Test 2 Flash Cards
Accident Data Sources in California:
California Highway Patrol Statewide Integrated Traffic Reporting System (SWITRS)
- Caltrans Table C (includes accident data on freeways) and Table B (include accident rates)
- Office of Traffic Safety
- City traffic engineering office
Accident Data Sources in general
*FHWA Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS)
* Fatal Accident Reporting System (FARS) by the National Center for Statistics and Analysis of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
* National Injury Surveillance System (NISS) which includes accident data at emergency room hospitals
*Bureau of Motor Carrier Series which includes data on accidents involving passengers and properties of members of Bureau of Motor Carriers.
International Road and Traffic Accident Database
SAFETEA- LU
Required each state to develop a Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP)
ISTEA mandate:
states develop, establish, and implement systems for managing highway safety”.
-Each state must address:
–coordinating and integrating broad-based safety programs into a comprehensive management approach;
–identifying and investigating hazardous highway safety problems and roadway location features and establishing countermeasures and priorities to correct the problems;
Methods of Summarizing Accident Data:
Collision Diagrams – pictorial representation; include types, severity, number and dates of accidents.
4E’s in Transportation Safety
- Education
- Enforcement.
- Engineering
- Emergency response
Sustainable Transportation:
Sustainable transportation refer to all forms of transport which minimize:
–fuel consumption, emissions of carbon dioxide and ,pollution
•It concerns:
–systems, policies, and Technologies
•Aims for the:
–efficient transit of goods and services, Efficient freight and delivery systems
–Protect the environment
–Conserve resources
•In buildings:
–Green Building
–LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
Sustainable transportation Key Isssues
Accessibility – we need to provide access not mobility. Car-dependent society tends to spread out developments forcing people to travel (by car) further
•Moving people and goods – there are alternatives to cars to move people and efficient way of moving goods.
•Environmental protection – develop transportation systems that minimize physical and biological stress, and respect the habitat requirements of other species.
How to make transportation sustainable
•Transit-oriented development
–Mixed use, walkable
•Urban growth boundaries
–Halt sprawl; impact fee on new development, tax reform, make outer area rural and inner area urban
•Maximize transportation choices
–Application of TDM; improvement of transit service
Sustainable Transportation
•Federal initiatives (Adopted in 2010 by EPA)
–Fuel Efficiency standards by 2016
•New cars =31.4 mpg; 54.5 mpg by 2025
•Pick up trucks = 24.1 mpg
•California initiative
–Cut greenhouse gas emission by 30% BY 2016
California SB 535
California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 –requires the “State Air Resources Board to adopt regulations to require the reporting and verification of emissions of greenhouse gases and to monitor and enforce compliance with the reporting and verification program, and requires the state board to adopt a statewide greenhouse gas emissions limit equivalent to the statewide greenhouse gas emissions level in 1990 to be achieved by 2020.”
- Why are side walks discontinuous?
2. “Goat trails”
Because they are built by developers
Implies that a side walk need to be implemented
Side walks
Side walks lessens the traffic and ped related deaths by 88% in urban
They must be at least 6”ft wide when placed on road edges
Sidewalks and curves reduces traffic speed more than signs
Side walks are integral part of complete streets
Side paved shoulders reduces ped related deaths by 70% in rural areas
Why are side walks on one side not ok?
Side walk corridor and zoning
Because pedestrians walk streets, or cross twice
Side walk corridor extends from the edge of road way to end of right of way. [ (curb zone—> furniture zone)—>pedestrian zone—> frontage zone]
Pedestrian zone requires 5” ft for two ppl to walks comfortable
6”ft is preferred
ADA Requirements for sidewalks
2% max slope even in driveways
Should have smooth surfaces
