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Medical Terminology > Test 2(D-O) > Flashcards

Test 2(D-O) Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

D5W

A

Dextrose 5% in water

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1
Q

D1 or D2

A

Diagonal branch of the LAD artery

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2
Q

DBP

A

Diastolic blood pressure

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3
Q

D/C

A

Discontinue/discharge

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4
Q

Defib

A

Defibrillate

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5
Q

DHCA

A

Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest

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6
Q

The process of separating crystalloids in solution by the difference in their rates of diffusion through a semipermeable membrane,used to remove metabolizes and toxins from body fluids

A

Dialysis

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7
Q

Referring to the period of time during relaxation of the ventricle

A

Diastole

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8
Q

DILV

A

Double inlet left ventricle

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9
Q

DIC

A

Disseminated intravascular coagulapathy;an abnormal process that occurs when clot formation and clot lysis occurs simultaneously

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10
Q

The spontaneous missing of the molecules of two or more substances from an area of high concentration to low

A

Diffusion

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11
Q

DKS

A

Damus-Kaye-Stansel

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12
Q

DM

A

Diabetes Mellitus

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13
Q

DORV

A

Double outlet right ventricle

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14
Q

DOLV

A

Double outlet left ventricle

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15
Q

DOE

A

Dyspnea on exertion

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16
Q

DVT

A

Deep venous thrombosis

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17
Q

Dx

A

Diagnosis

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18
Q

Dyspnea

A

Shortness of breath

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19
Q

EAST

A

Emory Angioplasty Study Trial

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20
Q

ECA

A

External Carotid artery

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21
Q

ECC

A

Extra-corporeal circulation; the propulsion of blood outside the body to perform an artificial organ function

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22
Q

ECCO2R

A

Extra-corporeal dioxide removal

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23
Q

ECD

A

Endocardial cushion defect

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24
Q

ECG

A

Electrocardiogram

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25
Q

ECHO

A

Echocardiogram

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26
Q

The process of reflecting ultrasound Doppler signals off the heart and surrounding anatomical structures to visualize cardiac activity and structure

A

Echocardiography

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27
Q

ECMO

A

Extra corporeal membrane oxygenation;the process of propelling blood outside the body to perform artificial ventilation of the blood with a blood oxygenator

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28
Q

ECT

A

Extra corporeal Circulation Technology

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29
Q

To surgically excise

A

Ectomy

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30
Q

EF

A

Ejection fraction;the percentage of the left ventricular vol that is ejected in one cardiac contraction

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31
Q

EKG

A

Electrocardiogram

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32
Q

A small solid particle or gas bubble that is carried in the blood flow stream

A

Embolus

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33
Q

EMT

A

Emergency Medical Technician

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34
Q

The mononuclear lining of blood vessels

A

Endothelium

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35
Q

A mature red blood cell that contains hemoglobin

A

Erthrocyte

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36
Q

The process by which the bone marrow produces RBC and other cellular components

A

Erythropoiesis

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37
Q

ET

A

Endotrachial tube

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38
Q

Stress test,diagnostic test in which the patient exec rises on a treadmill while heart activity is monitored

A

Exercise tolerance test

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39
Q

Outside the body

A

Extracorporeal

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40
Q

Outside the vascular system

A

Extravascular

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41
Q

FFP

A

Fresh frozen plasma

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42
Q

FTT

A

Failure to thrive

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43
Q

The insoluble protein formed in the blood to produce clot but the action of thrombin on fibrinogen

A

Fibrin

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44
Q

The protein produced in liver, present in the blood that is the precursor to fibrin in the clotting process

A

Fibrinogen

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45
Q

A duct or other passage formed surgically or by the imperfect closing of wound or abscess

A

Fistula

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46
Q

Fraction of inspired oxygen, the percent concentration of oxygen in the gas entering the lungs, ventilator or a blood oxygenator

A

FiO2

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47
Q

GEA

A

Gastroepiploic artery

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48
Q

GI

A

Gastrointestinal

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49
Q

GME

A

Gaseous microemboli

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50
Q

The large arteries and veins arising from the heart and pericardium

A

Great vessels

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51
Q

GTT

A

Glucose tolerance test

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52
Q

H+

A

Hydrogen ion, also known as a proton

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53
Q

The influence of oxygen on the affinity of hemoglobin to bind with carbon dioxide

A

Haldane effect

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54
Q

HC02-

A

Bicarbonate ion concentration in meq/L

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55
Q

HCT

A

Hematocrit

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56
Q

HCTZ

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

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57
Q

The percent of the blood which is cellular elements

A

Hematocrit

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58
Q

Hemo-

A

Referring to blood

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59
Q

The process of removing fluid and electrolytes from the blood to increase the concentration of hemoglobin and RBC

A

Hemoconcentration

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60
Q

The separation of waste products from the blood by osmosis across a semi-permeable membrane

A

Hemodialysis

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61
Q

The decrease in the concentration of hemoglobin and RBC

A

Hemodilution

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62
Q

Instability of the blood pressure

A

Hemodynamic instability

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63
Q

The red pigmented complex protein found in the RBC that functions to carry and carbon dioxide

A

Hemoglobin

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64
Q

The freeing of hemoglobin from the inside of the RBC by normal breakdown or mechanical destruction

A

Hemolysis

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65
Q

The cessation of bleeding through normal coagulation or by surgical procedure

A

Hemostasis

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66
Q

PH=pk+log[HCO2-]/[CO2d][H2CO3]

A

Henderson-Hasselbach equation

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67
Q

A negatively charged polysaccharide normally found in lung or gut mucosa that naturally prolongs the time it takes blood to clot by catalyzing anti-thrombin III

A

Heparin

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68
Q

Pertaining to the liver

A

Hepatic

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69
Q

Inflammation of the liver usually caused by a virus transmitted by contact or blood transfusion

A

Hepatitis

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70
Q

Enlargement of the liver

A

Hepatomegaly

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71
Q

Referring to a different species, or tissue coming from different species

A

Heterologous

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72
Q

Cold blooded

A

Heterothermic

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73
Q

Hgb

A

Hemoglobin

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74
Q

Coagulation inhibitor isolated from leeches

A

Hirudin

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75
Q

HIV

A

Human immunodeficiency virus

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76
Q

HLHS

A

Hyperplastic left heart syndrome

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77
Q

HMD

A

Hyaline membrane disease

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78
Q

H/O

A

History of

79
Q

The maintenance of a normal state of balance in physiologic system

A

Homeostasis

80
Q

Warm blooded

A

Homeothermic

81
Q

Referring to the same species

A

Homologous

82
Q

HR

A

Heart rate

83
Q

HTN

A

Hypertension

84
Q

Hx

A

History

85
Q

Above normal

A

Hyper

86
Q

A measurement of an abnormally high CO2 level in the blood

A

Hypercapnea

87
Q

Excessive cholesterol in the blood

A

Hypercholesterolemia

88
Q

Excessive quantity of fat

A

Hyperlipidemia

89
Q

Temperature above normal

A

Hyperthermia

90
Q

Disease of the myocardium produced by the enlargement of the cells of the myocardium

A

Hypertrophiccardiomyopathy

91
Q

Enlargement or overgrowth of an organ

A

Hypertrophy

92
Q

Blood volume increase above normal

A

Hypervolemia

93
Q

Hypo

A

Below normal

94
Q

Decreased blood flow to an organ or tissue such as in shock

A

Hypoperfusion

95
Q

Decrease of systolic and diastolic blood pressure below normal

A

Hypotension

96
Q

Temperature below normal

A

Hypothermia

97
Q

Decreased blood volume below normal

A

Hypovolemia

98
Q

Reduction of oxygen level in the blood below normal

A

Hypoxemia

99
Q

Reduction of oxygen level in tissues below normal

A

Hypoxia

100
Q

IABP

A

Intra-aortic ballon pump

101
Q

ICA

A

Internal carotid artery

102
Q

ICS

A

Intercostal space

103
Q

ICU

A

Intensive care unit

104
Q

IDDM

A

Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

105
Q

The system of blood cells and chemical that protects the body from invasion by foreign organisms

A

Immune system

106
Q

In place, but isolated in a living organism

A

In situ

107
Q

An innermost structure

A

Intima

108
Q

In the laboratory or in the test tube outside a living organism

A

In vitro

109
Q

Within a living organism

A

In vivo

110
Q

Between cells

A

Interstitial

111
Q

Use of a balloon attached to a catheter inserted through the femoral artery into the descending thoracic aorta

A

Intra-aortic balloon pump

112
Q

Use of a prosthetic metal device to provide and maintain an enlarged coronary lumen

A

Intra-coronary stenting

113
Q

I&O(I/O)

A

Intake and output

114
Q

The need for oxygen exceeds the supply of oxygen leading to tissue cellular damage and possible death or necrosis

A

Ischemia

115
Q

A form of heart disease whose primary manifestations result from myocardial ischemia due to atherosclerotic CAD

A

Ischemic heart disease

116
Q

A narrow connection between two larger bodies or parts

A

Isthmus

117
Q

IV

A

Intravenous

118
Q

IVC

A

Inferior vena cava

119
Q

IVCD

A

Interventricular conduction defect

120
Q

JVD

A

Jugular venous distention

121
Q

Surgical procedure to treat patients with congenital aortic stenosis

A

Konno

122
Q

KVO

A

Keep vein open

123
Q

LA LA

A

Left atrium

124
Q

LAD

A

Left anterior descending coronary artery

125
Q

LBBB

A

Left bundle branch block

126
Q

LDH

A

Lactate dehydrogenase

127
Q

Function of the main pumping chamber of the heart(left ventricle) that receives blood from the left atrium

A

Left ventricle function

128
Q

Stenosis of the left main(LM) coronary artery

A

Left main (LM) disease

129
Q

LIMA

A

Left internal mammary artery

130
Q

LLL

A

Left lower lobe

131
Q

LM

A

Left main coronary artery

132
Q

LV

A

Left ventricle

133
Q

LVH

A

Left ventricular hypertrophy

134
Q

Destruction or decomposition, as of a cell or other substances

A

Lysis

135
Q

MAP

A

Mean arterial pressure

136
Q

MB

A

Cardiac muscle

137
Q

Mec

A

Meconium

138
Q

Media

A

Middle

139
Q

The mass of tissues and organs separating the sternum in front and the vertebral column behind, containing the heart and it’s large vessels

A

Mediastinum

140
Q

Refers to the process of the chemical reactions at the tissue level

A

Metabolic

141
Q

Abnormal physiological process characterized by the primary gain of strong acid or primary loss of bicarb

A

Metabolic acidosis

142
Q

Abnormal physiological process characterized by primary gain of strong base or loss of strong acid

A

Metabolic alkalosis

143
Q

MI

A

Mitral insufficiency

144
Q

MICU

A

Medical intensive care unit

145
Q

One thousandths of an equivalent

A

Milliequivalent

146
Q

Referring to the bicuspid valve separating the left atrium and ventricle

A

Mitral

147
Q

Abnormal systolic back flow of blood from the left ventricle into left atrium

A

Mitral regurgitation

148
Q

Mitral valvular stenosis; narrowing of the normal area of the mitral valve

A

Mitral stenosis

149
Q

Hemoconcentration of patients blood

A

Modified ultrafiltration

150
Q

The gram molecular weight of any substance

A

Mole

151
Q

MR

A

Mitral regurgitation

152
Q

MS

A

Mitral stenosis

153
Q

MUF

A

Modified ultrafiltration

154
Q

MUGA

A

Multiple gated acquisition test

155
Q

Disease in two or more of the coronary arteries

A

Multivessel disease

156
Q

MV

A

Mitral Valve

157
Q

MVR

A

Mitral valve repair

158
Q

Condition in which oxygen delivery to and waste removal from the myocardium falls below normal

A

Myocardial ischemia

159
Q

Damage to the heart muscle caused by occlusion

A

(MI)myocardial infarction

160
Q

The muscular wall of the heart located between the inner endocardium layer and the outer epicardial layers

A

Myocardium

161
Q

Death of individual cells or groups of cells

A

Necrosis

162
Q

NHLBI

A

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Insitute

163
Q

NIDDM

A

Non-insulation dependent diabetes mellitus

164
Q

A drug whose metabolites produce a relaxation of vascular smooth muscle

A

Nitrate

165
Q

Chemical element at no.7, symbol N

A

Nitrogen

166
Q

N/G

A

Naso gastric

167
Q

NICU

A

Neonatal intensive care unit

168
Q

NKA

A

No known allergies

169
Q

NKDA

A

No known drug allergies

170
Q

Myocardial infarction that is not associated with the evolution of new Q waves

A

Non-Q-wave myocardial infarction

171
Q

Npo

A

Nothing by month

172
Q

NSR

A

Normal sinus rhythm

173
Q

NTGNTG

A

Nitroglycerin

174
Q

OHDC

A

Oxyhemoglobin disassociation curve

175
Q

Branches of the circumflex coronary artery

A

Obtuse marginal

176
Q

OM1 OM2

A

Obtuse marginal

177
Q

The passage of pure solvent from a solution of lesser to one of the greater solute concentration

A

Osmosis

178
Q

The negative pressure created by a dissolved non-diffusable substance across a membrane

A

Osmotic pressure

179
Q

Opening

A

Ostia

180
Q

-otomy

A

To make a surgical opening into

181
Q

Chemical element at no.8 symbol O

A

Oxygen

182
Q

An artificial device that functions like the lung to exchange

A

Oxygenator

183
Q

P50

A

Hemoglobin P50, the partial pressure of oxygen when hemoglobin is 50% saturated with oxygen

184
Q

PA

A

Pulmonary artery

185
Q

PAC

A

Premature atrial contraction

186
Q

Pa02

A

The partial pressure exerted by O2 dissolved in arterial plasma

187
Q

PFO

A

Patent foramen ovale

188
Q

PaCO2

A

The partial pressure exerted by CO2 dissolved in arterial plasma

189
Q

To relieve the symptoms of without fixing or repairing the underlying condition

A

Palliative

190
Q

The pressure exerted by a gas dissolved in plasma and RBC water

A

Partial pressure

191
Q

The pressure exerted by gas dissolved in plasma and RBC water

A

Partial pressure

192
Q

The partial pressure (tension) exerted by CO2 in mmHg.

A

pCO2

193
Q

PCWP

A

Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure

194
Q

PDA

A

Patent ductus arteriosus

Posterior descending artery

Medical Terminology (2 decks)

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