Early- Emerging, stable, individuality in a persons behavior Influence how caregivers and children respond to each other based on: - Biological - Historical - Enviormental factors Difficult: Negative mood, difficulty adapting Slow to Warm: bad interactions OTHER INFLUENCES - Cultural Characteristics - Parental Characteristics - Environmental chaos - Childs Characteristics

Personality is the result of internal charracteristics on genetics - caused by the behavior of people - can range from 5-4,000 traits (per psychologist)

Test 3 Flashcards by McKinley Allen

An assumption language learners make that two objects that have features in common can have a name in common, but that each object also can have its own individual name.

Taxonomic constraint

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Behavioral Theory

Personality is the result of interaction between individual and enviorment

-focus on measurable behabiors

(private events can be behaviors but are not causes of behavior)

|-> personality is not caused by a trait

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A learning disability characterized by difficulties with writing, including trouble with spelling, handwriting, or expressing thoughts on paper.”

Dysgraphia

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Mental representations of the particular attachment relationships that a child has experienced that become the model for expectations of future relationships.

Internal working model

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Temperament

Early- Emerging, stable, individuality in a persons behavior

Influence how caregivers and children respond to each other based on:

Biological
Historical
Enviormental factors

Difficult: Negative mood, difficulty adapting
Slow to Warm: bad interactions

OTHER INFLUENCES

Cultural Characteristics
Parental Characteristics
Environmental chaos
Childs Characteristics

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A research technique used to assess a child’s status within the peer group.

Sociometry

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Trait Theory

Personality is the result of internal charracteristics on genetics

caused by the behavior of people
can range from 5-4,000 traits (per psychologist)

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Playing next to a peer with the same type of materials, but not interacting with the other child

Parallel play

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Reciprocity

familly disruption -labeled deviant -lowered self esteem -anger -faulty problem solving

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The use of syntax to learn the meaning of new words (semantics).

Syntactic bootstrapping

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An inability to play because the child s emotions are preventing the kind of free expression linked with the fun of play.

Play disruption

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side-by-side play is known as

parallel play (24 months)

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Conduct Disorder

-Agression -Vandalism -Decietfullness -Theft

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BF Skinner - Theoretical Groundwork for understanding is known as

Verbal Behavior

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when should a child Smile, make eye contact, and react to voices expresss likes/dislikes parrellel play self aware (name, gender, age, sharing, non aggressive) co-op play, more talking

6months Smile, make eye contact, and react to voices 12 months expresss likes/dislikes 24 months parrellel play 3 years self aware (name, gender, age, sharing, non aggressive) 4 years co-op play, more talking

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Morality

Principles by which people ought treat each other

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-Gender Identity (reached by 2 years)

*I am a girl/boy

-Gender Stability (reached by 4 years)

*I was a girl/boy and will be a girl/boy in future too

-Gender Consistancy (reached by 7 years)

*I will be the same sex, even if I do the opposite genders activities

Cognitive Developmental Theory of Gender Development

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The rapid growth of a child s vocabulary that often occurs in the second year.

Vocabulary burst

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Juvenile detention is for

Temporarily placement into youth incarceration

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Yellow Bile, Black Bile, Phlegm, and Blood describe what?

Hipocrates four humors

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The ability to consciously control one s behavior.

Effortful control

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Moral Development

Process through which children develop proper behaviors toward other people in society based on social and cultural norms, rules, and laws.

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Three Factors to bullying

Repetative
Unwanted
Power Inbalance

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True Words can be learned/spoken by children at….

@10-12 months

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Personality is..

Organization of patterns of development an individual has learned under the special conditions of his/her development Also defined as: patterns of behavior an individual has learned as a result of his/her enviorment (and interactions with the enviorment)

The likelihood that one particular sound will follow another one to form a word

Transitional probability

A speaker repeats verbal behavior of another speaker

Echoic

Behavioral Analynic approach in summary-

A system of rule governed behavior that reinforces rule following behavior.

Kohlburgs Theory of moral development

involves reinforcement and punishment moral action v. reasoning and judgement Description v. explanation Cause of moral behavior Rule stated -\> follow rule -\> reinforcer.

Attatchment Pattern: Child is unable to use caregiver as a secure base, seeking proximity before separation occurs - distressed

Ambivalent/Resistant

Bullying

An act of repeated aggressive behavior to intentionally hurt another person physically or mentally |-\> characterised by an individual behaving in a wcertain way to gain power over another person.

Bullying Project 5 steps

- Assess how syudents and staff feel about their environment - make all adults part of the solution:relationship monitor/reflection - inspire youth to change the tide, no more exclusion - institute commmunity wide rituals and traditions/ ^diversity - Build and support social, emotional, and ethical skills

Relation between behavior and environmental variables

Contingency Stimulus

Speaker deferentially responds to the verbal behavior of others

Intraverbal

Galen 4 temperments

- chloric: ambitious/leader like - melancholic: introverted/thoughtful - sanguine: impulsive and pleasure seeeking - phlegmatic: relaxed & quiet

A general responsiveness marked by a slow adaptation to new experiences and moderate irregularity in eating, sleeping, and elimination

Slow-to-warm temperament

somewhat structured babbling

Echologic babbling

The marshmellow test proved

effortful control

Mary Ainsworth s experimental procedure designed to assess security of attachment in infants.

Strange Situation

Brokas area

speech output via muscle movement

A process of mutual reinforcement where caregivers reinforce a child's problem behavior which in turn evokes caregiver negativity.

The Coercive family process

Attatchment Pattern: When a child uses a caregiver as a base for exploration child is happiest & secure

Secure

3 Cries that infants do (and another at 3 weeks)

Anger Pain Hunger (fake cry)

Five Factor Model of Personality

Extraversion - How outgoing someone is Agreeablenesss - Compassion/Attatched Conscientiousness - Organized/Prepared Neuroticism - Nervous/Secure Openness to Experience - Curiosity/Consciousness

Large, reputation-based groups that are based upon a shared stereotype but whose members do not necessarily spend time together.

Crowds

Attatchment Pattern: Child is depressed, angry, passive, and unresponsive

Disorganized

A type of grammatical error in which children apply a language rule to words that don t follow that rule or pattern (for example, adding an s to make the plural of an irregular noun such as foot).

Overregularization

Behavior Analytic approach to moral development - - - - -

-reinforcement -punishment -imitation -rule governed behavior -contingency shaped behavior

Behavioral Systems Approach

1- Genotype-Environment interactions 2- Person-Environment interactions

Attatchment Pattern: Child is not very explorative and emotionally distant.

Avoidant

Bobo doll expierement

demonstrated that children immitate the behavior that they see and adult perform on a bobo doll, in the case of this expierement they mimiced and enhanced aggressive behavior.

Repeated sounds (non unique)

Babbling

-Early childhood experiences -Caregiver reinforcement -Caregiver modeling

Ontologenic

Gneotype-Environment interactions

- How individual genetics histories affect behavior indirect influence of genes- - Passive: genotpe matches enviorment - Evokative: Genotype impacts current enviorment - Active: Genotype selects certain environment

Random sounds

Cooing

A persistent pattern of behavior marked by violation of the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate social norms or rules.

Conduct disorder

Speaker names things and actions that the speaker has no direct contact with through the senses

Tact

A disorder marked by inability to form attachments to caregivers.

Reactive attachment disorder

Using symbolic representations and imagination for play.

Symbolic/sociodramatic play

when a child tries to immitate behaviors that have not yet led to reinforcement

generalized immitation

Watching others play.

Onlooker behavior

Purposes for Incarceration

-Retribution -Incapacitation -Deterrence -Rehabilitation

cognitive developmental approach to moral development 3x3 Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3

How well a child s temperamental characteristics match the demands of the child s environment.

Goodness of fit

An experimental task used to assess a child s understanding that others may believe something the child knows to be untrue.

False belief paradigm

Wernicks area

used for language comprehension

describe antisocial disorder as it progresses through early childhood middle childhood late childhood adulthood

early childhood Poor parent discipline/monitoring =child conduct problems middle childhood Rejected by peers Academic failure late childhood Commitment to deviant or group adulthood Delinquency/antisocial personality disorder.

-Evokes parental caregiving

Phylogenic contributions

Speaker 'asks' for what he needs/wants -\> gets commmunicator reinforcement

Mand

Removing people from society

Incarceration

Behavior Analynic approach to moral development - - - -

-Behavioral changes evolve on a moment to moment basis -No distinct stages -The unique history of contingency in each individual results in different moral behavioral patterns -The unique history of contingencies of each individual results in the development of rules governing moral behavior

The ability to wait until later in order to get something desirable.

Delay of gratification

Repeating what children say but in a more advanced grammar to facilitate language learning.

Recast

irritable scolding that actually increases a behavior

Mattering

Reading written words

textual

Development of species, genus, or group, over time

Phylogency

Psychoanalysis Theory -Sigmund Freud-

Id: Instinctual drives Ego: pleases the Id in thoughtful ways Super Ego: Consciousness, works against the Id \*Human Psyche

Small groups of friends who spend time together and develop close relationships.

Cliques