Test 2 vocab Flashcards
Adonai
Hebrew word for lord
Diaspora
Living wherever they went as a religious minority
YHWH
Tetragrammaton; used instead of saying or writing Yahweh
Sanhedrin
Supreme council, with the high priest of the temple at its head
Sadducees
Small group of leading priests and wealthy aristocrats
Pharisees
Movement focused on understanding and interpreting the Torah to achieve holiness through exact observance of God’s commandments
Zealots
Group that engaged in armed resistance against the Romans
Essenes
Group of radically pious Jews; detested Sadducees, regarded temple leadership as corrupted
Yeshua ha Notzri
Jesus of Nazareth, in Hebrew
Rabbi
Teacher
Minim
Heretics
Mishna
A compilation of rabbinical legal opinions up to that time
Gemarra
Rabbinic commentary
Talmud
Virtual encyclopedia of rabbinic legal discussion
Ehad
Hebrew word that can mean alone or one
L’chaim
To life
Bris
Ceremony of circumcision
Bar mitzvah
“Son of the commandment” at age 13, boy assume the rights and responsibilities of adult Jewish males
Minyan
Quorum of ten or more Jewish males required for certain forms of Jewish worship
Mazel tov
Literally means good luck, but used more as one has had good luck, ie congratulations
Kosher
Fit for eating
Holy
To be set apart
Seder
Ritual meal that consists of certain foods
Matzo
Unleavened bread
Sephardic
From sepharad, the Jewish name for Spain
Ashkenazic
The Jewish name for northern France and Germany
Nostra Aetate
The council’s declaration on the relation of the church to non-Christian religions; not only impacted Catholics but also challenged other Christian churches to look at their thinking and attitudes toward Judaism and the Jewish people
Church
Assembly; stemming from the word ekklesia
Filioque
“And from the son,” words that the western church added to the Nicene Creed
Anawim
Any at risk group; the voiceless; the poor
Yamulka
A skull cap worn by orthodox and some conservative Jewish males
Goy(im)
A Yiddish term used to describe non-Jews
Hijra
The birthday of Islam commemorating the move from Mecca to medina
Hajj
A “return to the center” when Muslims make their pilgrimage to Mecca.
Infidel
A person who, aware of the many gifts of God, is not grateful to God for those gifts
Koran
“Recite” also known as the Islamic scripture
Medina
Also known as the “city of the prophet”
Quraysh
The leading tribe in Mecca to which Muhammad belonged, but warred with him for 8 yrs
Hadith
A collection of Muhammad’s words and actions
Pentecost
The birthday of the Christian church
Solidarity
Many people and talents joined together in order to help the poor, oppressed, thru social justice
Hegemony
The ruling group or party; those in charge
Jesus
Savior
Christ
The anointed one; messiah
Islam
Surrender, peace
Jihad
Struggle for God (particularly inner struggle)
Sharia
The Islamic law interpreted from the Quran
Hijab
Islamic head covering for women
