test 2.7

Question 1

what type of rigs were used before rotary tool rigs

Answer 1

cable tool rigs

Question 2

name the 6 parts of a cable tool rig

Answer 2

• derrick
• engine
• drilling cable
• drill stem
• drill bit
• bailer

Question 3

what are the advantages of a cable tool rig

Answer 3

• Suitable for remote settings
• Low fuel consumption
• Low capital investment and cheap maintenance
• Efficient use of personnel
• Simple design

Question 4

what are the disadvantages of a cable tool rig

Answer 4

• Very slow
• Rock chips remain in the hole
• Limited to vertical holes
• Suitable for shallow depths
• very dangerous because of lack of pressure control

Question 5

what are the components of a rotary rig

Answer 5

Question 6

what are the components of a hoisting system

Answer 6

Question 7

what are the 5 components of a rotary system

Answer 7

Question 8

what are the 3 components of a rotary mechanism

Answer 8

Question 9

describe top drives

Answer 9

• Developed in the 1970s
• Becoming very popular
• more efficient than conventional rotary systems

Question 10

what does a drill string do

Answer 10

Question 11

what is a drill bit and its common specs

Answer 11

• Located at the bottom of the drill string
• Breaks up & dislodges the formation rock
• Common diameters of 3 3/4 to 26 in
• Rotating at a rate of 50-100 rpm

Question 12

what are the 4 drill bit types

Answer 12

• tricone
• blade (Drag, Wing, Fishtail)
• polycrystalline diamond compact
• diamond

Question 13

what are blade drill bits used for and how does it cut rock

Answer 13

• unconsolidated formations
• cuts the rock by shearing force

Question 14

how do tricone bits cut rock and what are two types

Answer 14

• cuts by crushing and chipping

Milled teeth

– Long toothed for soft formation

– Short toothed for medium hard formations

Insert or button type

– Tungsten carbide buttons implanted on the cone

– Designed to drill hard rocks

Question 15

what are Polycrystalline Diamond Compact drill bits

Answer 15

Man-made polycrystalline diamonds attached to the carbide inserts

Question 16

what are diamond drill bits

Answer 16

• Industrial diamonds implanted on bit
• Extremely hard formations
• 40-50 times harder than steel bits

Question 17

what are the components of the circulating system

Answer 17

Question 18

drilling mud is a mixture of clay with what?

Answer 18

• Water (water-based)
• Oil (oil-based)
• Oil and water (emulsion mud)
• Water & a synthetic organic matter (synthetic-based)

Question 19

what is the purpose of circulating mud

Answer 19

• Cool and lubricate the drill bit
• Remove debris and cuttings
• Stabilize the well wall and prevent formation fluids from entering the wellbore

Question 20

what is overbalanced drilling

Answer 20

Mud hydrostatic pressure > Formation pressure

• Prevent reservoir fluids from entering wellbore
• Drilling mud is forced into the surrounding rocks

Question 21

what is underbalanced drilling

Answer 21

Mud hydrostatic pressure < Formation pressure

• Reservoir fluids flow into the wellbore
• Sides of the well to cave in
• Equipment trapped
• Blowout

Question 22

what is the power system on a drilling rig

Answer 22

Question 23

what are the parts of the well monitoring system

Answer 23

• Sensors, gauges, indicators, alarms

Question 24

what is the purpose of the well control system

Answer 24

Detect, stop and remove undesired formation fluid in the borehole

Question 25

what is a kick

Answer 25

Undesired entrance of formation fluid into the borehole

Question 26

what is a blowout

Answer 26

Uncontrolled release of formation fluids from the well to the surface

Question 27

what is the purpose of a blowout preventer and its parts

Answer 27