Test 3 Flashcards
what is the difference between bipolar and unipolar?
unipolar never experienced mania
What are some of the symptoms for major depressive disorder?
- sadness
- emptiness
- diminished interest
- sleep change
- fatigue
- anxiety
What is bereavement
feelings of a loved one died; not part of DSM5
What is the onset of unipolar?
having the symptoms everyday for 2 weeks
People that have major depressive disorder will most likely have what…
another episode later in their life
Who are more likely to report to have major depressive order
women
what are the five specifiers of major depressive disorders
- melancholic
- psychotic features
- atypical feature
- catotnic
- seasonal pattern
melancholic
loss of appetite; feelings are worse in the morning; more excessive guilt
Psychotic features
delusions and hallucination
atypical feature
mood react activity; weight gain; appetite increases
catatonic feature
immobile or rigid
seasonal pattern
lack of sunlight; not caused by psycho social factors; requires two or more episodes in the past 2 years
persistent depressive disoder(dystymia)
more mild form of major depression that occurs more days than not; persist for two years
depressive disorder with peripartum (post partum)
major depressive symptoms: sadness, teariness, irritability - hormonal fluctuations
affects child and infant development
within 4 weeks of birth or during pregnancy;
double depression
symptoms for both major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder
premenstrual dysphoric Disorder
occurs one week before menstrual cycle; increased tension. mood swings, irritability, and conflict with other
disruptive mood dysregulation
severe recurring temper outburst for six months
causes of depression
genetics, neurochemical hormonal factors, medical causes, environmental
genetics (causes of depression)
plays major role
neurochemical (causes of depression)
(seratonin, norapinephrine, dopamine)
hormonal factors (causes of depression)
increase levels of cortisol; low levels of thyroid
neurophysiological (causes of depression)
any damage to the pre frontal cortex; cingulated cortex: (selective attention, low levels of activation, amygdala increase activity)
medical causes (causes of depression)
poor health conditions, medications, and stroke
environmental facotrs (causes of depression)
early childhood trauma, job loss, and lack of bonding connection
psychoanalytic theory (Major depressive disorder)
unconscious memories or feelings, angered for others turned inward,
behavioral theory
receives reward for depressive behavior
modeling learning from others
cognitive theory
how you interpret the events
humanistic existential theory
lack of purpose or meaning in your life
Carl Rodgers theory: significant discrepancy between real and ideal self
learned helplessness
feeling that there’s nothing you could do to make your situation better
treatments for major depressive disorder
cognitive behavior therapy, MAOI, trycyclic, ECT, transcranial magnetic stimulation,deep brain stimulation,
cognitive behavior therapy
change the way you think to change your behaviors
MAOI
anti depressant that prevented enzymes from breaking down chemicals. ex. seratonin
cannot take MAOI with food and increased blood pressure
trycyclic
blocks the reuptake from certain chemicals
electro compulsive therapy (ECT) - shock therapy
increases the production of chemicals and restores balance
transcrainial magnetic stimulation
magnetic coil delivers electro magnetic pulse in a particular part of the brain to stimulate it
deep brain stimulation
regulates regular moods; surgically implants electrodes into the brain
bipolar
periods of depression and mania
mania
engage in inappropriate behavior, very little need of sleep, speaks rapidly, false sense of well being that lasts a week;
not a separate diagnosis
hypomania
less than 7 days more than 4 days; milder symptoms of mania
Bipolar 1
full blown mania alternating with episodes of major depressive
worse than bipolar 2
Bipolar 2
hypomania, better judgement, more common, less disruptive
rapid cycler
4 or more episodes of mania and depression for one year
onset of bipolar
18 years old
comorbidility
diabetes, heart disease, alcoholic drug abuse, anxiety, ADHD
cyclothymic
very mild bipolar, fluctuation in mood
2 years
causes of bipolar
genetics
concordance rate
disorder that runs in the family
treatment for bipolar
mood stabiiizer-lithium, depakote
generic vs. brand name
very little difference,
generic is cheaper and different inactive ingredients
FDA approval
submit two studies where it was more effective than a placebo
suicide
2nd most frequetnt cause of death for high school and college; elderly highest risk of suicide
schizophernia
altered perceptions, unusual thoughts or odd behavior
what is the onset of schizophrenia?
18-25 years old… later for women
symptoms of schizophrenia
continuous signs of disturbance that last 6 months and 1 month of syptoms of hallucinations and delusions;
positive symptoms of schizophrenia
too much, excess, tend to get better
what is delusions
false belief despite disconfirming events
what is frequent delusion
people can see into their mind and speaking to them ex. sports caster speaking to the person
whats a good prognosis of schizophrenia
if overtime the person knows that they are hallucinating
what is loose association
switching one thought to another; hard to find a common theme
catatonia
stay in one position for a long period of time
negative symptoms of schizophrenia
irreversible; deteriation of the brain
atafic
no emotion; lack of meaningful speech
avolition
inability to take goal oriented actions
anetonia
inability to feel pleasure
premorbid functioning
slight abnormalities
prodromal
withdrawing and isolation; preceeding hallucination
paranoid type
someone is after them
brief psychotic
brief psychotic disorder that only last up until a month; caused by stress
schizophreniform
1-6 months
schizoaffective
some symptoms of schizophrenia and some symptoms of depression;
delusional disorder
their delusions aren’t as bizarre than schizophrenia; no other psychotic symptoms
erotomania
someone else in love with you
grandiosity
belief that I have some special talent or I have a relationship with an important person
jealousy
belief that their partner is being unfaithful
persecution
delusion disorder that you’re being mistreated or being conspired against
somatic
belief you have a body defect
too much dopamine causes what…
schizophrenia
too little glutemate causes what….
problems with learning
typical anti psychotic
reduce the psychotic but increases muscle stiffness and tremors
tardive dyskinesia
neurological disorder; abnormal incvluntary movement in the face
atypical
block dopamine but increase seratonin
ego disonic
unacceptable to their ego
personality disorder
chronic inflexible maladaptive behavior
shizoid
very detached from social relationship, socially isolated very apathetic to others; very little pleasure
schizoidtypal
odd thoughts, odd physical appearance, poor hygeine,
histrionic
overly dramatic, overly emotion; likes the attention, pretty flirtatious; autonomic emotional
narcissistic
exaggerated self of importance; very strong need of validation; maintain power or control over others
anti social
very charismatic; against society norms; aggressive; rarely feel guilt very impulsive; thrill seeking behavior; don’t take responsibility from their action
dorderline
intense fluctuation of mood and self perception; history of unstable relationship, very needy; perceive other people all good or all bad; lack of attachment to parents,
avoidant
fear of rejection; hesitant to enter new relationship; low self esteem; hard to engage in new activities
