Test 2 Chat GPT

Question 1

Which of the following is not a determinant of personality?
a) Heredity
b) Environment
c) Peer Influence
d) Situation

Answer 1

c) Peer Influence

Answer to question 1

Question 2

Which of the following personality traits is not part of the Big Five?
a) Agreeableness
b) Openness to experience
c) Machiavellianism
d) Conscientiousness

Answer 2

c) Machiavellianism

Answer to question 2

Question 3

The MBTI is generally considered a reliable tool for measuring job performance.

Answer 3

False

Answer to question 3

Question 4

What are two characteristics of a proactive personality?

Answer 4

Takes initiative, perseveres until meaningful change occurs

Answer to question 4

Question 5

According to the Dark Triad model, which trait is characterized by a grandiose sense of self-importance and the need for admiration?
a) Psychopathy
b) Machiavellianism
c) Narcissism
d) Neuroticism

Answer 5

c) Narcissism

Answer to question 5

Question 6

Define core self-evaluation (CSE) and list two traits it encompasses.

Answer 6

Core self-evaluation refers to basic conclusions that individuals hold about themselves; it includes self-esteem and emotional stability.

Answer to question 6

Question 7

Type A personality is typically characterized by:
a) Relaxed behavior and patience
b) High competitiveness and urgency
c) Strong need for validation
d) High openness to experience

Answer 7

b) High competitiveness and urgency

Answer to question 7

Question 8

Gender differences in personality often show that women tend to score higher in which Big Five dimension?
a) Neuroticism
b) Conscientiousness
c) Agreeableness
d) Openness

Answer 8

c) Agreeableness

Answer to question 8

Question 9

Motivation refers to:
a) The biological need for social connections
b) The processes that account for an individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence toward attaining a goal
c) The ability to manage others’ emotions in a work setting
d) The organizational policies that improve employee well-being

Answer 9

b) The processes that account for an individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence toward attaining a goal

Answer to question 9

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of extrinsic motivation?
a) Enjoying problem-solving at work
b) Receiving a bonus for completing a project
c) Feeling personal satisfaction after finishing a task
d) Being inspired to learn by curiosity

Answer 10

b) Receiving a bonus for completing a project

Answer to question 10

Question 11

List two differences between Alderfer’s ERG theory and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.

Answer 11

Alderfer’s ERG theory allows for the pursuit of multiple needs at once; Maslow’s hierarchy requires lower needs to be satisfied first.

Answer to question 11

Question 12

According to Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, hygiene factors refer to:
a) Factors that lead to job satisfaction
b) Factors that prevent dissatisfaction
c) Factors that motivate employees to achieve more
d) Factors related to job enrichment

Answer 12

b) Factors that prevent dissatisfaction

Answer to question 12

Question 13

T/F. Theory X managers believe that employees inherently dislike work and need tight supervision.

Answer 13

True

Answer to question 13

Question 14

In Vroom’s Expectancy Theory, “Expectancy” refers to:
a) Whether an individual values a particular outcome
b) Whether achieving the outcome will lead to rewards
c) Whether an individual believes that their effort will lead to performance
d) Whether a person feels fairly compensated

Answer 14

c) Whether an individual believes that their effort will lead to performance

Answer to question 14

Question 15

Perception is the process of:
a) Interpreting all information equally from the environment
b) Organizing and interpreting sensory input to give meaning to the environment
c) Receiving external stimuli and automatically forming a judgment
d) Adapting one’s behavior based on past experiences

Answer 15

b) Organizing and interpreting sensory input to give meaning to the environment

Answer to question 15

Question 16

What are the three stages of the perception process?

Answer 16

Attention and selection, organization, interpretation and retrieval

Answer to question 16

Question 17

T/F. The fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency to attribute others’ behaviors to external factors rather than internal traits.

Answer 17

False

Answer to question 17

Question 18

What are the three stages of the perception process?

Answer 18

Attention and selection, organization, interpretation and retrieval

Example sentence: The three stages of the perception process are crucial for understanding how individuals make sense of their environment.

Question 19

T/F. The fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency to attribute others’ behaviors to external factors rather than internal traits.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

What is selective perception?

Answer 20

Screening out information that contradicts one’s beliefs

Example sentence: Selective perception can lead individuals to ignore information that challenges their existing beliefs.

Question 21

Define the self-serving bias.

Answer 21

The self-serving bias is the tendency to attribute successes to internal factors and failures to external factors.

Example sentence: The self-serving bias can impact how individuals perceive their own achievements and setbacks.

Question 22

Attitudes consist of which three components?

Answer 22

Cognitive, affective, behavioral

Example sentence: Understanding the three components of attitudes is essential for analyzing how individuals form opinions and react to situations.

Question 23

T/F. Cognitive dissonance occurs when there is consistency between one’s behavior and attitudes.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

What is a major cause of job satisfaction?

Answer 24

Job conditions

Example sentence: Job conditions, such as workload and workplace environment, play a significant role in determining an individual’s job satisfaction.

Question 25

Organizational commitment refers to:

Answer 25

A person’s loyalty to the organization and its goals ## Footnote Example sentence: Organizational commitment is crucial for creating a cohesive and motivated workforce dedicated to achieving common objectives.

Question 26

Define job satisfaction and give one factor that influences it.

Answer 26

Job satisfaction is a positive feeling about one's job; it is influenced by job conditions, such as the work environment and social interactions. ## Footnote Example sentence: Job satisfaction can impact an individual's overall well-being and productivity in the workplace.

Question 27

According to the text, which of the following is a consequence of high job satisfaction?

Answer 27

Increased customer satisfaction ## Footnote Example sentence: High job satisfaction among employees can lead to improved customer satisfaction due to better service delivery and positive interactions.

Question 28

What is one way to stay motivated when you feel uninspired at work?

Answer 28

Break tasks into smaller steps and focus on progress. ## Footnote Example sentence: Breaking down tasks into manageable steps can help individuals maintain motivation and a sense of accomplishment.

Question 29

In Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, which combination leads to the most ideal work environment?

Answer 29

High motivator, high hygiene ## Footnote Example sentence: Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory emphasizes the importance of both motivator and hygiene factors in creating a conducive work environment.

Question 30

McGregor's Theory Y suggests that employees:

Answer 30

Are self-motivated and enjoy work ## Footnote Example sentence: McGregor's Theory Y highlights the belief that employees are inherently motivated and derive satisfaction from their work.

Question 31

The halo effect occurs when:

Answer 31

We judge someone based on a single positive characteristic ## Footnote Example sentence: The halo effect can lead to biased judgments based on limited information or superficial attributes.

Question 32

Equity theory suggests that employees compare:

Answer 32

Their inputs and outcomes with others’ inputs and outcomes ## Footnote Example sentence: Equity theory focuses on the perception of fairness in input-output ratios among employees within an organization.

Question 33

How to deal with assignments you don’t quite love?

Answer 33

FIND EFFECTIVE REWARDS, SUSTAIN PROGRESS, HARNESS THE INFLUENCE OF OTHERS, Focus on the elements of the work that you do find enjoyable

Question 34

What is the The Big Five Model

Answer 34

Extroversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness Emotional Stability Openness to experience

Question 35

What is the The Big Five Model

Answer 35

Extroversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness Emotional Stability Openness to experience

Question 36

What are the four traits of core self-evaluation

Answer 36

self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability

Question 37

WHAT IS MOTIVATION?

Answer 37

individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal

Question 38

What are the five levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Answer 38

Bottom Up: Self-Actualization Esteem Needs Social Needs Safety Needs Physiological Needs

Question 39

ALDERFER’S E-R-G MODEL

Answer 39

Bottom Up: Growth Relatedness Existence All 3 can be chased at once

Question 40

What is the expectancy theory equation?

Answer 40

Motivation= Effort + Instrumental + Value

Question 41

People are motivated to behave in ways that restore or maintain a sense of balance—perceived equity—in their minds is an example of what?

Answer 41

Equity Theory

Question 42

7 Ways to Stay Motivated

Answer 42

1.Motivation is Internal 2. Remember What motivates you 3. Challenge yourself with a daily goal 4. Motion creates emotion 5. Keep learning 6. Hang out with superstars 7. Reward yourself

Question 43

What is automatic information processing

Answer 43

Screening that takes place without conscious awareness

Question 44

What are the most common organization schemas?

Answer 44

1. Script- knowledge framework of sequence (Ex. Cycles of function) 2. Self- contains info about a person’s own appearance 3. Person- sorts people into categories

Question 45

What is attribution?

Answer 45

Attribution is the assignment of meaning to others’ behaviors or events. • An internal attribution assigns the cause of the behavior to the person. • An external attribution assigns the cause of the behavior to factors outside the person’s control.

Question 46

What are the three components of attribution cues?

Answer 46

1. Distinctiveness 2. Consensus 3. Consistency

Question 47

What is Fundamental Attribution Error?

Answer 47

The tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others. -Blaming the person first not the situation

Question 48

What is cognitive dissonance

Answer 48

is any incompatibility an individual might perceive between two or more attitudes or between behavior and attitudes.

Question 49

(Multiple Choice) Which of the Big Five personality traits is most closely associated with a person’s tendency to be organized, responsible, and dependable? a) Extraversion b) Neuroticism c) Conscientiousness d) Agreeableness

Answer 49

c) Conscientiousness

Question 50

(True/False) Individuals who score high on neuroticism tend to experience higher levels of stress and emotional instability over time.

Answer 50

Answer: True

Question 51

(Multiple Choice) A person who is open to new experiences, curious, and imaginative would score high on which Big Five personality trait?a) Openness to experience b) Extraversion c) Conscientiousness d) Agreeableness

Answer 51

Answer: a) Openness to experience

Question 52

(Multiple Choice) Which Big Five personality trait has been found to be the strongest predictor of job performance across a variety of industries? a) Extraversion b) Agreeableness c) Openness d) Conscientiousness

Answer 52

Answer: d) Conscientiousness

Question 53

(True/False) According to research, extraverts tend to be more successful in Western cultures, but introverts can also achieve high levels of success in life and work.

Answer 53

Answer: True

Question 54

(Multiple Choice) According to Maslow’s Need Hierarchy, which level represents the highest-order needs, involving personal growth and fulfillment? a) Safety b) Self-actualization c) Esteem d) Belongingness

Answer 54

Answer: b) Self-actualization

Question 55

(Short Answer) What is the main difference between Maslow’s “physiological needs” and “safety needs”?

Answer 55

Answer: Physiological needs refer to basic survival needs like food and water, while safety needs involve protection from harm, such as security and stability.

Question 56

(Multiple Choice) The fundamental attribution error occurs when: a) We overestimate external factors and underestimate internal factors when explaining others’ behavior b) We attribute our successes to internal factors and failures to external factors c) We overestimate internal factors and underestimate external factors when explaining others’ behavior d) We make judgments about others based on one specific characteristic

Answer 56

Answer: c) We overestimate internal factors and underestimate external factors when explaining others’ behavior

Question 57

(Multiple Choice) The halo effect is a perception error where: a) A general impression is formed based on a single characteristic b) People are judged based on their group affiliations c) Recent experiences affect current judgments d) Others' successes are attributed to external factors

Answer 57

Answer: a) A general impression is formed based on a single characteristic

Question 58

(Multiple Choice) Selective perception occurs when: a) People unconsciously screen out information that conflicts with their own beliefs b) People compare others' behavior to a recent experience c) People make assumptions based on group membership d) People evaluate behavior only in the context of success

Answer 58

Answer: a) People unconsciously screen out information that conflicts with their own beliefs

Question 59

(Multiple Choice) The cognitive component of an attitude refers to: a) The emotional reaction a person has toward an object, person, or event b) The intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something c) The beliefs or thoughts a person holds about something d) The actual behavior toward an object, person, or event

Answer 59

Answer: c) The beliefs or thoughts a person holds about something

Question 60

(True/False) The affective component of an attitude reflects how a person feels emotionally toward something.

Answer 60

Answer: True

Question 61

(Multiple Choice) Which of the following best describes the behavioral component of an attitude? a) How a person intends to act toward something or someone b) How a person feels emotionally about something c) The thoughts a person has regarding a situation d) The cognitive dissonance that results from behavior and attitude mismatch

Answer 61

Answer: a) How a person intends to act toward something or someone