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PS 300 > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

a pair of protons in an atomic nucleus repel each other, but they are also attracted to each other. why?

a. actually, protons do not attract one another
b. the pair repel each other by a strong nuclear force but attract one another by an electrical force
c. the pair attract each other by a strong nuclear force but also repel one another by an electrical force

A

c. the pair attract each other by a strong nuclear force but also repel one another by an electrical force

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2
Q

one of the main reasons people can walk barefoot on red hot coals of wood without burning their feet has to do with

a. low temperature of the coals
b. low thermal energy of the coals
c. poor conductivity of the coals

A

c. poor conductivity of the coals

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3
Q

when you touch a hot penny in the sunlight with your finger, thermal energy flows

a. from your penny to your finger
b. from your finger to the penny
c. both ways

A

a. from your penny to your finger

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4
Q

which contributes more to an atom’s mass: electrons or protons? which contributes more to an atom’s size?

a. protons contribute more to an atom’s mass while electrons contribute more to its size
b. protons contribute more to both the mass and size of an atom
c. electrons contribute more to both the mass and size of an atom
d. electrons contribute more to an atom’s mass while protons contribute more to its size

A

a. protons contribute more to an atom’s mass while electrons contribute more to an atom’s size

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5
Q

the following statement describes which subatomic particle best? it does not have an electrical charge

a. an electron
b. a proton
c. a neutron

A

c. a neutron

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6
Q

how do fission power plants produce energy

a. the heat generated in the fission process is used to produce steam to drive a turbine
b. the electrons generated in the fission process are used to produce an electrical current
c. the neutrons generated in the fission process are used to drive a turbine
d. none

A

a. the heat generated in the fission process is used to produce steam to drive a turbine

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7
Q

heat is thermal energy that flows due to

a. temperature differences
b. molecular activity
c. calorie imbalance

A

a. temperature differences

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8
Q

Which is not a phase of matter?

a. liquids
b. gases
c. vacuum
d. solids

A

c. vacuums

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9
Q

the water droplets that form on a cold soda taken out of a refrigerator are due to

a. condensation
b. evaporation
c. convection
d. sublimation

A

a. condensation

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10
Q

convection currents in the air near a seashore are produced by

a. unequal temperatures of land and water
b. evaporating of water
c. shifting winds
d. incoming and outgoing tides

A

a. unequal temperatures of land and water

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11
Q

the sun produces its energy by

a. convection
b. fission
c. fusion
d. conduction

A

c. fusion

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12
Q

when a gas is changed to a liquid, the gas

a. absorbs energy
b. releases energy
c. neither

A

b. releases energy

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13
Q

the nucleus of an electrically neutral iron atom contains 26 protons. how many electrons does this iron atom have?

a. 26
b. 24
c. 52
d. none

A

a. 26

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14
Q

we feel uncomfortably warm on a humid day because water molecules are

a. undergoing convection
b. evaporating from our moist bodies
c. condensing on our bodies

A

c. condensing on our bodies

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15
Q

the molecules in a room temperature glass of water move around at
a, no speeds as they are not moving
b. equal speeds
c. wide variety of speeds

A

c. wide variety of speeds

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16
Q

the following statement describes which subatomic particle best? it is a nucleon

a. an electron
b. a proton
c. a neutron
d. a and b
e. b and c

A

b and c. proton and neutron

17
Q

the mass number of an element is

a. the sum of the isotopes
b. the number of protons
c. sum of the electrons and neutrons
d. sum of the electrons and protons
e. sum of the protons and neutrons

A

e. sum of the protons and neutrons

18
Q

in the fusion process, mass

a. is lost
b. remains the same
c. is gained

A

a. is lost

19
Q

which of the following statement is true

a. nuclear power plants release more radioactive waste to the environment than coal burning power plants
b. coal burning power plants release more radioactive waste to the environment than nuclear power plants
c. coal burning power plants do not release any radioactive waste to the environment

A

b. coal burning power plants release more radioactive waste to the environment than nuclear power plants

20
Q

heat is simply another word for

a. potential energy
b. thermal energy
c. temperature
d. transfer of thermal energy

A

d. transfer of thermal energy

21
Q

compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has

a. higher temperature, but less thermal energy
b. more thermal energy and higher temperature
c. more heat and more thermal energy
d. none

A

a. higher temperature, but less thermal energy

22
Q

uranium 235 releases an average of about 2 free neutrons per fission, while plutonium 239 releases an average of about 3 free neutrons per fission. which of these elements might you therefore expect to produce more energy in a chain reaction

a. plutonium 239
b. uranium 235
c. neither

A

a. plutonium 239

23
Q

since atoms are mostly empty space, why don’t object pass through one another

a. the nucleus of one atom repels the nucleus of another atom when it gets close
b. the electrons of one attract the nucleus of a neighboring atom to form a barrier
c. the electrons on the atoms repel other electrons on other atoms when they get close
d. the nucleus of one atom attracts the nucleus of a neighboring atom to form a barrier

A

c. the electrons on the atoms repel other electrons on other atoms when they get close

24
Q

when you touch a piece of ice with your finger, thermal energy flows

a. from your finger to the ice
b. from your ice to your finger
c. both ways

A

a. from your finger to the ice

25
Q

dogs will pant

a. for no particular reason
b. to help evaporation occur in its mouth and bronchial tract
c. to bring more oxygen into its lungs

A

b. to help evaporation

26
Q

the following statement describes which subatomic particle best? it is located outside of the nucleus

a. an electron
b. a proton
c. a neutron
d. A and B
e. B and C

A

a. an electron

27
Q

a good insulator

a. slows heat transfer
b. quickens heat transfer
c. stops heat transfer

A

a. slows heat transfer

28
Q

what does the following element description actually mean?
18
O
6
a. 6 oxygen atoms with 18 neutrons
b. an oxygen atom with 6 protons and 12 neutrons
c. an oxygen atom with 6 neutrons and 12 protons

A

b. an oxygen atom with 6 protons and 12 neutrons

29
Q
  1. pigs will lie in mud mainly to
    a. cool themselves by evaporation
    b. cool themselves by condensation
    c. decrease thermal conductivity
A

a. cool themselves by evaporation

30
Q

metals are good heat conductors due to

a. free electrons
b. high densities of metals
c. stiff bonds between atoms
d. loose bonds between atoms

A

a. free electrons

31
Q

which of the following sources of radiation provides most of our yearly exposure

a. televisions
b. dental and medical x rays
c. natural background radiation
d. smoke detectors
e. living near nuclear power plants

A

c. natural background radiation

32
Q

which of the following statements best describes why a nucleus undergoes radioactive decay?

a. there are not enough electrons surrounding the nucleus
b. the strong nuclear force is less than the electric force
c. there is a net charge in the nucleus
d. the strong nuclear force is greater than the electric force

A

b. the strong nuclear force is less than the electric force

33
Q

temperature is a measure of

a. total kinetic energy of all atoms
b. heat flow
c. transfer of energy from atom to atom
d. kinetic energy per atom

A

d. kinetic energy per atom

34
Q

when a solid is changed to a liquid, the solid

a. releases energy
b. absorbs energy
c. neither

A

b. absorbs energy

35
Q

which of the following statements describes isotopes

a. atoms with the same number of neutrons but different number of protons
b. atoms with the same number of neutrons but different number of electrons
c. atoms wit the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

A

c. atoms wit the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

PS 300 (4 decks)

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