Test 2

Question 1

War

Answer 1

An event involving the organized use of military force by at least two parties that satisfies some minimum threshold of severity.

Question 2

Interstate War

Answer 2

A war in which the main participants are states.

Question 3

Intrastate War

Answer 3

A war in which the main participants are within the same state, such as the government and a rebel group.

Question 4

UN Principles on Force

Answer 4

• States may not use or threaten the use of force
• States may use force defensively, when responding to an “armed attack”
• The UN Security Council possesses the legal monopoly on the use of force

Question 5

Realism Assumptions

Answer 5

• State as the actor
• Anarchy
• Military capabilities
• Survival
• Rational Actors
• Uncertainty

Question 6

Rational Actor

Answer 6

• Set of Preferences
• Rank the Preferences
• Preferences are Transitive
• Utility Maximization

Question 7

Anarchy

Answer 7

The absence of a central authority with the ability to make and enforce laws that bind all actors.

Question 8

Liberalism Assumptions

Answer 8

• Rational actors
• Progress in social life
• Humans are capable of cooperation

Question 9

Liberalism

Answer 9

• Many types of Actors
• Interests come from within the state
• Actors want to maximize wealth

Question 10

Constructivism

Answer 10

• Many types of actors
• Focus on nonmaterial factors
• Norms and behavior
• Role of Change
• Activists and transnational actors

Question 11

Limited War:

Answer 11

a war in which the weapons used, the nations or territory involved, or the objectives pursued are restricted in some way, in particular one in which the use of nuclear weapons is avoided.

Question 12

•Total War:

Answer 12

a war that is unrestricted in terms of the weapons used, the territory or combatants involved, or the objectives pursued, especially one in which the laws of war are disregarded.

Question 13

UN Principles on Force

Answer 13

• States may not use or threaten the use of force
• States may use force defensively, when responding to an “armed attack”
• The UN Security Council possesses the legal monopoly on the use of force

Question 14

Charles Jean Jacques Joseph Ardantdu Picq

Answer 14

• 1821-1870
• French army officer
• Served France in Crimea, Syria, Algeria, Prussia

Question 15

Carl von Clausewitz

Answer 15

• 1780-1831
• Served in both Prussian and Russian forces
• Military theorist

Question 16

Clausewitz major themes:

Answer 16

• War as an instrument of policy
• Battle as the decisive means in war
• Fog and Friction
• Psychological forces and effects
• Interactions
• Link between the government, the people, and the military

Question 17

Niccolo Machiavelli

Answer 17

• 1469-1527
• Italian diplomat
• “Father of Modern Political Science”
• Realist author
• Head of the Second Chancery and Secretary to the Council of Ten for War