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TMS 211 > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

nylon is most degraded by

A

ultraviolet light

acid (low ph)

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2
Q

nylon can be produced with what fiber cross-sectional shapes

A

round
tri-lobal
hollow

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3
Q

nylon fibers are made using what process

A

melt spinning

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4
Q

nylon has a low elongation compared to most other textile fibers

A

false

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5
Q

at standard lab conditions nylon absorbs how much moisture content

A

4%

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6
Q

nylon is an excellent choice for carpet because

A
  • its resilient
  • when wet, it has a very low glass transition temperature
  • it resists wear
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7
Q

nylon has high tenacity compared to what other fibers

A

rayon and acrylic

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8
Q

the melting temperature of nylon 6,6 is approximately (depending upon molecular weight)

A

250 c

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9
Q

nylon 6,6 has how many carbon atoms in the backbone of the monomer unit

A

12

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10
Q

nylon is used in what applications requiring great toughness (combining strength and elongation)

A

rope and tent

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11
Q

Fibers classified as polyester contain what chemical groups

A

C=O, An aromatic ring

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12
Q

the melting temp of polyester is approximately

A

250 C

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13
Q

polyester is most degraded by

A

hot concentrated alkali (high pH)

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14
Q

polyester has high tenacity compared to what other fibers

A

rayon and acrylic

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15
Q

polyester can be produced with what fiber cross sectional shape

A

round
tri-lobal
hollow

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16
Q

polyester fibers are made using what process

A

melt-spinning

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17
Q

at standard lab conditions polyester absorbs how much mositure content

A

.4%

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18
Q

polyester is often blended with fibers made from other polymers

A

true

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19
Q

polyester is used in what applications requiring high strength

A

rope
tent
marine anchor rope

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20
Q

polyester is an excellent choice for what end uses because of its hydrophobicity

A

geotextiles
fish nets
boat sails

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21
Q

olefin is an excellent choice for what end uses because of its resistance to uv light

A

carpet
geotextiles
upholstery

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22
Q

at standard lab conditions olefin absorbs how much moisture content

A

.1%

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23
Q

olefin fibers are made using what process

A

melt spinning and gel spinning

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24
Q

the mass density of olefin fibers contributes to what characterisitcs

A

it floats on water
high strength-weight ratio
high tenacity

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25
Q

Olefin is most degraded by

A

organic solvents

UV light

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26
Q

olefin can be produced with what fiber cross sectional shapes

A

round
tri-lobal
hollow

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27
Q

fibers classified as polyethylene contain what chemical groups

A

C-H

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28
Q

fibers classified as polypropylene contain what chemical groups

A

CH3 and C-H

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29
Q

Olefin is used in what applications requiring high strength

A

bail twine
rope
bags

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30
Q

the melting temp of polypropylene is approx

A

165 C

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31
Q

rayon has low tenacity compared to what other fibers

A

olefin
nylon
acrylic

32
Q

rayon fibers are made using what process

A

wet spinning

33
Q

during the production of rayon, large amount of what are produced

A

polluting effluent

34
Q

how do you ger cellulose during production of rayon

A

by removing from wood pulp or another source

35
Q

will the molecular weight during rayon production by reduced or gained

36
Q

how will cellulose be extruded during the rayon production

A

cellulose must be dissolved in a solvent

37
Q

rayon is most degraded by

A

acid (low pH)
microorganism
hot concentrated alkali (high PH)

38
Q

rayon absorbs nearly twice as much moisture as cotton because

A

it has twice as much amorphous mass

39
Q

rayon is often blended with fibers made from other polymers

40
Q

fibers classified as rayon contain what chemical groups

A

C-O, CH2OH

41
Q

the melting temp of rayon is approx

A

with decompose before it melts

42
Q

at standard lab conditions rayon absorbs how much moisture content

43
Q

rayon differs from cotton in what ways

A

rayon has lower tenacity
rayon loses strength when wet
rayon has less crystallinity

44
Q

acetate absorbs much less moisture than rayon bc

A

hydroxyl groups have been replaced by acetyl groups

45
Q

acetate has low tenacity compared to what other fibers

A

nylon
acrylic
olefin
rayon

46
Q

where does cellulose come durign acetate production

A

wood pulp or other source

47
Q

what large amounts are produced during acetate production

A

polluting effluent

48
Q

how is cellulose extruded during acetate production

A

dissolved in solvent

49
Q

what happens to molecular weight in acetate production

50
Q

how does acetate differ from tri-acetate

A

tri-acetate is more like polyester

tri-acetate has all of the hydroxyl groups acetylated

51
Q

acetate is most degraded by

A

concentrated acid (low pH)
hot concentrated alkali (high pH)
organic solvents

52
Q

acetate fibers are made using what process

A

dry spinning

53
Q

at standard lab conditions acetate absorbs how much mositure

54
Q

acetate has low tenacity compared to what fibers

A

nylon
polyester
olefin
acrylic

55
Q

is chain growth polymericzation used in acrylic production

56
Q

what happens to acrylonitrile polymer during acrylic production

A

dissolved in solvent

57
Q

acrylic is often not blended with fibers made from other polymers and used as 100% acrylic

58
Q

all fibers classified as arylic contain what chemical groups

59
Q

at standard lab conditions acrylic absorbs how much mositure content

60
Q

the melting temp of acrylic is approx

A

decomposes before it melts

61
Q

acrylic is most degraded by

A

hot concentrated alkali (high pH)

hot concentrated acid (low pH)

62
Q

bc it is resistant to microorganism’s and has high thermal resistance, acrylic Is used in what applications

A

blankets

apparel

63
Q

acyrlic differs from wool in what ways

A

wool has lower tenacity
acrylic is hydrophonic and generates static charges
acrylic resists microorganisms and insents

64
Q

acrylic is often blended with fibers made from other polymers

65
Q

acrylic fibers are made using what processes

A

wet spinning

dry spinning

66
Q

rubber has great abrasion resistance comapred to spandex

67
Q

spandex is commonlu used in what products

68
Q

elastomers at the molecular level are shaped like

69
Q

how are polyurethane fibers created

A

dry spinning
wet spinning
melt spinning

70
Q

how do you harvest rubber

A

it is derived by a tree barn

71
Q

kevlar and nomex have the same chemical structure

72
Q

the following fibers have great fiber resistance

73
Q

the following fibers have a high tensile strength

A

spectra, Kevlar, HDPE

74
Q

nomex is commonlu used in tennis racquets to increase strength

75
Q

kevalr and nomex have the same chemical formula

TMS 211 (4 decks)

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