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Meteorology > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Fog forms when the air temperature is

A

Equal to, or below the dewpoint temperature

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2
Q

What does water tend to do when cooled?

A

Condense

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3
Q

When cold air displaces warm air you have a

A

Cold front

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4
Q

Fog most commonly encountered at sea is called

A

Advection fog

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5
Q

Radiation fog is formed by a

A

Temperature inversion

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6
Q

What color is an occluded front on the weather map?

A

Purple

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7
Q

What kind of fog is produced by warm moist air passing over a cold surface?

A

Advection fog

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8
Q

While on watch you notice that the air temperature is dropping and is approaching the dewpoint. Which type of weather should be forecasted?

A

Fog

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9
Q

Fog that occurs on clear nights with light breezes and forms because the earths surface is cooling rapidly is known as

A

Radiation fog

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10
Q

A weather front exists when

A

Air masses of different temperatures meet

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11
Q

What is a stationary front look like on a map?

A

Alternating circles and triangles, red and blue

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12
Q

Cold front symbols are

A

Blue triangles

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13
Q

Warm fronts symbols are

A

Red circles

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14
Q

An occluded front is caused by a

A

Cold front over taking a warm front

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15
Q

What is the approximate geographic visibility of an object with a height above the water 70 feet for an observer with the height of 65 feet?

A

19 miles

1.17 x sq rt he + sq rt ho

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16
Q

What factors determine safe speed?

A

State of the wind, sea, current, and the proximity of navigational hazards

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17
Q

In restricted visibility a vessel being towed, if manned is required to sound which signal?

A

One prolonged in three short blasts

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18
Q

The rules also require this factor to be taken into account when determining safe speed.

A

Location of vessels detected by radar

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19
Q

In fog, you hear forward of your beam fog signal to prolong blast in succession every two minutes. What does the signal indicate?

A

Power driven vessel underway but stopped and making no way

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20
Q

You’re underway and fog when you hear a whistle signal of one prolonged blast followed by Too $hort blast. The signal could indicate all the following except

A

A vessel being towed

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21
Q

A local wind occurs during the daytime and caused by the different rates of warming of land and water is a

A

Seabreeze

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22
Q

According to Buys ballots Law, when an observer in the northern hemisphere experience a northwest wind the center of low pressure is located to

A

Northeast

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23
Q

In most cases, the direction of the apparent wind lies between the bow and

A

Direction of the true wind

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24
Q

A warm air mass is characterized by

A

Stability

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25
Q

The height of a wave is the vertical distance

A

From the crest to the trough

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26
Q

When looking at the weather map, closely spaced pressure gradient lines would indicate

A

Highwinds

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27
Q

The time interval between successive wave crest is called the

A

Period

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28
Q

Fetch is the

A

Stretch of water over which a wave forming wind blows

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29
Q

The Beaufort scale is used to estimate the

A

Wind speed

30
Q

And air mass that has moved down from Canada would most likely have the symbols

A

cPK

31
Q

You were at 30° north and 95° west approximately, where are you?

A

North America

32
Q

What two things decrease continuously with altitude in the atmosphere?

A

Pressure and temperature

33
Q

Is the temperature in the tropopause related to the temperature at the base of the troposphere?

A

No

34
Q

The gas that has the greatest variation from place to place in from time to time ….Lower atmosphere is

A

Carbon dioxide

35
Q

The difference of temperature between 233K and -40°F is

A

0°C

36
Q

The amount of radiation wavelength from an object is determined by its

A

Temperature

37
Q

The albedo is a measure of

A

Reflectivity

38
Q

The transport of heat and wind and ocean currents is what process?

A

Advective

39
Q

The polar side of a hill would tend to have what characteristic opposite the equator side of the hill?

A

The cooler, more moist, have vegetation more characteristic of higher altitude and latitude

40
Q

Heat energy released when water vapor changes to a liquid is called

A

Latent heat of condensation

41
Q

Melting of ice is what process for the atmosphere?

A

Heating

42
Q

Sinking air ______ by _________.

A

Cools

Compression

43
Q

Irregular heating of the earth surface could result from

A

Curvature of the earth, thickness of the atmosphere, length of the day

44
Q

The earth is tilted at an angle of 23.5° with respect to the place of its orbit around the sun. If the amount of tilt were increased to 40°, what could we expect in the middle latitudes?

A

Hotter summers and colder winters

45
Q

The only substance near the surface that is found naturally in the atmosphere as a solid, liquid and gas is

A

Water

46
Q

The primary source of oxygen for the earths atmosphere during the past half billion years or so appears to be

A

Photosynthesis

47
Q

Tibetans are above roughly what percent of the air molecules in the atmosphere?

A

50%

48
Q

Wind direction is

A

The direction from which the wind is blowing

49
Q

In the middle latitudes of the northern hemisphere, surface winds tend to blow ________ and _______ around an area of low pressure.

A

Clockwise

Inward

50
Q

Which of the following is most likely associated with Fairweather?

A

High-pressure area

51
Q

Generally weather in the middle latitudes tend to move from

A

West to east

52
Q

What provides a measure of the average speed of air molecules?

A

Pressure

53
Q

What is released as sensible heat during the formation of clouds?

A

Latent heat

54
Q

What are the processes of condensation and freezing?

A

Both released sensible heat into the environment

55
Q

Heat transferred from the surface of the moon can take place by

A

Radiation

56
Q

The sun emits its greatest intensity of radiation in what portion of the spectrum?

A

Infrared

57
Q

If the earths average temperature were to increase, the amount of radiation emitted from the earth surface would ________ And the wavelength of maximum radiation which shift toward ______ wavelengths.

A

Increase

Shorter

58
Q

The atmosphere greenhouse effect is produced mainly by the absorption in remission of

A

Infrared radiation by the atmosphere

59
Q

Low clouds retard surface cooling at night better than clear skies because

A

The clouds absorb and radiate infrared energy back earth

60
Q

The albedo of the moon is 7%, this means that

A

7% of the sunlight striking the moon is reflected

61
Q

Clouds _________ infrared radiation and _________ visible radiation

A

Absorb, reflect

62
Q

During the winter solstice in the northern hemisphere

A

All the above

63
Q

Which of the following helps to explain why even though northern latitudes experience 24 hours of sunlight on June 22, they are not warmer than the latitude further south?

A

All the above

64
Q

For maximum winter warmth, in the northern hemisphere large windows in the house should face

A

South

65
Q

Seasons are caused by

A

Changing distance between the earth and the sun, angle at which sunlight reaches the earth, length of the daylight hours

66
Q

Although the polar regions radiate away more heat energy then they receive by insulation in the course of the year, they are prevented from becoming progressively colder each year by the

A

Circulation of heat by the atmosphere and oceans

67
Q

In clear weather the air next to the ground is usually ________ Then the air above during the night and ________ then the air above during the day.

A

Colder

Warmer

68
Q

Assuming that the night will remain clear and calm and that predicted minimum temperature is 0°C, suddenly the wind speed increases and remains gusty throughout the night. The minimum temperature will most likely be

A

Higher than predicted due to mixing

69
Q

Thermal belts are

A

Warmer hillsides that are less likely to experience freezing conditions

70
Q

Which of the following is not a reason why water warms and cools much more slowly than land?

A

It takes more heat to raise the temperature of a given amount of land then it does to raise the temperature of water

Meteorology (3 decks)

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