Test 3 Flashcards
(45 cards)
spectrum from heated solids, liquids, and dense gases
continuous spectrum
spectrum from dilute gases
line spectrum
Do all types of line spectra look the same?
no, they can look very different from each other
light emitted by atoms is what?
excess atomic energy
atoms can store energy and release it as what?
light
When electrons are farther from the nucleus, the atom has more or less energy?
More
When electrons are closer to the nucleus, the atom has more/less energy?
less
A state that is anything above the ground state?
excited state
The atom’s lowest possible energy level
ground state
The frequency of the light is determined from the what?
the energy the atom loses
De-excites at a random time.
-photon leaves in a random direction
spontaneous emission
de-excites at a specific time
-photon leaves in a specific direction
stimulated emission
a substance absorbs light of one frequency (exciting the atoms). As the atoms return to lower energy levels they give off light of a different frequency. Happens fairly quickly.
fluorescence
energy remains in the atoms for longer (minutes, hours), coming out slowly. Think glow in the dark stuff
phosphorescence
x rays have enough energy to do what to an atom?
ionize
deals with atoms as a whole, including how the electrons behave inside the atom
atomic physics
has to do with the things in the nucleus of the atom. We focus only on the nucleus and ignore the electrons.
nuclear physics
In the nucleus there are:
- protons (positive charge)
- neutrons (no charge)
number of protons in the atom
atomic number
number of protons + neutrons
mass number
atoms of the same element that have different mass numbers
isotopes, same number of protons, different number of neutrons
There are 3 types of nuclear reactions:
- radioactive decay
- fission
- fusion
the rays emitted by radioactive elements are also a type of what?
ionizing radiation
every element starting with number 83 is what?
radioactive
