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Special Education > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What does TBI stand for?

A
  • traumatic brain injury
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2
Q

What does ABI stand for?

A
  • acquired brain injury
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3
Q

Explain what occurs with a traumatic brain injury?

A
  • rapid acceleration and deceleration of the brain
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4
Q

Give 3 examples of rapid acceleration and deceleration of the brain.

A
  1. Tearing of nerve fibers.
  2. Bruising of brain tissue against the skull.
  3. Brain stem injuries, and swelling.
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5
Q

Explain primary damage in relation to TBI.

A
  • direct outcome of the initial impact
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6
Q

Explain secondary damage in relation to TBI.

A
  • may occur with the passage of time
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7
Q

What is additional insult to the brain?

A
  • secondary damage
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8
Q

What is IDEAs definition of a TBI?

A
  • an acquired injury to the brain caused by an external force
  • total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment, or both.
  • adversely affects educational performance
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9
Q

Does the IDEA’s definition of a TBI include open and closed head injuries?

A
  • YES
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10
Q

Does the IDEA’s definition of TBI apply to congenital or degenerative injuries or birth trauma?

A
  • NO
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11
Q

Does the IDEA include acquired brain injuries in its definition?

A
  • YES
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12
Q

List 5 kinds of non-traumatic brain injuries.

A
  1. strokes
  2. infectious diseases
  3. anoxic injuries
  4. metabolic disorders
  5. toxic products
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13
Q

List 6 impacts that can occur due to a TBI.

A
  1. information processing
  2. social behaviors
  3. memory capacities
  4. reasoning and thinking
  5. speech and language skills
  6. sensory and motor abilities
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14
Q

How many children and adults currently live with a TBI?

A
  • nearly 5.3 million
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15
Q

How many people sustain TBIs each year?

A
  • 1.4 million
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16
Q

What percentage of head injuries involve children?

A
  • 40%
17
Q

What percentage of children with TBI experience severe neurological complications?

A

2 - 5%

18
Q

What percentage of people experience life-long disabilities?

A
  • over 33%
19
Q

What are the three specific peaks of TBI prevalence?

A
  1. Children less than 5 yrs of age.
  2. Youth 15 to 24 years of age.
  3. Individuals over 70 years of age.
20
Q

How many times more likely are males going to sustain a serious head injury?

A

1.5 times more likey

21
Q

List 7 characteristics of the brain that can be affected by a TBI.

A
  1. Cognition
  2. Speech
  3. Language
  4. Social and behavioral aspects
  5. neuromotor problems
  6. vision and hearing may be impaired
  7. physical functioning
22
Q

Causation of TBI varies according to what?

A
  • age and developmental status
23
Q

What is rated the as highest incident cause of TBI?

A
  • automobile related accidents
24
Q

Describe what influences the complications and outcomes of a TBI.

A
  • the function of the location and degree of injury
25
Q

List 3 ways the occurrence of TBIs can be reduced.

A
  1. The use of seat-belts and other child-restraint devices.
  2. Decrease in driving under the influence of substances.
  3. Wearing helmets.
26
Q

Describe what kind of approach to care are medical and psychological services.

A
  • multidisciplinary
27
Q

List 4 types of new medical technologies used to help TBIs.

A
  1. Computed tomography (CT) scans
  2. Intracranial pressure monitors
  3. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
  4. Capacity to control bleeding and brain swelling.
28
Q

List 4 natures of head injuries.

A
  1. Concussions
  2. Contusions
  3. Skull fractures
  4. Epidural and Subdural Hemorrhages
29
Q

List 3 stages of medical treatment exists in relation to TBIs.

A
  1. Acute care
  2. Rehabilitation
  3. Community integration
30
Q

Describe acute care.

A
  • maintaining life, minimizing complications
31
Q

Describe rehabilitation.

A
  • relearn pre-injury skills
32
Q

Describe community integration.

A
  • counseling and therapy
33
Q

List 7 kinds of educational supports and services in regards to TBI.

A
  1. Environmental changes that facilitate daily living.
  2. Transition between treatment and other settings.
  3. Collaboration.
  4. Appropriate teaching activities.
  5. educational services
  6. short IEPs (6-8 weeks)
  7. interdisciplinary transition teams

Special Education (1 decks)

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