

genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys

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57
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urination

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58
Q

prostate-specific antigen

A

a bllod test used to screen for prostate cancer

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59
Q

prostatism

A

condition of having symptoms resulting from compression or obstruction of the urethra due to benign prostatic hypertrophy

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60
Q

pyeloplasty

A

surgical repair of the renal pelvis

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61
Q

pyelotomy

A

surgical incision into the renal pelvis

62
Q

suprapubic catheterization

A

placement of a catheter into the bladder through a small incision made through the abdominal wall just above the pubic bone

63
Q

uremia

A

toxic condition resulting from renal failure in which kidney function is compromised and urea is retained in the blood

64
Q

ureterectasis

A

distention of a ureter

65
Q

ureterolith

A

stone located along the ureter

66
Q

ureterorrhagia

A

the discharge of blood from the ureter

67
Q

ureterorrhaphy

A

surgical suturing of a ureter

68
Q

urethritis

A

inflammination of the urethra

69
Q

urethropexy

A

surgical fixation of the urethra

70
Q

urethrorrhagia

A

bleeding from the urethrea

71
Q

urethrostenosis

A

narrowing of the urethra

72
Q

urethrostomy

A

surgical creation of a permanent opening between the urethra and the skin

73
Q

vesicovaginal fistula

A

abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina that allows the constant flow of urine from the bladder into the vagina

74
Q

voiding cystourethrography

A

diagnostic procedure in which a fluroscope is used to examine the flow of urine from the bladder and through the urethra

75
Q

Wilms tumor

A

malignant tumor of the kidney that occurs in young children

76
Q

caus/o

A

burning

77
Q

concuss/o

A

shaken together

78
Q

contus/o

A

bruise

79
Q

encephal/o

A

brain

80
Q

-esthesia

A

sensation or feeling

81
Q

esthet/o

A

feeling

82
Q

-graphy

A

process of producing picture or record

83
Q

klept/o

A

steal

84
Q

-mania

A

madness

85
Q

mening/o

A

meninges

86
Q

myel/o

A

spinal chord or bone marrow

87
Q

neur/i, neur/o

A

nerves

88
Q

-phobia

A

abnormal fear

89
Q

psych/o

A

mind

90
Q

-tropic

A

having an affinity for

91
Q

acrophobia

A

fear of high places

92
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

groups of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language; marked by progressive deterioration that affects both the memory and reasoning capabilities of an individual

93
Q

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

A

“Lou Gehrig’s disease”; rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responisible for controlling voluntary muscles

94
Q

anesthetic

A

medication used to induce anesthesia

95
Q

anesthetist

A

medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia, but not a physician

96
Q

anxiety disorders

A

mental conditions characterized by excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations, or fear that is out of proportion to the real danger in a situation

97
Q

autism

A

group of conditions in which a young child can’t develop normal social relationships, compulsively follows repetitive routines, and frequently has poor communication skills

98
Q

Bell’s palsy

A

temporary paralysis of the 7th cranial nerve that causes paralysis only of the affected side of the face

99
Q

carotid ultrasonography

A

ultrasound study of carotid artery

100
Q

causalgia

A

persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve

101
Q

cerebral contusion

A

brusining of brain tissue as result of head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the ridgid bone of skull

102
Q

cerebral palsy

A

condition characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects, and other neurologic deficiencies due to damage that affects the cerebrum

103
Q

cerebrovascular accident

A

stroke or CVA; damage to brain that occurs when blood flow is disrupted because blood vessel is either blocked or ruptured

104
Q

cervical radiculopathy

A

the nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region

105
Q

claustrophobia

A

fear of being in narrow or enclosed spaces

106
Q

cognition

A

mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory

107
Q

coma

A

state of unconsciousness marked by no eye movements, no reponse to pain, and lack of speech

108
Q

concussion

A

violent shaking/jarring of brain

109
Q

cranial hematoma

A

collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain

110
Q

delirium

A

acute condition of confusion, disorentation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation, and hallucinations

111
Q

delirium tremens

A

disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol

112
Q

delusion

A

false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof/evidence to the contrary

113
Q

dementia

A

slowly progressive decline in mental abilities, includding memory, thinking, and judgment, that is often accompanied by personality changes

114
Q

dura mater

A

thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges

115
Q

dyslexia

A

learning disability where the brain is unable to process symbols

116
Q

echoencephalography

A

the use of ultrasound imaging to diagnose a shift in the midline structures of the brain

117
Q

electroencephalography

A

the process of recording the electrical activity of the brain through the use of electrodes attached to the scalp

118
Q

encephalitis

A

inflammination of the brain, can be caused by viral infection such as rabies

119
Q

epidural anthesthesia

A

regional anesthesia produced by injecting a local anesthesia into the epidural space of the lumbar or sacral region of the spine

120
Q

epilepsy

A

chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severity

121
Q

facitious disorder

A

condition in which an individual acts as if he/she has a physical or mental illness when he/she isn’t really sick

122
Q

Guillain-Barre syndrome

A

inflammination of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that can lead to temporary paralysis

123
Q

hallucination

A

sensory perception (sight, sound, touch, smell, or taste) experienced in the absence of an external stimulation.

124
Q

hemorrhagic stroke

A

“bleed”; blood vessel in the brain leaks; also occurs when an aneurysm within the brain ruptures

125
Q

hydrocephalus

A

condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumalates in the ventricles of the brain

126
Q

hyperesthesia

A

condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other snesory stimuli

127
Q

hypochondriasis

A

characterized by fearing that one has a serious illness despite seeing a doctor and being told otherwise

128
Q

ischemic stroke

A

most common type of stroke in older people, occurs when flow of blood to the brain is blocked

129
Q

lethargy

A

lowered level of consciousness marked by listleness, drowsiness, and apathy

130
Q

meningitis

A

inflammination of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord

131
Q

meningocele

A

congenital herniation of the meninges through a defect in the skull or spinal column

132
Q

migraine headache

A

throbbing pain on one side of the head; affect primarily women, are accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light or sound

133
Q

multiple sclerosis

A

progressive autoimmunes disorder characterized by inflammination that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath

134
Q

myelitis

A

inflammination of the spinal cord

135
Q

myelography

A

radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture

136
Q

narcolepsy

A

sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day

137
Q

neurotransmitters

A

chemical substances that make it possible for messages to cross from the synapse of a neuron to the target receptor

138
Q

obsessive-compulsive disorder

A

anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, unwanted obsessions (repetitive thoughts or impulses) or compulsions (unwanted impulses to act)

139
Q

painc attack

A

group of intense emotional feelings that include apprehension, ferfulness, and terror

140
Q

paresthesia

A

burning or prickling sensation that is usually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet, but can occur elsewhere in the body

141
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

chronic, degenerative centeral nervous disorder chracterized by fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and a slow or shuffling gait

142
Q

peripheral neuropathy

A

disorder of the nerves that carry information to and from the brain and spinal cord

143
Q

PTSD: Posttraumatic stress disorder

A

may develop after an event involving actual or threatened death or injury to the individual or someone else, during which the person felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror

144
Q

Reye’s syndrome

A

potentially or deadly disorder in children that is characterized by vomiting and confusion; syndrome usually follows a viral illness in which the child was treated with aspirin

145
Q

schizophrenia

A

psychotic disorder characterized by withdrawel from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions, and hallucinations, and accompanied in varying degrees by other emotional, behavioral, or intellectual disturbances

146
Q

sciatic

A

inflammination of the sciatic nerve that results in pain, burning, and tingling along the course of the affected sciatic nerve through the thigh, leg, and foot

147
Q

shaken baby syndrome

A

a child being violently shaken by someone; can cause brain injury, blindness, fractures, seizures, paralysis, and death

148
Q

syncope

A

fainting; brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain

149
Q

trichotillomania

A

disorder characterized by the repeated pulling out of one’s hair

150
Q

trigeminal neuralgia

A

characterized by severe lighting-like pain due to an inflammination of the 5th cranial nerve

Medical Terminology For Health Professions (2 decks)

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