Test 2 Renal, STDs, Drugs, Blood Flashcards
(106 cards)
Disease that is spread by various sexual practicies between sexual partners
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Four Reasons Why the number of STDs has increased since 1960?
1) Age of first sexual activity has declined
2) The number of people at highest risk for STDs (15-25) has increased
3) Number of sexual partners per individual has increased
4) Methods of birth control have changed from rubbers and diaphragms to birth control pills and IUDs
Name 7 possible Agents of Transmission of STDs
1) Bacteria
2) Chlamydia
3) Viruses
4) Fungi
5) Protozoa
6) Parasites
7) Unidentified microrganisms
What are 6 common entry sites of STDs
1) mouth
2) genitalia
3) urinary meatus
4) rectum
5) skin
True/False
Is it common for a person to be concurrently infected with more than one type of STD.
TRUE
Yes very common to have concurrent infections
Most very likely to have Chlamydia and Gonorrhea together
Three groups STDs can be divided into include
1) Infections of External Genitalial
2) Vaginal Infections
3) Vaginal- Urogenital Systemic infections
4 types Infections of External Genitalia include
1) HPV (Condylomata Acuminata)
2) Genital Herpes
3) Molluscum contagiosum
4) Chancroid
3 types of Vaginal infections
1) Candidiasis
2) Trichomoniasis
3) Bacterial Vaginosis (nonspecific Vaginitis)
Vaginal-Urogenital-Systemic Infections
1) Chlamydia Infections
2) Gonorrhea
3) Syphilis
What sex organs does Gonorrhea effect?
Men- urethra
Women- cervix
Gonorrhea increased its frequency in the 1960s because
1) Changing social values
2) Introduction of birth control pills
3) Increasing resistance to penicillin
4) Large numbers of military personnel in Southeast Asia, Iraq, and Afghanistan.
How does disease transmission occur in gonorrhea
through contact with exudates from the mucous membranes of infected persons usually by direct contact. The gonococcus then attaches to and penetrates columnar epithelium and produces a patchy inflammatory response in the submucosal layer with a polymorphonuclear exudate.
How does goonococci spread or how does it travel throughout the body?
Once it has spread to localized infection what may form on the skin?
Direct extension of the infection with gonococci occurs by way of the lymphatic system.
Once it has spread to other areas, localized infection occurs and may result in the formation of cysts and abscesses.
What harm can the exudate of gonococcus cause to body tissue during transmission or spreading?
Purulent exudate containing the organism causes damage to tissue, and fibrous tissue replaces inflammed tissue. Hardened fibrous tissue may result in scarring and narrowing of the urethra, epididymis or oviducts.
Incubation period
males?
Females?
Males- 3-7 days
females- variable and is usually ASYMPTOMATIC until complications begin.
Symptoms of Gonorrhea in male urethra
Thick whitish-yellow discharge of pus from penis
Mild to intense burning during urination
40% of infected males are asymptomatic
Untreated gonorrhea in males may develope into
1) Inflammation of prostate gland
2) Scarring of urethra
3) Intense irritation and swelling of testicles
4) Sterility, crippling, blindness and death
Are women most likely to experience symptoms of cervical gonorrhea?
NO, 80% of women have mild or no symptoms and the disease may go unnoticed.
Supposedly, 600,000 asymptomatic female carries, 20% will develop major complications.
Symptoms of cervical gonorrhea in women
sometimes vaginal discharge and burning sensation during urination
Complications from cervical gonorrhea
1) PID
2) Sterility
3) Ectopic pregnancy
Sexually active females should have what two test yearly?
1) Paptest/thin prep
2) Gonorrhea test
Name 3 other types of gonorrhea
1) Rectal
2) throat
3) Gonorrhea in babies and children
Explain Treatment of Gonorrhea
Most cases of gonorrhea can completely and quickly cured without damage if diagnosed and treated soon after infection. However resistant strains have developed and no body immunity develops so re-infection can occur repeatedly.
The CDC recommends that all gonococcal infections be treated as if……………
The organism were antibiotic resistant and that a chlamydia infection coexisted with gonorrhea. IN 1995, 31.6% of gonorrhea patients were resistant to both penicillin and tetracycline.