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test 3 psych > test 3 > Flashcards

test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Civil commitment

A

must be a danger to yourself or others

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2
Q

2 types of forensic evaluations done in civil court

A

Competency to Stand Trial, custody hearing

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3
Q

2 ways that civil commitment
differs from criminal commitment

A

Civil is not a set time. Civil is not punishment. Crim is punitive. Civil is for help

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4
Q

What are Sexually Violent
Predator (SVP) laws

A

When sex offenders are civilly committed to keep them away from society

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5
Q

What are the 2 main questions that psychologists need to assess when conducting evaluations for
personal injury lawsuits

A

Presence of damage and cause of damage

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6
Q

Name the 4 main goals of punishment

A

Retribution, rehabilitation, Deterrence, and Incapacitation

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7
Q

Name 2 alternatives to traditional sentencing of offenders

A

Public shaming, drug and alc court

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8
Q

Provide 2 pieces of information about incarceration rates in the United States today

A

highest number for a 1st world country. Disproportional for minorities

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9
Q

What are 2 pieces of evidence to suggest that prison is not a general deterrent to crime?

A

Us has high homicide and violent crime rates compared to other Western nations

Compare states with 3 strike laws to states without them

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10
Q

2 ways that sentencing for sex offenders differs from sentencing for other types of offenders

A

mandatory rehab, register as sex offender, longer sentencing

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11
Q

How do death penalty trials differ
from regular criminal trials

A

Jury must decide whether to impose the death penalty.

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12
Q

an aggravating factor and
an example of a mitigating factor in a death penalty trial

A

Aggravating factor: rape, torture makes them look worse. Mitigating factor: pillar of community, mental illness

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13
Q

that the death penalty is not a deterrent for murder

A

Following public murders/executions, a small but significant increase in murder, violent crime, and After states have reinstitute death penalty, rates same or higher

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14
Q

What is required in order to become “death qualified” as a juror

A

Can’t be against the death penalty

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15
Q

What did the Supreme Court decide in the case Roper v. Simmons

A

Supreme court ruled juvenile death penalty cruel and unusual, banned it

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16
Q

2 sources of bias in death penalty cases

A

Largest source of bias: race of defendant and victim, Inconsistent application violates “equal protection” clauses of Constitution

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17
Q

What is the significance of the Supreme Court case Gregg v. Georgia (1976)?

A

brought back the death penalty 2 pronged, Only certain crimes eligible: murder, treason, and espionage

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18
Q

Name 2 ineffective rehabilitation
programs for juveniles

A

Scared straight, boot camp, wilderness camps. They Don’t target risk factors for delinquency
Kids are grouped with other delinquent kids

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19
Q

Describe an effective treatment
program for delinquent youth

A

Multi-systemic therapy (MST)
Are intensive and long-term (1+ years)
Target multiple contexts of child’s life

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20
Q

How do rehabilitation programs for adults differ from programs for juveniles

A

Institutional based programs are more common
High rates of mental illness in jail/prisons

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21
Q

Name 2 community-based rehabilitation programs for adult offenders

A

Probation, Drug courts

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22
Q

List 3 areas of effectiveness for community-based juvenile rehabilitation programs

A

Multi-systemic therapy (MST)
Oregon treatment foster care (OTFC)
Functional Family Therapy

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23
Q

What is the difference between peremptory challenges and challenges for cause

A

Peremptory challenges limited amount set by a judge can eliminate anyone for any reason besides discrimination. Challenges for cause unlimited to get rid of bias

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24
Q

similarity-leniency hypothesis
of jury decision-making

A

Similarity-leniency hypothesis if weak evidence if similar to defendant will be less harsh to
2 observable characteristics: race and gender

25
Q

Name 1 personality attribute that impacts juror decisions

A

Authortanism is going to vote more punitive. Locus of control. External believes in luck. Internal doesn’t going to vote guilty

26
Q

Name 2 things that jurors are
not good at doing during a trial

A

forgetting misheard information and judges instructions

27
Q

2 observable characteristics of potential jurors that may impact their decisions

A

Gender and Race

28
Q

Name an extralegal factor that can influence jury decisions

A

gender, race, prior convictions

29
Q

What does the M’Naghten test for insanity require

A

Don’t know the nature or appreciate your behavior

30
Q

The insanity defense is an affirmative defense. What does that mean

A

Burden of proof to defense

31
Q

What is the test for
competency to stand trial

A

Dusky Standard. Does it impair his ability to participate in the criminal justice system

32
Q

What happens to a defendant who is found Incompetent to Stand Trial

A

Trial stops and has to get competent to resume again

33
Q

Describe 1 myth about the insanity defense and explain why it is wrong

A

Happens all the time

34
Q

Name 2 differences between competency to stand trial and insanity

A

Mental state CTST at court insanity time of crime. CTST can be brought up by anyone, an insanity burden of proof on defense

35
Q

Describe the conflict of
“equality vs. discretion”

A

Equality: all people who commit the same crime should have the same consequences. “All people are created equal”
Discretion: using judgements about the circumstances of the crime to determine how the system should respond.

36
Q

What would a psychologist functioning as policy evaluator be likely to do in the legal system?

A

sex offender notification

37
Q

Balancing a sex offender’s right to freedom with society’s right to safety is an example of which conflict in the legal system?

A

Individual Rights vs The Common Good

38
Q

There are 2 views on the purposes of a trial. Name one of them.

A

find out the truth, get justice

39
Q

These people are hired by the Court or attorneys on a case to evaluate a defendant and provide their results to the Court

A

Forensic evaluators

40
Q

Name 2 ways that a person can be arrested by the police.

A
41
Q

What is the role of a grand jury

A

decides whether probable cause exists for each charge

42
Q

What happens at an arraignment

A

first appearance at court. Set bail, read charges and plea

43
Q

How is a civil trial different from a criminal trial

A

Plaintiff vs. Defendant
Case brought by injured party
Seek monetary damages for wrongdoing
Burden of proof
Preponderance of the evidence
Verdict: rule in favor of a party
Award $$$

44
Q

Which side goes first during a trial, and why

A

Prosecution because they have the burden of truth

45
Q

Name 1 brain area thought to be
related to criminal behavior

A

Frontal lobe/prefrontal cortex

46
Q

Describe the Control Theory of criminal behavior

A

we are born with a criminal predisposition, must learn to control impulses

47
Q

What do studies examining the genetic contribution to crime typically find

A

If predisposed to crime with a criminal family leads to crime

48
Q

Name 1 psychological risk factor for criminal behavior

A

Cognitive theories: focus on perception of events and info processing
Antisocial attitudes: thoughts, feelings, and beliefs supportive of crime

49
Q

How might the Hostile Attribution Bias lead to crime

A

viewing neutral people as hostile

50
Q

What are the 3 stages of memory

A

Encoding, storage, and retrieval

51
Q

Name 2 factors that influence the encoding of criminal events and may impact one’s memory for them

A

weapon focus, how traumatic it was, cross race, lighting, drugs/alc

52
Q

What is the difference between a sequential and a simultaneous lineup? Which is more accurate

A

Simultaneous see them all at once more false positives. Sequential see one at a time.

53
Q

Name 3 recommendations by psychologists to police to help promote accurate eyewitness identifications of suspects

A

Don’t provide feedback, sequential lineup, tell them the suspect might not be here

54
Q

According to the Innocence Project, what is the #1 cause of wrongful convictions in the US

A

Eyewitness testimony

55
Q

What are 2 reasons that juveniles are more likely to falsely confess than adults

A

trust adults, and do not understand the consequences

56
Q

What are the 2 types of
lie detector tests?
Which is more accurate

A

Control Question test (CQT)

Guilty Knowledge Test

GKT more accurate

57
Q

If we want to distinguish a liar
from a truth-teller,
what cue(s) should we focus on

A

diagnostic cues
Verbal (non-verbal) cues: the story itself
Truthful stories are more detailed, more likely to be missing pieces (I can’t remember)

58
Q

Are polygraph results admitted
into US criminal courts?
Why or why not

A

No because they are inaccurate.

59
Q

3 types of false confessions

A

Voluntary false confessions: people who come forward and confess

Compliant false confessions: Confessing to escape or avoid excessive/lengthy interrogations

Internalized false confession: after prolonged interrogation, some suspects come to believe that they committed the crime

test 3 psych (1 decks)

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