Test 2 Exam Questions

Question 1

Irrigation can result in the salinization of soils because ________

Answer 1

B) salts in the water are deposited on the soil surface as water evaporates

Question 2

Published in the 1960s, Rachel Carson’s book Silent Spring ___

Answer 2

E) focused on chemical pollutants, including DDT

Question 3

In 2016, the population of the United States was approximately 325 million people, with an
annual growth rate of approximately 0.7%. If the population of the United States were to
continue to grow at this rate, it would double around the year _______

Answer 3

C) 2116

Question 4

Zero population growth occurs in a population when ________.

Answer 4

C) birth rate equals death rate and there is no migration

Question 5

The greatest species diversity is found in which of the following groups?

Answer 5

E) insects

Question 6

________ composes/compose just over half of all of the world’s GM crops.

Answer 6

B) Soybeans

Question 7

Removal of which of the following species will result in the greatest changes in an ecological
system?

Answer 7

a keystone species

Question 8

The greatest cause of the worldwide loss of species is ________

Answer 8

habitat destruction

Question 9

Globally, approximately how many people are undernourished?

Answer 9

800 million

Question 10

Malthus was responsible for ________

Answer 10

the idea that without social restrictions, increasing human population would lead to
famine and war

Question 11

Contrary to popular belief, the Endangered Species Act allows _______

Answer 11

landowners to harm a protected species in one area if they improve habitat for it
elsewhere

Question 12

Of the following, only ________ can change global species diversity

Answer 12

extinction

Question 13

Animals that are harmed by human modification of the environment tend to have all of the
following characteristics EXCEPT:

Answer 13

being a dietary generalist.

Question 14

Monoculture ________.

Answer 14

is the agricultural practice of growing large stands of a single species

Question 15

Cap and trade is a system that ______

Answer 15

permits industries that pollute under the federal cap to sell credits to industries that
pollute over the cap

Question 16

It is more energetically efficient for us to eat more _______

Answer 16

plant-based foods

Question 17

International environmental policies arise from ______

Answer 17

international conventions or treaties

Question 18

During the ________ stage of the demographic transition model, you would find high birth rates
but declining death rates due to increased food production and improved medical care

Answer 18

transitional (stage 2)

Question 19

Leaders striving for sustainable development aim to satisfy a triple bottom line, which involves
what three goals?

Answer 19

economic advancement, environmental protection, and social equity

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the human population from early times to the present?

Answer 20

slow, uneven growth until the 1800s, then increasingly rapid growth

Question 21

The United Nations predicts that the world population will be almost ________ billion in 2050

Answer 21

10

Question 22

Enforcement and elaboration of U.S. legislation is given to _______

Answer 22

administrative agencies

Question 23

The loss of a particular population from a given area (but not the entire species globally) is
called ________

Answer 23

extirpation

Question 24

The O horizon is ________

Answer 24

primarily composed of organic materials

Question 25

An environmental impact statement is required ______

Answer 25

or any federal action that may affect U.S. environmental quality

Question 26

Which layer of a soil profile contains topsoil?

Answer 26

The A horizon.

Question 27

Paleontologists estimate that _______

Answer 27

99% of all species that have ever existed are now extinct

Question 28

During the past half-century, global food production has ________ world population growth

Answer 28

grown at a faster rate than

Question 29

_______ is the loss of more than 10% of soil productivity in arid areas due to such factors as
erosion, soil compaction, overgrazing, and forest removal

Answer 29

Desertification

Question 30

What is the term used to describe an organism that integrates DNA from another species?

Answer 30

Transgenic organism