Test # 3 Flashcards

(39 cards)

1
Q

What Electron domain geometry (fundamental geometry) and bond angle do 2 electron domains have?

A

linear (planar) 180 degrees

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2
Q

What Electron domain geometry (fundamental geometry) and bond angle do 3 electron domains have?

A

trigonal planar 120 degrees

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3
Q

What Electron domain geometry (fundamental geometry) and bond angle do 4 electron domains have?

A

tetrahedron 109.5 degrees

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4
Q

What Electron domain geometry (fundamental geometry) and bond angle do 5 electron domains have?

A

trigonal bipyramid 90 & 120 degrees

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5
Q

What Electron domain geometry (fundamental geometry) and bond angle do 6 electron domains have?

A

octahedron 90 degrees

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6
Q

What are the possible derived molecular geometry derived shapes for linear (planar)?

A

Not applicable–just linear

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7
Q

What are the possible derived molecular geometry shapes for trigonal planar?

A

bent

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8
Q

What are the possible derived molecular geometry shapes for tetrahedron?

A

bent & trigonal pyramid

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9
Q

What are the possible derived molecular geometry shapes for trigonal bipyramid?

A

tee-shaped, see-saw, & linear

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10
Q

What are the possible derived molecular geometry shapes for octahedron?

A

square pyramid square planar linear tee-shape

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11
Q

Which atoms never have double or triple bonds?

A

halogens (F, Cl, Br, I)

first 5 (H, He, Li, Be, b)

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12
Q

Which row elements must have EXACTLY 8 electrons when they are the central atom?

A

2nd row (except Li, Be, & B- which sometimes violate octet rule)

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13
Q

What atom can never be a central atom?

A

H

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14
Q

What characteristics adhere to the following trendline of the periodic table:

A

ionization energy

electronegativity

lattice energy

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15
Q

What characteristics adhere to the following trendline of the periodic table:

A

chemical reactivity

metallic characteristics

atomic radius

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16
Q

What is an isoelectronic series?

A

group of ions (or atoms) that have the same # of electrons

Ex: Na+ Mg2+ Al3+ F- O2- Ne

17
Q

The atomic radius of cations (+) are always ____than the parent atom.

18
Q

The atomic radius of anions (-) are always _____than the parent atom.

19
Q

The charge that occurs when an electron is added to a gaseous atom is called

A

electron affinity

(The ease at which an atom gains an electron)

*This is opposite of ionization energy, which measures the ease at which an atom loses an electron.

20
Q

Which groups have the highest negative electron affinities?

A

Group 6A & group 7A (Halogens)

21
Q

Properites of Metals

A

shiny luster

solids are malleable and ductile

good conductors of heat & electricity

most metal oxides are ionic solids that are basic

tend to form cations in aqueous solution

22
Q

Properties of Nonmetals

A

do not have luster

solids are usually brittle

poor conductors of heat & electricity

most nonmetal oxides are molecular substances that form acidic solutions

tend to form anions or oxyanions in aqueous solution

23
Q

The 5 most electonegative elements are

24
Q

POLAR covalent bonds are formed when

A

a nonmetal or metalloid is bonded to one of the 5 most electonegative elements

( F O N Cl Br)

25
Nonpolar molecules do NOT have a _______ moment
dipole
26
Bonds with N, O , F, Cl, or Br have the potential to have a
dipole moment
27
Hybridization of 2 e- domain
sp
28
Hybridization of 3 e- domain
sp2
29
Hybridization of 4 e- domains
sp3
30
Hybridization of 5 e- domain
sp3d
31
Hybridization of 6 e- domains
sp3d2
32
a douple bond is
1 sigma + 1 pi
33
a triple bond is
1 sigma + 2 pi
34
a single bond is
1 sigma
35
The shell is indicated by the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
coefficient (think rows on periodic table- metalloids jump a bit)
36
The subshells are indicated by
letters | (s, p, d, f)
37
How many orbitals does each subshell have? s p d f
s=1 p=3 d=5 f=7
38
Which oxides for basic solutions when added to water: molecular or ionic
ionic | (metal/metalloid + Oxygen)
39
To have a dipole, the bond must be...
polar and have a lone pair OR have unbalanced atoms (not the sameone surrounding central atom)