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Chemistry > Test # 3 > Flashcards

Test # 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What Electron domain geometry (fundamental geometry) and bond angle do 2 electron domains have?

A

linear (planar) 180 degrees

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2
Q

What Electron domain geometry (fundamental geometry) and bond angle do 3 electron domains have?

A

trigonal planar 120 degrees

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3
Q

What Electron domain geometry (fundamental geometry) and bond angle do 4 electron domains have?

A

tetrahedron 109.5 degrees

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4
Q

What Electron domain geometry (fundamental geometry) and bond angle do 5 electron domains have?

A

trigonal bipyramid 90 & 120 degrees

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5
Q

What Electron domain geometry (fundamental geometry) and bond angle do 6 electron domains have?

A

octahedron 90 degrees

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6
Q

What are the possible derived molecular geometry derived shapes for linear (planar)?

A

Not applicable–just linear

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7
Q

What are the possible derived molecular geometry shapes for trigonal planar?

A

bent

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8
Q

What are the possible derived molecular geometry shapes for tetrahedron?

A

bent & trigonal pyramid

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9
Q

What are the possible derived molecular geometry shapes for trigonal bipyramid?

A

tee-shaped, see-saw, & linear

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10
Q

What are the possible derived molecular geometry shapes for octahedron?

A

square pyramid square planar linear tee-shape

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11
Q

Which atoms never have double or triple bonds?

A

halogens (F, Cl, Br, I)

first 5 (H, He, Li, Be, b)

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12
Q

Which row elements must have EXACTLY 8 electrons when they are the central atom?

A

2nd row (except Li, Be, & B- which sometimes violate octet rule)

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13
Q

What atom can never be a central atom?

A

H

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14
Q

What characteristics adhere to the following trendline of the periodic table:

A

ionization energy

electronegativity

lattice energy

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15
Q

What characteristics adhere to the following trendline of the periodic table:

A

chemical reactivity

metallic characteristics

atomic radius

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16
Q

What is an isoelectronic series?

A

group of ions (or atoms) that have the same # of electrons

Ex: Na+ Mg2+ Al3+ F- O2- Ne

17
Q

The atomic radius of cations (+) are always ____than the parent atom.

A

smaller

18
Q

The atomic radius of anions (-) are always _____than the parent atom.

A

larger

19
Q

The charge that occurs when an electron is added to a gaseous atom is called

A

electron affinity

(The ease at which an atom gains an electron)

*This is opposite of ionization energy, which measures the ease at which an atom loses an electron.

20
Q

Which groups have the highest negative electron affinities?

A

Group 6A & group 7A (Halogens)

21
Q

Properites of Metals

A

shiny luster

solids are malleable and ductile

good conductors of heat & electricity

most metal oxides are ionic solids that are basic

tend to form cations in aqueous solution

22
Q

Properties of Nonmetals

A

do not have luster

solids are usually brittle

poor conductors of heat & electricity

most nonmetal oxides are molecular substances that form acidic solutions

tend to form anions or oxyanions in aqueous solution

23
Q

The 5 most electonegative elements are

A

F O N Cl Br

24
Q

POLAR covalent bonds are formed when

A

a nonmetal or metalloid is bonded to one of the 5 most electonegative elements

( F O N Cl Br)

25
Q

Nonpolar molecules do NOT have a _______ moment

A

dipole

26
Q

Bonds with N, O , F, Cl, or Br have the potential to have a

A

dipole moment

27
Q

Hybridization of 2 e- domain

A

sp

28
Q

Hybridization of 3 e- domain

A

sp2

29
Q

Hybridization of 4 e- domains

A

sp3

30
Q

Hybridization of 5 e- domain

A

sp3d

31
Q

Hybridization of 6 e- domains

A

sp3d2

32
Q

a douple bond is

A

1 sigma + 1 pi

33
Q

a triple bond is

A

1 sigma + 2 pi

34
Q

a single bond is

A

1 sigma

35
Q

The shell is indicated by the ________

A

coefficient

(think rows on periodic table- metalloids jump a bit)

36
Q

The subshells are indicated by

A

letters

(s, p, d, f)

37
Q

How many orbitals does each subshell have?

s

p

d

f

A

s=1

p=3

d=5

f=7

38
Q

Which oxides for basic solutions when added to water:

molecular or ionic

A

ionic

(metal/metalloid + Oxygen)

39
Q

To have a dipole, the bond must be…

A

polar and have a lone pair

OR have unbalanced atoms (not the sameone surrounding central atom)

Chemistry (4 decks)

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