Test 3 Flashcards
Theodosius Dobzhansky stated,
Nothing in biology makes sense, except in the light of evolution.”
What is the definition of Evolution?
change over time in the genetic makeup a
population.
What involves changes in a population (with a species) over time,
Microevolution
What occurs above the species level and involves vast amounts of time?
Macroevolution
what is the other evolutionary process known as?
As punctuated equilibrium
How long have humans been domestication dogs
15,000 years
What is artificial selection
is process involves selectively breeding for
desirable traits
Name the 4 general types of evidence that support evolution
- Direct observations
- Homology
- The fossil record
- Biogeography
What is the name of the process by which a species or group of related
species evolves rapidly into many different species that occupy new habitats or
geographic zones.
Adaptive radiation
What are the two main types of fossils?
Body fossils (actual parts of the organism)
trace fossils (tracks, footprints, excrement, molds and casts).
What is a method of placing fossils in relative
sequence to each other based on their location in the sedimentary strata.
stratigraphy
what is the more exact meaning of dating fossils and what is it based on
absolute dating, or radioactive dating, and radioactive decay of certain isotopes
What is this fossil and what does it represent?
Name - Tiktaalik
Represent- Transitional phase between fish and amphibians.
What is this fossil and what does it represent?
Name - archaeopteryx
Represent- Transitional form between non avian dinosaurs and birds
What are the three types of homology studied
- Anatomical
- Embryological
- Molecular
Name three Vestigial structures found in humans
- Coccyx
- Wisdom teeth
- Third eyelid ( nictiating membrane)
what is the first of the three mechanisms we discussed alter allele frequency and cause the most evolutionary change? Why is it unique? Give an example?
- Natural selection
- its Unique because its The only mechanism that is NOT RANDOM
- A bird with a small beak would not be able to eat large, hard seeds.
what is the second of the three mechanisms we discussed alter allele frequency and cause the most evolutionary change? Give an example?
- Genetic drift
- The river near the rabbits’ habitat floods, killing many rabbits.
what is the last one of the three mechanisms we discussed alter allele frequency and cause the most evolutionary change? Give an example?
- Gene Flow
- Human movemet today promotes gene flow
(Lab Activity Questions)
What is the independent variable of the experiment.
The beak being used.
(Lab Activity Questions)
What is the dependent variable of the expirement
What food is avalible
(Lab Activity Questions)
Which sparrow’s beak was best adapted to each particular type of food?
Tweezers
(Lab Activity Questions)
Which sparrow’s beak was least adapted to each particular type of food?
Scissors
Lab Activity Questions
In nature, why is being a generalist sometimes an advantage over being a specialist?
A generalist would have more of an advantage because they have more options and more advantages unlike specialist. A specialist sticks is very limited to there options.
Lab Activity Questions
Which sparrow would have the advantage if all food sources were to disappear on the island leaving behind only marbles? If the marbles remained the only food source, which kind of beak would the sparrow population have in a several years?
Hooker sparrow had the adantage. The tweezers would be the best beak for several years.
