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Psych 101 > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

A
  • Physiological needs
  • Safety needs
  • belongingness and love needs
  • esteem needs
  • self actualization needs
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2
Q

What are the needs for physiological?

A

Hunger and thirst

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3
Q

What are the needs for safety?

A

Need to feel safe, secure, and stable.

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4
Q

What are the needs for belongingness and love?

A

Need to love and be loved, to be accepted.

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5
Q

What are the needs for esteem?

A

Need for self-esteem, achievement, competence, respect from others

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6
Q

What are the needs for self actualization?

A

Need to live up to one’s fullest and unique potential.

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7
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

Balanced internal state

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8
Q

What are the 3 factors of homeostasis?

A
  1. Temperature
  2. Blood glucose
  3. Water level
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9
Q

What does temperature do in homeostasis?

A

Cold = blood vessel constriction

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10
Q

What does blood glucose do in the process of homeostasis?

A

Triggers hunger

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11
Q

What does water level do in the process of homeostasis?

A

Triggers thirst

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12
Q

Met through drive reduction (arousal state that drives the organism to reduce the need)

A

Physiological needs

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13
Q

What affects our motivations?

A
  1. Internal state
  2. Incentives- external
  3. Our own learning history
  4. Health
  5. Culture
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14
Q

What are the mechanisms of hunger?

A
  1. Blood glucose levels
  2. Hypothalamus monitors through feedback from the stomach, intestines, liver, blood, etc
  3. Based on glucose levels, hyp signals hunger or satiety
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15
Q

Function of the lateral hypothalamus

A

Signals hunger

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16
Q

Destruction of the lateral hypothalamus is a result from…?

A

Lack of eating even if starving

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17
Q

Stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus can result to…?

A

Eating

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18
Q

Function of the ventromedial hypothalamus:

A

Signals safety

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19
Q

Stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus:

A

stop eating

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20
Q

Destruction of the ventromeidal hypothalamus:

A

Overeating even if full

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21
Q

Physiology of obesity:

A
  1. Fat cells
  2. Set point/metabolism
  3. Genetic
  4. Environmental
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22
Q

Fat cells:

A

Size and number

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23
Q

Set point/metabolism:

A

Basal metabolic rate (rate of energy expenditure at rest)

-diet actually decreases BMR

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24
Q

Environmental:

A

Family, mcdonalds, etc

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25
Q

What is intrinsic motivation?

A

Personal gain, enjoyment, competence, self-actualization, self-esteem

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26
Q

What is extrinsic motivation?

A

Grades, approval of others, rewards, money, deadlines

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27
Q

What is the main function of sexual motivation?

A

Hormones

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28
Q

What is the importance of hormones?

A
  1. Direct development of male and female sex characteristics.
  2. Activate sexual behavior
    a. Estrogen peaks at ovulation and female becomes receptive.
    b. Male hormone levels more constant but loss of testosterone= loss of sexual behavior
    c. Women’s sexual desire is only slightly higher at ovulation and women have sex throughout menstrual cycle
    d. Sexual desire in women actually more closely related to testosterone levels
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29
Q

Human sexual motivation is influenced by:

A
  1. Physiology
  2. External Cues (environment)
  3. Imagination
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30
Q

The study of the evolution of the mind and behavior. How decisions and behaviors our ancestors made effect our own behavior.
-Based on principles of natural selection

A

Evolutionary Psychology

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31
Q

Why do men and women have different mating strategies?

A

Because the genders invest different amounts in the reproductive process.

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32
Q

Women strategy factors for the quality:

A
  1. Economic capacity: present or future
  2. Social Status
  3. Age: older than the female
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33
Q

Men factors for quatity:

A
  1. Youth
  2. Physical beauty
    a. Body shape (waist to hip ratio, .70 most attractive)
    b. symmetry
  3. Healthy
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34
Q

On average, how many eggs to women have?

A

400

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35
Q

On average, how much sperm do men produce per hour?

A

12 million per hour

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36
Q

An individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.

A

Personality

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37
Q

Our thoughts and actions are derived from unconscious motives.

A

Psychoanalysis perspective

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38
Q

Who created the theory of psychoanalysis?

A

Freud

39
Q

Personality arises from conflicts bet aggressive/pleasure seeking impulses and internalized social restraints against them.

A

Psychoanalytic

40
Q

What is the pleasure principle; immediate gratification?

A

Id

41
Q

What is the how on ought to behave?

A

superego

42
Q

What is the reality principle; personality chief?

A

ego

43
Q

What stage is from age 6 to puberty?

A

Latency

44
Q

What stage is puberty?

A

Genital stage

45
Q

What is the result from maladaptive behavior?

A

Unresolved conflicts; fixation

46
Q

What’s the point of defense mechanisms?

A

Reduces or redirects stress

47
Q

What is the purpose of the projective tests?

A

Involve ambiguous stimuli

48
Q

What does the TAT test stand for?

A

Thematic Apperception Test

49
Q

What does the DAPT test stand for?

A

Draw a person test

50
Q

Personality is based on fundamental traits, people’s characteristic behaviors and conscious motives-description not explanation.

A

Trait perspective

51
Q

What is the BFI?

A

Big Factor Inventory Test

52
Q

If you score a 54, leaving you in the factor 1 for the BFI, what does that mean?

A

Emotional stability

53
Q

If you are in factor 2 for the BFI, what does that mean?

A

Extraversion

54
Q

If you are in factor 3 for the BFI, what does that mean?

A

Openness

55
Q

If you are in factor four, what does that mean?

A

Agreeableness

56
Q

If you are in factor five, what does that mean?

A

Conscientiousness

57
Q

Emotional stability =

A

secure vs. insecure

58
Q

Extraversion =

A

sociable vs retiring

59
Q

Openness =

A

independent vs conforming

60
Q

Agreeableness =

A

trusting vs. suspicious

61
Q

conscientiousness =

A

organized vs. disorganized

62
Q

Assesses abnormal personality traits (depression, hysteria, psychopathic deviancy, paranoid, schizophrenia, etc)

A

MMPI

63
Q

What does MMPI stand for?

A

Minnesota Multiphase Personality Inventory

64
Q

Focuses the strivings of healthy people for self-determination and self-realization.

A

Humanistic Perspective

65
Q

Who believed that people are basically good and want to self-actualize?

A

Maslow and Carl Rogers

66
Q

Who believed in person centered therapy?

A

Carl Rogers

67
Q

What does it mean to be humanistic?

A

Need to provide an environment that promotes growth (genuineness, acceptance, and empathy)

68
Q

What is acceptance?

A

An unconditioned positive regard.

69
Q

Whats self-concept?

A

Who am I? Help others to know, accept, and be true to themselves.

70
Q

Ideal vs. Actual self

A

Ideal self: how we want to be.

Actual self: who we really are. how we look, feel, and act.

71
Q

How we and the environment interact helps shape our personalities.

A

Reciprocal determination

72
Q

Who believed that behavior is influenced by the interaction bet persons (and their thinking) and their social context.

A

Bandura

73
Q

A condition in which a person or animal has come to believe he or she is helpless in a situation, even when this is untrue.

A

Learned helplessness

74
Q

our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless.

A

Personal Control

75
Q

a projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interest through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes

A

TAT test

76
Q

according to Freud, a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage, in which conflicts were unresolved.

A

fixation

77
Q

psychosexual stage which lasts from ages 3 to 6; Oedipus/Electra Complex develops at this time.

A

phallic stage

78
Q

psychosexual stage that takes place during the first 18 months when the id’s energies are focused on the mouth. (0-18 months)

A

oral stage

79
Q

accoding to Freud, a child’s sexual desire toward the parent of the opposite sex and jealousy and hatred for the parent of the same sex.

A

Oedipus/Electra Complex

80
Q

views beahvior as influenced by the interaction between persons (and their thinking) and their social context.

A

social cognitive behavior

81
Q

psychosexual stage which lasts from about 18 months to 36 months.

A

anal stage

82
Q

Males become sexually rerouted upon presentation of a novel female.

A

Coolidge effect

83
Q

What are the physiological cues that our ancestors had sex?

A
  1. ) Humans males have a relatively large testicle size to body weight ratio-this normally correlates with promiscuity of the species.
  2. ) The longer couples are separated the more sperm per ejaculate that are produced by the man.
84
Q

What are the psychological cues that our ancestors had sex?

A
  1. ) Men desire more sex partners in any given time interval and over the span of their lives.
  2. ) Coolidge effect
85
Q

A pattern of behavioral and physiological responses to events that match or exceed an organism’s ability to respond in a healthy way.

A

Stress

86
Q

What kind of stress is bad for you?

A

early in life and chronic

87
Q

What factors constitute a healthy well-being?

A
  1. Genetics
  2. Behavioral
  3. Cognitive
  4. Physiological
  5. Sociocultural
88
Q

Investigated social determinants of health, specifically the cardiovascular disease prevalence and mortality rates among British civil servants.

A

Whitehall study

89
Q

What was the best predictor of heart attack in British civil servants?

A

Job status

90
Q

Increase in cortisol =

A

decrease in immune functioning

91
Q

stress increases atherosclerosis which is the main cause for heart disease.

A

cardiovascular

92
Q

What are the gender differences for men and women?

A
  1. Hostility men is significant predictor of heart disease

2. Women “tend & befriend”- combo of estrogen and oxytocin

93
Q

What effects stress?

A
  1. Increase in cortisol
  2. Cardiovascular
  3. Gender differences
  4. Memory & concentration
94
Q

HPA Axis Activation

A 
Hypothalamus
    |
 Pituitary
    |
Adrenals -----Catecholamines 
    |
Cortisol 
( from storage & suppresses immune function)

Psych 101 (1 decks)

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