Test #2 Flashcards
What is the general principle of a telescope?
It uses an Objective (lens or mirror) to form an image and uses an eyepiece (set of lenses) to magnify it
Two main types of telescopes and what differentiates them?
Refractor (Objective is a lens)
Reflector (Objective is a mirror)
What are the three powers of a telescope
Light-Gathering Power (Gather more light to see further objects) Resolving Power (Ability to see details) Magnifying Power (Abilty to make objects look bigger)
What are all the kinds of Electromagnetic waves In order of increasing power ?
Radio Waves Microwaves Infrared Visible Ultraviolet X-Rays Gamma rays
Examples and characteristics of Terrestrial planets
Mercury, Venus, Mars and Earth
Rocky Planets
Lost most of their atmosphere (H, He)
They are hotter and smaller gravity
Examples and characteristics of Jovian Planets
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune Gaseus Giants Made of H and He Cold and have many satellites Rotate very fast
What is special about Pluto
Looks like a terrestrial planet but very cold
Very elliptical orbit
Orbir more inclined
Member of the Kuiper Belt
Where can we find the different types of Asteroids and Comets (All made of rock and ice)
Asteroids : Between Mars and Jupiter
Kuiper belt Objects : Beyond Neptune
Comets : Oort’s cloud
Interresting characteristics of he Moon
Very large compared to the planet
Shows many craters
Smaller density than the Earth
No metallic core, almost no magnetic field
Interresting charasteristics of Io
Smallest of the Galilean moons of Jupiter
Covered by Lava (Active volcanoes)
Heated up by the tidal forces exerted by Jupiter
Interresting charasteristics of Europa
Galilean moon of Jupiter
Covered by Ice
Probably has a liqued ocean underneath the ice
Probable Extraterrestrial life
Interresting charasteristics of Ganymede
Largest of the Galilean Moons
Interresting charasteristics of Titan
Largest moon of Saturn
Rocky surface and thick atmosphere
Atmosphere mostly of Nitrogen
Similar to the early Earth
Interresting charasteristics of Triton
Neputine Satellite
Retrograde motion
Geysers of boiling liquid Nitrogen
Kuiper belt object captured by Neptune
What determines the average temperature of a planet
Its distance from the sun
What’s the Greenhouse effect?
An atmosphere that prevents some radition to escape
What is Brightness?
Rate at which we receive energy
What is luminosity?
Rate at which a star emits energy
What is the full sequence of spectral types?
OBAFGKM
What are the shift color when the star moves?
Red shift when it moves away
Blue shift when it approaches
What has the shortern lifetime : High mass or low mass stars
High mass Stars
What does a star become when it runs out of fuel?
A Giant or a Supergiant
Charateristics of Large Stars?
Luminous
Hot
Large radius
Characteristcs of Small Stars?
Cool
Not luminous
Small radius
What is the source of energy for a Main Sequence Star?
Fusion of hyrdrogen into helium in the central core
Why does the fusion of H into He releases energy? (Nuclear Fision)
The mass of an He nucleus is smaller than that of the original four H nuclei added together (loss of mass = energy released)
How does Nuclear fission releases energy?
Increases the binding energy per nucleon
