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DIET 310 > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

target wt to achieve certain % body fat:

A

Step 1: wt of fat = total BW x % current body fat

Step 2: fat-free wt = total BW - wt of current fat

Step 3: target wt = current fat-free wt / (100 - desired % body fat) x 100

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2
Q

°C =

A

5 / 9 (°F - 32)

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3
Q

°F =

A

(9 / 5 x °C) +32

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4
Q

REE adj. for fever =

A

(current temp – 98.6°F) x 7

for every °F above normal body temp., energy needs ↑ by 7%

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5
Q

stystole pressure

A

1st contraction of heart–is peak pressure in arteries occurring near end of cardiac cycle when ventricles are contracting–is 1st part of heartbeat

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6
Q

diastole pressure

A

2nd contraction of heart–is min pressure in arteries occurring near beg. of next cardiac cycle when ventricles are filled w/ blood–is 2nd part of heartbeat

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7
Q

normal BP (adult) =

A

120 / 80

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8
Q

hypotension (adult) =

A

<95 / <60

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9
Q

high-normal / pre-HTN (adult) =

A

120-139 / 85-89

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10
Q

Stage 1 HTN (adult) =

A

140-159 (s) OR 90-99 (d)

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11
Q

Stage 2 HTN (adult) =

A

160-179 (s) OR 100-109 (d)

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12
Q

Stage 3 HTN – severe (adult) =

A

180-209 (s) OR 110-119 (d)

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13
Q

Stage 4 HTN – very severe (adult) =

A

> 210 (s) OR >120 (d)

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14
Q

pre-HTN

A

systolic & / or diastolic pressure for sex, age, & ht ≥90th %ile but <95th %ile

adolescents w/ ≥120 / 80 have pre-HTN

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15
Q

normal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) blood glucose when fasting (adult) =

A

70-115 mg / dL

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16
Q

normal HgbA1C value (adult) =

A

4-8%

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17
Q

normal triglyceride when fasting (adult) =

A

40-150 mg / dL

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18
Q

desirable total cholesterol (adult) =

A

<200 mg / dL

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19
Q

LDL =

A

total cholesterol - [HDL + (TG / 5)]

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19
Q

optimal LDL cholesterol (adult) =

A

<100 mg / dL

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20
Q

desirable (↑) HDL cholesterol (adult) =

A

male: >40 mg / dL
female: >60 mg / dL

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21
Q

ideal HDL : cholesterol

A

1 : 3

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22
Q

low CHD risk c-reactive protein (adult)

A

<1 mg / L

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23
Q

criteria for met. syndrome

A

need 3 of 5:

  • central obesity | waist circ. male: >42” & female: >35”
  • ↑ triglycerides: ≥150 mg / dL
  • ↓ HDL (male: 100 mg / dL)
  • ↑ BP (≥ 130 / 85)
  • insulin resistance
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24
Q

normal protein level in blood (adult) =

A

6-8.9 g / dL

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25
Q

normal albumin level in blood (adult) =

A

3.5-5 g / dL

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26
Q

normal pre-albumin (PAB) level in blood (adult) =

A

19-43 mg / dL

27
Q

normal transferrin level in blood (adult) =

A

200-400 μg / dL

28
Q

normal ferritin level in blood (adult) =

A

male: 12-300 ng / mL
female: 10-150 ng / mL

29
Q

normal c-reactive protein (CRP) level in blood (adult) =

A

<.8 mg / dL

30
Q

total lymphocyte count (TLC) =

A

(WBC x % lymph) / 100

31
Q

normal total lymphocyte count (TLC) level in blood (adult) =

A

2,000-3,500 cells / mm^3

32
Q

hypoxia

A

inadequate O tension at cellular level–common in obese pts.

  • tachycardia (pulse >100 bpm)
  • HTN
  • peripheral vasoconstriction
  • dizziness
  • mental confusion
  • obesity
33
Q

normal WBC count (2 yo-adult) =

A

> 5,000-10,000 / mm^3 (= 5-10 / m^3)

34
Q

lymphocyte concentration in WBCs =

A

20-40%

35
Q

lymphocyte

A

WBC that fights chronic bacterial infections & acute viral infections–types: T-cells & B-cells

36
Q

T-cell

A

lymphocyte–involved in cellular-type immune rxn–stimulate B-cell response–ex: fungal & viral infections & transplant rejections

37
Q

B-cell

A

lymphocyte–participates in anti-body production / humoral immunity–synthesizes & releases anti-bodies / immunoglobulins→anti-body binds to antigen & inactivates it

38
Q

erythropoietin

A

hormone produced in kidney–stimulates production of RBCs in bone marrow–is secreted in response to hypoxia (↓ blood O)

39
Q

hemoglobin

A

protein w/in RBC–carries O to cells & transports CO2 from cells to lungs for release–makes up ~1/3 of each RBC

hema = blood
globin = protein
40
Q

normal RBC level =

A

4.15-4.90 x 10^6 / mm^3

41
Q

anemia

A

condition that results when RBCs have ↓ed by 10%

42
Q

protoporphyrin

A

RBC & precursor of heme–accumulates in RBCs when amt. of heme that can be produced is limited b/c ↓ level of Fe–is ↑ed in Fe def. & lead poisoning

43
Q

normal protoporhyrin level =

A

.622 ± .27 μmol / L (of RBCs)

44
Q

hemoglobin (Hgb)

A

main component of RBCs–is most common direct measure of Fe status

45
Q

normal Hgb level (adult) =

A

male: 14-18 g / dL
female: 12-16 g / dL

46
Q

hematocrit (Hct)

A

measure of % of RBCs in total blood volume

47
Q

normal Hct level =

A

male: 39-49%
female: 33-43%

48
Q

transferrin

A

binds to Fe in plasma & transports it to bone marrow for production of Hgb

49
Q

ferritin

A

storage of remaining Fe (after that bound to transferrin) in liver for future use

50
Q

hemosiderin

A

storage of remaining Fe (after that bound to transferrin) in tissues for future use

51
Q

serum Fe

A

Fe bound to transferrin for transport throughout body

52
Q

total iron binding capacity (TIBC)

A

indirect measure of transferrin–when unavailable, transferrin is directly measured & used

53
Q

normal folate level =

A

5-20 μg / mL

used to evaluate hemolytic disorders & detect megaloblastic anemia–↑ed levels in those w/ pernicious anemia

54
Q

normal homocysteine (Hcy) level =

A

7-22 μmol / L

55
Q

normal serum Vit. B12 level =

A

160-950 pg / mL

56
Q

normal ferritin level =

A

male: 12-300 ng / mL
female: 10-150 ng / mL

57
Q

normal serum Fe level =

A

male: 80-180 μg / dL
female: 60-190 μg / dL

58
Q

normal mean corpuscular volume (MCV) level =

A

80-95 μm^3

59
Q

hemolytic anemia

A

result of rapid premature destruction of RBCs in circulation–may be due to def. of Vit. E or excess of Vit. E

60
Q

normocytic, normochromic anemia

A

normal size & normal color–due to Fe def., chronic illness, acute blood loss, aplastic anemia, & acquired hemolytic anemia

61
Q

microcytic, normochromic anemia

A

small size & normal color–due to renal disease (loss of erythropoietin)

62
Q

macrocytic, normochromic anemia

A

large size & normal color–aka megaloblastic / macrocytic anemia–due to ↓ed ability to synthesize new cells & DNA b/c def. of Vit. B12, folate, thiamin, or Vit. B6 (pyridoxine)–hydantoin ingestion & chemotherapy contribute

63
Q

microcytic, hypochromic anemia

A

small size & pale color–is Fe-def. anemia (most common nut. anemia–affects many dif. groups)–caused by:

  • ↓ Fe intake or Fe competition w/ another element (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cm)
  • impaired heme synthesis→inability to absorb, transport, store, or utilize Fe
  • rapid growth (infants, children, & pregnant women)
  • pica during pregnancy
  • Fe loss during menstruation
  • frequent blood donation
  • frequent aspirin use→possible GI bleeding
  • GI disorders that cause GI bleeding
64
Q

Stage 1 of Fe depletion

A

1st of 3 stages of Fe-def. anemia–Fe stores depleted–NO symptoms
indicated by:
-↓ serum ferritin level
-other tests are w/in normal limit (WNL)

65
Q

Stage 2 of Fe depletion

A

2nd of 3 stages of Fe-def. anemia–NO anemia–early or mild Fe. def. (NO symptoms)
indicated by:
-↓ed ferritin
-↓ed transferrin saturation
-↑ed RBC protoporphyrin (protein precursor of Hgb)
-Hgb may ↓ marginally or stay WNL→is NOT useful indicator of Stage 1 or Stage 2 Fe depletion

66
Q

Stage 3 of Fe depletion

A

final stage of Fe-def. anemia–state of maximum Fe depletion (is Fe-def. anemia: Hgb level below normal ref. range for sex & age)
indicated by:
-↓ed serum ferritin
-↓ed transferrin saturation
-↓ed Hgb
-↓ed MCV
-↑ RBC protoporhyrin (protein precursor of Hgb)

DIET 310 (2 decks)

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