Test 3 Flashcards
verify identification using 2 sources (name and date of birth) before administering any medication
Right Client
read medication labels and compare them with the MAR 3 times before removing from the container, when removing the amount of the medication, and int he presence of the client before adminstering the medication
Right medication
calculate the correct medication _____ to decrease errors ask another nurse to verfiy
Right dosage
oral, topical, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, sublingual, buccal, intradermal, transdermal, epidural, inhalation, nasal, ophthalmic, otic, rectal, vaginal
right route
administer medication on ____ to maintain a consistent therapeutic blood level. within 30 mins of ____ critical medications
Right time
immediately record pertinent information including the clients response to the medication, document the medication after administration not before
right documentation
verify that the drug prescribed is appropriate to treat the patients condition
Right reason
collect any essential data before and after administering any medication
Right assessment data
inform clients about the medication its purpose what to expect how to take it what to report
Right education
any time a medication is given their response should be recorded to make sure it is known to all treating the patient
Right response
Document that the client did not want to take the medication. explain consequences
Right to refuse
What are the 11 rights of medication administration?
Right patients Right Route Right Dose Right Medication Right time Right Documentation Right Reason Right assessment data Right Education Right Response Right to refuse
What does ADME stand for?
Asorption
Distribution
Metabolize
Excretion
is the change that occurs in a drug into a more or less potent form of the drug, more soluble form, or an inactive form of the drug
Metabolism
is the movement of the drug through the circulatory system to its intended action site
distributuion
which part of the body receives the highest level level of the drug due to high blood supply
liver heart kidneys
is the elimination of a drug or it metabolites through various parts of the body
excretion
is the effect the body has on a drug once the drug enters the body,
pharmacokinetics
movement of drug from the site of administration to various tissues of the body
absorption
are the biochemical changes that occur in the body as a result of taking a drug
Pharmacodynamics
is the amount of time it takes for the drug to demonstrate a therapeutic response
onset of action
is the concentration of drug in the blood serum that produces the desired effect without causing toxicity
therapeutic range
the amount the time it takes for 50% of the serum concentration of a drug to be eliminated from the body.
half life
Parts of a medication order (7)
Patient’s name and a secondary identifier (DOB, medical record number)
Date and time the order is written
Name of drug to be administered
Dosage of the drug
Route by which the drug is to be administered
Frequence of administration of the drug
Signature of the prescribing provider
PRN means?
as needed
a single order which is carried out immediately
stat order
PO means?
by mouth
IM
intramuscular
IV
intravenous
qd
once a day
b.i.d
twice a day
t.i.d
three times a day
q.i.d
four times a day
parenteral route means?
injecting drug into
procedures for giving non parenteral medications (7)
verify order using 5 rights
check chart for allergies
assess client 2 way identifier
ask client to verify any allergies
perform any specific assessments, verify ability to take medication orally
identify how client takes meds - h20 crushed in food juice
obtain appropriate meds
Rectal and Vaginal medications are called?
Suppositories
Medication used for the nose are (2)
nasal and inhaler
liquid medication can come in the form of (3)
suspensions, elixir, syrup
medication for the eyes are called
ophthalmic
medication for the ears are called
otic
an oral coated tablet or capsule which prevents stomach irritation
enteric coated
drug manufactured with coating that slows metabolism until in a certain part of the body or is released slowly and continously rather than immediate
extended release
medication that is applied directly to skin for iffusion into skin and subsequently into the bloodstream
transdermal
What is the side effect for digoxin? (5)
yellow green halo for eyes, nausea, anorexia, vomiting arrythmias
what is the assessment for digoxin?
apical and radial pulse blood pressure electrolytes level
what is digoxin used for?
arrythmias
When would you hold administration of digoxin?
Apical pulse lower than 60 bpm
what kind of medication is furosemide?
loop diuretic
what assessment do you need for furosemide?
BP, potassium levels/content, fluid status
what are the side effects for furosemide? (3)
increased urination, orthostatic hypertension, hypokalemia
what are the side effects of acetametophin
jaundice , stomach ulcer
what kind of medication is acetaminophen?
antipyretic /relieves pain reduces pain
what assessment do you need for acetaminophen?
check for liver function
what kind of medication is metropolol?
beta blocker (slows hr)
whats the side effect of taking metropolol?
bradycardia
what assessments do you need for metropolol?
BP and apical pulse
when would you hold metropolol?
apical pulse below 50 bpm
the level of a drug that leads to permanent damage or death
toxicity
the highest plasma concentration of the drug when absorption is complete
peak
secondary harmful effects that lead to injury or damage
adverse effects
alterations in pharmacokinetics in the older adult (6)
decrease in protein binding site decreased gastric mobility decreased liver function decreased kidney function increased adipose tissue body water and muscle mass decrease
Absorption distribution metabolism excretion is all apart of ?
Pharmacokinetics
Onset of action , peak, half-life, duration is?
Pharmacodynamics
Pain that is less than 6 months
Acute
Pain that is more than 6 months
Chronic
vital sign changes is related to what kind of pain?
acute pain
no vital sign changes is related to what type pf pain?
chronic pain
what are the signs and symptoms of pain?
vital sign changes grimacing diaphoresis body positioning withdrawn craddling area patients statement of pain
what is the the assessments for pain?
PQRST, vital signs objective and subjective data, effects on adl
P stands for?
precepitation cause
Q stands for?
quality
R stands for?
region
S stand for
severity
T stands for ?
timing
what are interventions for acute pain?
stabalize vitals, administer pain meds, monitor vitals
What are some pharmacological vs nonpharm methods for acute pain?
meds as ordered, acupuncture, heat and cold therapy, dim lighting, massages , calm enviornment
what does heat therapy do?
increases blood flow and relaxes muscles
what does cold therapy do?
reduce swelling and inflammation and constricts blood vessels
what is the most common cause of legal blindness?
Macular degeneration
loss of peripheral vision
glacoma
loss of central vision
macular degeneratio
cloudy lens
cataeacts
spotty vision
diabetic retinopathy
loss of near vision due to age
presbyopia
P in PERRLA
PUPILS
E IN PERRLA
EQUAL
BOTH R’S IN PERRLA
ROUND AND REACTIVE
L IN PERRLA
LIGHT
A IN PERRLA
ACCOMODATION
EOM stands for
extraocular musclle functions test
loss of high frequence
presbycusis
temporary outer and or middle ear loss
conductive hearing
involves damage to the inner ear cochlea and fibers of the eight cranial nerve
sensorineural hearing loss
occurs when there is too much stimuli for the brain to porcess at once
sensory overload
is the loss of one of the senses
sensory deprivation
which crainial nerve is affected with hearing loss?
cranial nerve 8
which cranial nerves is affected with vision?
2 , 3 , 4 , 6
cranial nerve 2 is ?
optic
cranial never 3 is?
occulomotor
cranial nerve 4 is
trochlear
cranial nerve 6 is ?
abducens
cranial nerve 8 is?
vetibulacohlear
