Test 2 Flashcards
The 13th, 14th, & 15th, amendments were important for:
The freedoms and rights of blacks
Legislative acts that make an individual guilty of a crime without a trial are
Bills of attainder
The Supreme Court extended the sixth amendment right to counsel to the state in
Gideon v. Wainwright 1963
Statements that the police are required to make to a person before that person is subject to in custody questioning are known as
Miranda warnings
The Supreme Court added the exclusionary rule to the states in
Mapp v. Ohio 1961
Women finally earned the right to vote in 1920 through the ________ Amendment
19th
The NAACP Began their litigation strategy To answer Segregation they chose to begin By challenging segregation in
Professional and post graduate schools
In Lynch v Donnelly 1984, the Supreme Court upheld placing a publicly founded Christmas nativity scene on public property on the grounds that
The display celebrated a national holiday and did not have the primary effect of advancing religion.
The Bill of Rights imposed limits initially
On the national government, but not on state government
The establishment clause
Bats government sponsorship or or support of religious activity
The Supreme Court struck down the daily reading of a nondenominational in New York’s public schools in
Eagle v. Vitale 1962
What is “prior restraint”?
Censorship before publication
The Supreme Court ruled that individuals arrested for a crime must be apprised for their constitutional rights in the case
Miranda v Arizona
In 1914, the Supreme Court ruled “that lawyers in criminal cases are nessities, not luxuries,” in the case
Exclusionary rule
In 2000, Supreme Court, in an opinion written by chief justice Rehnquist, reaffirmed the Central Holding of _____ that no admission of guilt is truly voluntary unless suspect has been apprised of his rights
Miranda
The right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury is guaranteed by the _________ amendment
Sixth
In 1972 the Supreme Court expanded on their ruling in Gideon by
Expanding right to counsel in offenses less serious than felonies
The Supreme Court has ruled that a jury trial must be held if a prison sentence of _______ is possible
Six months
The most frequently challenged part of the jury process has been
The method of selecting jurors
The Eighth amendment
Prohibits cruel and unusual punishment
In 1972 the Supreme Court ruled that the death penalty was cruel and unusual punishment in
Firman v Georgia
The leading interest group opponent of the death penalty in the 1960 was the
National Association for the advancement of colored persons ( NAACP)
The right to privacy stems from the idea that some areas of life are off-limits to governmental regulation and is inferred from constitutional rights
To freedom of religion, guaranteeing against unreasonable search and seizure, to be left alone
The case Girswold v. Connecticut 1965 involved the issue of
Birth control for married couples
A state program loans science textbooks to religious schools. A taxpayer sues, claiming the state is helping to establish religion. Based on precedentthe court would most likely decide that
The state had a secular purpose, and the benefit was to the students, not the religious institution
How many amendments were originally proposed for the constitution?
12
What was one of the first cases which applied the bill of rights to the states?
Gitlow v. New York
The sedition act of 1789 is about
Stirring up rebellion against government; outlaws false, malicious speech against national government
What was a feature of the “Incorporation Doctrine”
That the bill of rights should extend it to the states
The case which boy did New York Regent’s prayer in public schools was
ENGEL v. VVITALE
The case which ruled the Bible reading in public schools as a religious exercise when required by the school was unconstitutional was
AMBINGTON SCHOOL DISTRICT v. SCHEMPP
In the 1925 Gitlow case, the Supreme Court ruled that some speech could be prohibited if threatened the overthrow of the government or in other ways injured the public welfare. This doctrine came to be known as the
“Bad tendency” test
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that the concept of privacy included the right to a legal abortion?
Roe v. Wade
In the 1943 Barnett case, the Supreme Court upheld the right to refuse to salute the American flag on the basis of the constitutional guarantee of
Free speech
The “establishment clause” of the First Amendment prohibits the government from setting up a church. It also prevents the government from passing laws that
Aid one religion, aid all religions, prefer one religion over another
The fifth and 14th amendments provide
Do process of law
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that under the fifth amendment perception against self crimination, suspects must clearly be informed of their rights before they are asked questions
the Miranda case
In a long series of ruling that began with a 1925 Gitlow, the Supreme Court has
Began a process of selective incorporation of the Bill of Rights to the states
Naturalized citizens enjoy the same rights as native born Americans except
The right to be elected president or vice president
The clear and present danger test was formulated in
“Schenck v. Gennifer”
The Supreme Court held that “dighting words” do not convey ideas and this not subject to first amendment protection in
“Chapnlinsky v. New Hampshire” (1942)
The case which set forth the wall and separation doctrine
EVERSON v. BOARD OF EDUCATION
In what case did the Supreme Court hold that the first amendment prohibits punishment for publishing statements about the official conduct of public officials except when such statements are made with actual malice?
“New York Times Co. v. Sullivan” (1973)
In MILLER v CALIFORNIA (1973) The supreme court,in regard to obscene publications, ruled that
The standard of offensiveness could be left to the community
The 10th amendment states that the Powers not delegated to the United States by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are
Reserved to the states, or the people
Of the different ways between ordering relations between central government and local units, the most popular method is
A unitary system
Of about 200 countries in the world,
The most common political system is a unitary system
What kind of grant-in-aid allows the recipient of the grant the least independence inside determining how the money will be spent?
Categorical grant
What event is most associated with the federal government assuming it’s greatest power?
The Vietnam war
In 1857 the Supreme Court ruled That slaves were not citizens but property in,
Dred Scott v. Sandford
The era of dual federalism ended with the
Great depression
In the 1930s, the air of dual federalism came to an end with the great depression. This crisis lead to
Unemployment, new ideology of government, an increase in federal power
During the early years of the ‘New deal’, the Supreme Court
Rulled many programs unconstitutional
During the early years of the ‘new deal’ the attitude of the Supreme Court towards federal economic intervention could be characterized as
Laissez-faire
