Test 2 Review Flashcards
The “Irascibles” in the January 15, 1951 issue of Life Magazine
This is a picture of the famous artists of the day. They all kind of have different styles but the same ethos, or beliefs. For example, Existentialism which is the belief that humans are alone in the world, or seperated from the God’s
19 Jackson Pollock, Autumn Rhythm: Number 30
jackson is pretty famous and influenced a lot of artists after him. His first name was paul and changed his name at the age of 15 to jackson. He struggled with alcoholism and depression, so started psychotherapy and brought his paintings with to help him through therapy. Later on he became more abstract or spontaneous.
Jackson Pollock, Number 1
put unstreched canvas on the ground and used sticks to paint with. His techniques were kind of controversial. He wouldnt ever actually touch the canvas with the brush or stick. He would use a painting style called “drip painting” or “action painting” His description of action painting was an arena in which to act.
Hans Nemuth, Photgraph of Jackson Pollock Painting
“Technique is just the means of arriving at a statement.” said Jackson Pollock “I want to express my feelings rather than illus trate them.”
Willem de Kooning, Woman 1
David Smith, Cubi series as installed at Bolton Landing, New York.
Designs what he wants then sends to manufac turer to give him the parts neccisary to build. Then he constructs them. They are stainless steel so they are shiny and reflective.
John Chamberlain, Velvet White
sculptures with used car junk. john says “it is planned obsolesence.” Everything is updated and the new ver sion is going to be better. Everything becomes outdated. He is hinting at the obsolesence of sculpture it self. He is taking a wierd position on this topic. For this sculpu tre he uses painting and sculpting together. He is kind of eroding the distinction between paintings and sculp tures. Reminds us of the readymade sculpture from the past.
John Sloan, Election Night
interested in realistic style. part of “the eight.” outdoor celebration of election victory. very expressive brush strokes to give spontanious feel to it.
Marsden Hartley, Portrait of a German Officer
portrait of german artist. sort of a memorial for his german lover. very cropped. at this point you couldnt be open about your sexuality so this painting is very coded with symbols of his lover and his love life. the black and white squres are for chess, the E is for his lovers initial. 24 is the age of him when he died. 4 is his regimond number. there is the iron cross badge you get for dying in the service.
Paul Strand, Wire Wheel
starts off as pictorialist but in 1920’s he does close ups of machines. this is of a car tightly cropped in a skewed perspective. influence by cubist with the abstract style. it honors technology. high contrast, highly focused.
Paul Strand, Abstraction
Grant Wood, American Gothic
from the midwest and wanted to express realist times in the midwest. depicts a father and his daughter, but the models were his assistant and his dentist. they represent the honest, straightforward, God-fearing and everyday people.
Dorothea Lange, Migrant Mother
very realistic, during the great depression. many americans are out of luck trying to find work. DPA hired dozens of people to document the living conditions in America at this time. All part of the FSA and the New Deal. The goal here is to identify issues, distribute media, and raise awareness. The children were actually very happy and laughing, and were told to look away to help the photo.
William van Alen, Chrysler Building
very art deco. It is like the Bauhaus in its mass producecity. Very onamalistic with streemline look to it. the top seven stories were first constructed inside the bottom of the building then lifted to the roof.
Constructivism
striping away of ornament. interested in utilitarianism. new political statement. art should reflect their new society. ornamentalization reflected bourgeois capatilist values. a political revolutions should come with an aesthetic revolution.
Vladimir Tatlin: Monument to the Third International
this was a mockup design of a building. designed a tilting tower of spiraling steel. each level revolves at different times. the monument would rotate a full circle every day. Each level rotates at a different time speed. The top level would take a day to rotate and middle would take a month and the bottom would take a year. Supposed to represent russias ever changing new society. However the building was never constructed because of lack of funding.
Aleksandr Rodchenko
more interested now in graphic design like posters to be hung on the street. no ornamentations still but the forms still work nicely together. her hat signals that she is a worker type. poster says “books in all spheres of knowledge.”
El Lissitzky
part of the bauhas later, graphic designer architect and many things. the red wedges symbolises the bolshevics winning the war on the whites.
De Stijl
had spiritual goals. works are very objective no figure no curves. its all about balance. expresses universal harmony through completely abstract and geometric works. uses only primary colors.
Piet Mondrian
very balanced, strong use of verticals and horizontals. very flat, but uses colors to establish depth. calls this style “dynamic equilibrium” has done hundreds of works with these styles. all very similar.
Gerrit Rietveld
intersted in frank loyd wright. the house sticks out from its surroundings. it is very assymetrical. No diagonals just verticals and horizontals. It is now a world heritage site and is used as a museum. Has a very open floor plan with partition walls. uses the same color scheme on the inside as well. The interior of the house only has one diagonal which is the chair.
The Bauhaus
the Bauhaus was a school that changed throughout its existense. students started with basic courses and at the end began building and site testing designs.
Walter Gropius
This building reflected the bauhaus and earlier movements well. it has open windowed corners, it has curtain walls, and also has a pilotis, which is when a building is raised to give the building a floating-like quality.
Walter Gropius
uses well designed things that could be mass produced easily. lots of things are aesthetically pleasing but the working class could still afford it. AKA IKEA TODAY
International Style
encorperate De Stijl and the Bauhaus and frank loyd wright. Lighter wieght in appearence, simplified forms and no ornament. promoting total design. embraced ideas to mass produce and make affordable housing.
postmodern
scholars do not agree on a meaning. skeptical of the forward progression of modernism.
Installation
further developement of environments. sculptures and readymades etc
appropriation
inclusion of pre existing objects, images, or text with little or no transformation applied to them.
Pluralism
anything goes. painting sculpture, installation, video etc.
Neoexpressionist
style that emerged in early 1980s as a reaction to conceptual and minimal art.
ephemeral
not intended to last. use of photography and/or film important to document the piece.
Entropy
Predicts the inevitable breakdown and will never return to its original state.
Institutional critique
systematic inquiry into the workings of art galleries & museums.
Body Art
art made with or consisting of the use of the body.
Utopia
comes from the greek meaning “no place”
Ferroconcrete
steel reinforced concrete.
pilotis
building supported by columns or looks like its on a pedistole.
Cantilever
a projecting structure that is supported at one end and carries the load at the other.
Minimal art
the culmination of reductionist tendencies in modern art
Process art
An artistic movement as well as a creative sentiment where the end product of art and craft is not the principal focus.
site specific art
Artwork created to exist in a certain place. Artist takes location into account while planning and creating the artwork.
IKB
International Klein Blue (IKB) is a deep blue hue first mixed by the French artist Yves Klein. IKB’s visual impact comes from its heavy reliance on Ultramarine,
Neo Dada
art movement that has similarities in method or intent to earlier Dada artwork. While it revived some of the objectives of dada, it put “emphasis on the importance of the work of art produced rather than on the concept generating the work”
Encaustic Painting
also known as hot wax painting, involves using heated beeswax to which colored pigments are added. The liquid or paste is then applied to a surface—usually prepared wood, though canvas and other materials are often used
Happenings
“The term “Happening” has been used to describe many performances and events, organized by Allan Kaprow and others during the 1950s and 1960s in the neo-dada era.
Fluxus
taken from a Latin word meaning “flow, flux”; “flowing, fluid” —is an international network of artists, composers and designers noted for blending different artistic media and disciplines
Ashcan School
sometimes linked to the group known as “The Eight,” though in fact only five members of that group (Henri, Sloan, Glackens, Luks, and Shinn) were Ashcan artists
Documentary Photography
refers to a popular form of photography used to chronicle significant and historical events
Action Painting
a technique and style of abstract painting in which paint is randomly splashed, thrown, or poured on the canvas. It was made famous by Jackson Pollock
Zips
This is the first time the artist used a vertical band to define the spatial structure of his work. This band, later dubbed a “zip,” became Newman’s signature mark
Art Brut
a label created by French artist Jean Dubuffet to describe art created outside the boundaries of official culture
