Test 2 E&R Systems P.2

Question 1

The force driving simple diffusion is

Answer 1

Concentration Gradient

Question 2

Iron-containing molecule in Red blood cells is called

Answer 2

Hemogoblin

Question 3

Gas exchange takes place by the physical process of

Answer 3

Diffusion

Question 4

Alveoli in lungs, villi and microvilli in intestines , and gill lamellae in fish ALL

Answer 4

Increase the surface area available for absorption

Question 5

A break down in alveoli of the lungs & therefore a DECREASE in surface area results in

Answer 5

• emphysema
• reduced oxygen absorption
• need for a supplementary source of oxygen in severe cases

Question 6

Muscle responsible for inhalation and exhalation in the lungs ans which divides the body into the Thoracic and Abdominal regions is the

Answer 6

Diaphragm

Question 7

Functions of the Nasal Cavity include

Answer 7

• filtering air
• moistening air
• moderating temp
• & is an immune response to pathogens

Question 8

The Glottis, Trachea entrance, is protected from food by the

Answer 8

Epiglottis

Question 9

Counter current exchange in gills of fish

Answer 9

maintains a gradient that enhances diffusion

Question 10

Vertebrate lung first evolved in

Answer 10

BONY FISH (class Osteichthyes) 
& response to low oxygen content of shallow warm ,fresh water

Question 11

In fish blood circulates in

Answer 11

1 circuit

Question 12

In mammals it circulates in

Answer 12

2 circuits

Question 13

Similar in function to Gill Lamellae of a fish?

Answer 13

Alveoli

Question 14

Cigarette smoking is linked to

Answer 14

• asthma
• lung cancer
• emphysema
• reduced oxygen absorption
• need for supplementary source of oxygen in severe cases

Question 15

Material filtered from the blood by the filtering unit of the nephron include

Answer 15

-toxins
-nitrogenous
or metabolic wastes, water