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Electrocardiography > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

if an impulse originates anywhere besides the SA Node

A

Ectopic

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2
Q

Premature Contraction

A
  1. Premature SA Nodal Contraction
  2. Premature Atrial Ectopic Contraction
    - difference between the 2.
    -P WAVE: similar to previous P wave= PSA
    different to previous P wave= PAE

PSA Nodal can require a pacemaker down the road

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3
Q

Premature Nodal Contraction

A
  • No P wave preceding it
  • Node is located under Bundle of HIS through lower 3rd AV Node
  • straight into the ventricles
  • tight QRS wave (.08-.11 sec) [normal limits=tight]
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4
Q

Premature Ventricular Contraction

A
  • No P wave
  • originates in ventricular myocardium
  • from muscle cell to muscle cell to muscle cell
  • wide QRS wave
  • most common
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5
Q

Ectopic equals what?

A

Protection

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6
Q

Athletes commonly have _____.

A

Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC)

  • training induced heart rate
  • benign
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7
Q

Aberrant Ventricular Conduction

A
  • only happens during Premature Atrial Contraction
    1. Prolonged PR Interval
  • looks like 1st degree AV Block
    2. Abnormal QRS Wave
  • wide QRS wave
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8
Q

Fusion Beat

A

two complexes fire at the same time

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9
Q

where did the wide QRS wave from the Aberrant Ventricular Conduction come from?

A

impulse wasn’t accepted into the RBBB but was accepted into the LBBB. causes impulse to travel muscle cell to muscle cell. This causes a wide QRS wave

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10
Q

Non-conducted Premature Atrial Beat

A
  • No QRS Wave

- it is dropped because the impulse isn’t received by the ventricles

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11
Q

Sinus Arrest

A
  • SA Node fails to fire
  • All dysremnias
    1. Ischemia:
    2. Infarction
    3. Abnormal Conduction
  • looks similar to a Premature Atrial Conduction with a non-ventricular response
  • long flatline with no P Wave
  • serious, non-life threatening
  • SA Node, diseased—-Pacemaker
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12
Q

If you have a sinus arrest, the next impulse is automatically called an

A

Escape Beat

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13
Q

Paraoxysmal

A

sudden onset

only if you can see the sudden change

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14
Q

Tachycardia Resting Heart Beat

A

100+ BPM

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15
Q

Sinus Tachycardia

A

100-150 BPM

-rarely gets over 120

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16
Q

Atrial Tachycardia

A

150-250 BPM

17
Q

Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia

A

150-250 BPM
Fusion Beat (P wave and T wave)
Amplitude of T Wave Changes

18
Q

Paroxysmal Nodal Tachycardia

A
  • looks just like PAT
  • must see paroxysmal change
  • unchanged T wave
  • no P wave
  • no fusion beat
19
Q

Superventricular Tachycardia

A

Atrial Tachycardia or Nodal Tachycardia

  • when you have no way to determine which it is
  • you don’t see normal rhythm first to see the paroxysmal change
20
Q

Wandering Pacemaker

A
  • configuration of P wave changes from beat to beat
  • indication that your SA node is disease (early warning signs)
  • –may result in artificial pacemaker
  • ischemia or infarction
  • atrial rate is less than 100 BPM (between 60-100 bpm)
  • irregular ventricular rhythm
  • –inconsistent rate of R waves
21
Q

Sick Sinus Syndrome

A
  • slow ventricular rate
  • 20-40 BPM
  • P wave changes from beat to beat
22
Q

Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia

A

-irregular ventricular rhythm
-changing P wave
- 100+ BPM
-multifocal: number of ectopics that are formed (2 or more)
in this condition, you will have dozen

23
Q

Bradycardia-Tachycardia Syndrome

A
  • rare (1 out of 100,000 people)
  • hard to treat
  • bounce back and forth about every 4-10 sec
  • go in and kill SA Node and install an Atrial Pacemaker to control it
  • won’t cause death, but causes bad symptoms
  • never normal (light headedness to heart bouncing out of chest)
24
Q

Premature contractions have 3 different rhythms

A
  1. Bigeminy (PAC every other beat)
  2. Trigeminy (PAC every 3rd beat)
  3. Quadgeminy (PAC every 4th beat)
25
Q

Atrial Flutter

A

250-350 BPM

  • one ectopic forming at a rapid rate
  • unifocal
  • sawtee: because the rate looks like the teeth on a saw
  • forms on intertribal wall
26
Q

Atrial Fibrulation

A

equal to or greater than 350 BPM

  • irregular rhythm
  • –continuous chaotic atrial spikes
  • –irregular ventricular rhythm
  • continuous rapid-firing of multiple atrial automatically foci
  • no visible P wave
  • no impulse depolarizes the atria completely and only occasional, random atrial depolarizations reaches the AV Node to be conducted to the ventricles
  • atriums are quivering, which will pull blood together to got thrombus. the thrombus goes through ventricles and can go to the brain to form a stroke.
  • life threatening
  • surgery can fix it (but not a lifetime guarantee)
27
Q

premature junctional beat (nodal ectopic)

A
  • no p wave
  • tight QRS wave

Node fires: sends information up and down at same time
-sometimes it sends it up before it sends t down
=retrograde P wave (atriums depolarizing)
—-negative P wave (almost looks like a Q wave)

Nodal Ectopics can be in patterns

  1. Junctional Bigeminy
  2. Junctional Trigeminy
  3. Junctional Quademiny
28
Q

Paroxysmal Junctional Tachycardia (Nodal Tachycardia)

A
  • normal sinus rhythm

- jumps into tachycardia rhythm

29
Q

PVC (Premature Ventricular Contraction)

A
  • No P Wave
  • wide QRS wave
  • Flatline after QRS (compensatory pause)
  • —-most obvious in ventricular ectopic

Ventricular Bigeminy
Ventricular Trigeminy
Ventricular Quadgeminy

30
Q

T Wave and QRS wave same direction?

A

Nodal

31
Q

T Wave and QRS wave different directions?

A

Ventrifulat

32
Q

Ventricular Ectopics can be occasional

A

unifocal ectopic

-one origin

33
Q

Configurations of PVC Different

A

Multifocal Ectopic

  • demonstrates irritability within ventricles
  • can get out of control and be dangerous
34
Q

Salvo

A
  • You can have runs of PVCs

- 3 or more. it has to stop some place. If it doesn’t go back into normal rhythm=ventricular tachycardia

35
Q

Coupled

A

2 PVCs in a row

36
Q

Paroxysmal Ventricular Tachycardia

A

150-250 BPM

PVC doesn’t stop

37
Q

Ventricular Flutter

A

250-350 bpm

38
Q

Ventricular Fibrulation

A

bunch of PVCs are firing
when line flattens out=ventricular standstill
P wave fire, flatline, repeat—-> can result in death
—-beats so rapid. very little to no blood being dumped into ventricles
life threatening

39
Q

Difibrulation

A
  • only used in ventricular fibrillation
  • shock to the body (stuns the heart)
  • –hoping SA node restarts electrical impulse. if it doesn’t wake you up, they increase the voltage and try again. Try 3 times. If 2 doesn’t work, dead. 8-10 min period

Electrocardiography (1 decks)

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