Test # 3 Flashcards
What Electron domain geometry (fundamental geometry) and bond angle do 2 electron domains have?
linear (planar) 180 degrees
What Electron domain geometry (fundamental geometry) and bond angle do 3 electron domains have?
trigonal planar 120 degrees
What Electron domain geometry (fundamental geometry) and bond angle do 4 electron domains have?
tetrahedron 109.5 degrees
What Electron domain geometry (fundamental geometry) and bond angle do 5 electron domains have?
trigonal bipyramid 90 & 120 degrees
What Electron domain geometry (fundamental geometry) and bond angle do 6 electron domains have?
octahedron 90 degrees
What are the possible derived molecular geometry derived shapes for linear (planar)?
Not applicable–just linear
What are the possible derived molecular geometry shapes for trigonal planar?
bent
What are the possible derived molecular geometry shapes for tetrahedron?
bent & trigonal pyramid
What are the possible derived molecular geometry shapes for trigonal bipyramid?
tee-shaped, see-saw, & linear
What are the possible derived molecular geometry shapes for octahedron?
square pyramid square planar linear tee-shape
Which atoms never have double or triple bonds?
halogens (F, Cl, Br, I)
first 5 (H, He, Li, Be, b)
Which row elements must have EXACTLY 8 electrons when they are the central atom?
2nd row (except Li, Be, & B- which sometimes violate octet rule)
What atom can never be a central atom?
H
What characteristics adhere to the following trendline of the periodic table:
ionization energy
electronegativity
lattice energy
What characteristics adhere to the following trendline of the periodic table:
chemical reactivity
metallic characteristics
atomic radius
What is an isoelectronic series?
group of ions (or atoms) that have the same # of electrons
Ex: Na+ Mg2+ Al3+ F- O2- Ne
The atomic radius of cations (+) are always ____than the parent atom.
smaller
The atomic radius of anions (-) are always _____than the parent atom.
larger
The charge that occurs when an electron is added to a gaseous atom is called
electron affinity
(The ease at which an atom gains an electron)
*This is opposite of ionization energy, which measures the ease at which an atom loses an electron.
Which groups have the highest negative electron affinities?
Group 6A & group 7A (Halogens)
Properites of Metals
shiny luster
solids are malleable and ductile
good conductors of heat & electricity
most metal oxides are ionic solids that are basic
tend to form cations in aqueous solution
Properties of Nonmetals
do not have luster
solids are usually brittle
poor conductors of heat & electricity
most nonmetal oxides are molecular substances that form acidic solutions
tend to form anions or oxyanions in aqueous solution
The 5 most electonegative elements are
F O N Cl Br
POLAR covalent bonds are formed when
a nonmetal or metalloid is bonded to one of the 5 most electonegative elements
( F O N Cl Br)
Nonpolar molecules do NOT have a _______ moment
dipole
Bonds with N, O , F, Cl, or Br have the potential to have a
dipole moment
Hybridization of 2 e- domain
sp
Hybridization of 3 e- domain
sp2
Hybridization of 4 e- domains
sp3
Hybridization of 5 e- domain
sp3d
Hybridization of 6 e- domains
sp3d2
a douple bond is
1 sigma + 1 pi
a triple bond is
1 sigma + 2 pi
a single bond is
1 sigma
The shell is indicated by the ________
coefficient
(think rows on periodic table- metalloids jump a bit)
The subshells are indicated by
letters
(s, p, d, f)
How many orbitals does each subshell have?
s
p
d
f
s=1
p=3
d=5
f=7
Which oxides for basic solutions when added to water:
molecular or ionic
ionic
(metal/metalloid + Oxygen)
To have a dipole, the bond must be…
polar and have a lone pair
OR have unbalanced atoms (not the sameone surrounding central atom)
