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Di Imaging 1 > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Presents as bilateral DJD with central joint erosions. Seen with what?

A

Gull wing

DJD/erosive OA

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2
Q

What is gull wing and what is it seen with?

A

Bilateral DJD with central joint erosions

-DJD/Erosive OA

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3
Q

Targets DIPs/PIPs and 1st MCP. see osteophytes, sclerosis, cystic changes, loss of joint space and misalignment

A

DJD

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4
Q

What is seen with DJD and what does it target

A

Target: DIP/PIP/1st MCP, weight bearing—spine, hips, knee, AC.
Osteophytes, sclerosis, cysts, decreased joint space-asymmetric, misalignment due to redistribution of forces and deformity

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5
Q

Herberdens nodes

A

DIP

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6
Q

Bouchard’s node

A

PIP

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7
Q

What is it called when degeneration is seen in first MTP joint along with stiffness and pain

A

Hallux rigidus

Hallux valgus

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8
Q

What is hallux rigidus. Seen with?

A

DJD of feet

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9
Q

Normal angle of first MTP. If more than then what?

A

15 degrees or less normal

More: hallux Valgus

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10
Q

1st/2nd intermetatarsal angle greater than ___ is consisten with?

A

9 degrees

Metarsus primus Varus

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11
Q

What is metatarsus primus varus

A

When 1st/2nd intermetatarsal angle is greater than 9 degrees

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12
Q

Bunions are measured via what angle. The larger the angle….?

A

Intermetatarsal angle…should be less than 9 degrees

Larger angle= larger bunion

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13
Q

Where is DJD usually NOT seen in the shoulder unless trauma?

A

GH joint

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14
Q

What joint of the shoulder is often involved with DJD

A

AC joint

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15
Q

What is buttressing. What is it seen with

A

Increased cortical thickening of the medial femoral neck seen with OA of iliofemoral articulation

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16
Q

What is a increased cortical thickening of medial femoral neck? Seen with?

A

Buttressing

OA of iliofemoral articulation

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17
Q

What represent synovial intrusion through cartilage tissues

A

Cysts

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18
Q

What is a large synovial intrusion through cartilage fissures known as

A

Geodes

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19
Q

What does kohlers line measure for

A

Acetabular protrusion/otto’s pelvis/protusio acetabuli

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20
Q

Alas for acetabular protrusions

A

Kohlers line recall

Ottos pelvis
Protrusio acetabuli

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21
Q

DDD allows what

A

Retrilithesis

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22
Q

Posterior joint arthrosis allows what

A

Anterior movement

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23
Q

Spondylosis deformans

A

Outer disc degeneration

Marked by osteophytes

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24
Q

Intervertebral chondrosis

A

Inner disc

Marked by decreased disc height

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25
Q

What is marked by decreased disc height (type of intervertebral disc disease)

A

Intervertebral chondrosis (inner disc)

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26
Q

What is marked by osteophytes (intervertebral disc disease)

A 
Spondylosis deformans (outer disc)
Degeneration of the annulus
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27
Q

What phenomenon is sometimes seen with DDD

A

Vacuum aka Knutson’s

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28
Q

What is intervertebral disc osteochondrosis

A

Primary degeneration of nucleus pulposis

  • loss of disc height with minimal osteophytes
  • knutson’s vacuum phenomenon
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29
Q

Aka for endplate sclerosis

A

Hemispherical sponylosclerosis

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30
Q

Modic changes

Dark T1/Bright T2

A

Inflammation (marrow edema/fluid)

Modic type 1

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31
Q

What represents inflammation on MRIs/Modic type 1

A

Dark T1/Bright T2

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32
Q

Modic changes

Bright T1 and T2

A

Fatty infiltrate

Modic Type 2

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33
Q

What modic changes are seen on MRI with fatty infiltrate

A

Bright T1 and T2

Modic Type 2

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34
Q

Modic change

Dark T1 and T2

A

Sclerosis

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35
Q

What modic changes are seen with sclerosis

A

Dark T1 and T2

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36
Q

Modic Type 1

A

Inflammation

Dark T1/Bright T2

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37
Q

Modic Type 2

A

Fatty infiltrate

Bright T1 and T2

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38
Q

Modic Type 3

A

Dark T1 and T2

Sclerosis

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39
Q

By saying modic—it means signal changes are due to what. If not, then what?

A

If changes due to DDD, if not due to infection/tumor etc

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40
Q

White cortex is “right” on what MR

A

T1

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41
Q

White CSF is “right” on what MR

A

T2

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42
Q

JDD-Juvenile Discogenic Disease

A

T-L scheuermann’s disease

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43
Q

What is the name of the lateral projection seen on a film in uncovertebral degeneration

A

Pseudofracture (black)

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44
Q

What happens to joints of Lusaka when they degenerate

A

Uncinate hypertrophy

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45
Q

Where is zygapophyseal degeneration MC

A

Lower lumbar
Middle cervical
Upper and middle thoracic

46
Q

What does DDD look like on a T2 MR

A

Dark

Decreased signal

47
Q

HADD MC affects what

A

Shoulder and hip

Supraspinatus tendon MC

48
Q

What is pellegrini-Steida calcification

A

Calcification of medial tibial collateral ligament after injury

49
Q

What is SOM (synovial osteochondrometaplasia)

A

Joint mice (usually many) with well-defined boarders seen in joints

50
Q

What is known as apple core deformity

A

PVNS

Pigmented villonodcular synovitis

51
Q

What is PVNS

A

Pigmented villonodular synovitis

Apple core deformity

Slow growing, benign, locally invasive tumor of synovium

52
Q

Where is PVNS MC?

A

Knee, hip, elbow, ankle

53
Q

What does a normal meniscus look like on MRI? Torn?

A

Dark triangle

Abnormal if have high signal intensity crossing meniscus

54
Q

What is most common cause of neurotrophic arthropathy

A

Diabetes

55
Q

6 D’s of neuropathic arthropathy

A 
Distended (joint)
Density increase
Debris
Dislocation
Disorganization
Destruction
56
Q

Atrophied neurotrophic

A

MC form of Charcot
Presents as osteopathic process with complete bone resorption of ends

“Licked candy cane appearance”

57
Q

DJD implies what

A

Degeneration of synovial articulation

58
Q

MC areas of degeneration in spine

A

C5/C6

L4/L5

59
Q

TR and TE on T1 and T2

A

T1: short, short
T2: long, long

60
Q

What MR is best for water? Fat?

A 
T2= water
T1= fat
61
Q

What is DISH?

A

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis/forestier’s diease/ankylosing hyperostosis

Characterized by ligament ossification/hyperostosis

62
Q

What ligaments may DISH affect

A

MC ALL but may see in PLL
(Thick flowing
0

MC in thoracic. May see lower cervicals/upper lumbar

63
Q

What is pannus

A

Abnormal layer of fibrovascular tissue

64
Q

MC seronegative spondyloarthropathy

A

AS

aka Marie strumpells

65
Q

AS affects what 100% of the time

A

SI joints bilateral and symmetric

66
Q

What is romanus lesion and associate with what

A

Destruction of corner of vertebral body

AS

67
Q

What is bamboo spine and associated with?

A

Multiple segments get ankylosed

AS

68
Q

What is trolley track and dagger sign and what associated with

A

Trolley track: ossification of capsule, ligamentum flavum, and inter/supraspinous ligament

Dagger: ossification of inter/supraspinous ligament

AS

69
Q

What is AS radio graphically similar to?

A

Enteropathic arthritis

70
Q

What does psoriatic arthritis affect

A

Peripheral joints
SI
Spine
Hands: DIP/PIP

71
Q

What is radisographially similar to psoriatic arthritis

A

Reactive arthritis

72
Q

What is ray pattern seen with

A

Psoriatic arthritis

73
Q

What is mouse ears and see with?

A

Marginal erosions

Psoriatic arthritis

74
Q

What is pencil in cup and seen with?

A

Whittling of phalanx and erosion into articulate surface

Psoriatic arthritis

75
Q

What seronegative arthropathy predominately involved lower extremity and is almost exclusive to males

A

Reactive arthritis

76
Q

What joints are predominantly affected with reactive arthritis

A 
Lower extremity
MTP
IP-foot
Calcaneous
Ankle
Knee

Bilateral asymmetric

77
Q

What is chondrocalcinosis and where MC

A 
Ca++ in the joint 
Knee (menisci)
Wrist
MCP
Pubic symphysis

Looks like DJD but in an unusual location

78
Q

What looks like DJD but in an unusual location

A

CPPD

79
Q

Where is CPPD most likely seen

A

1.Knee
Chondrocalcinosis in menisci

  1. Wrist
    Calcification of triangular cartilage on ulnar meniscal triquetral joint
80
Q

What is triad seen in hemochromatosis

A

Bronze colored skin
Cirrhosis of liver
Diabetes

81
Q

What are seen in hemochromatossi

A

Hook osteophytes

82
Q

What are hook osteophytes seen with and where

A

MCP

Hemochromatosis

83
Q

Where does gout really like

A

1st MTP

84
Q

What sign is seen with gout

A

“Overhanding edge/margin sign”

-periarticular erosions

85
Q

What test results are seen with zero positives

A

Increased ESR
+ ANA
-HLA-B27

SLE
Scleroderma
Jaccoud’s

86
Q

Test results with seronegatives

A

Increased ESR
-ANA
+HLA-B27

87
Q

What does the term syndesmophyte imply?

A

Seronegative inflammatory disease

88
Q

What is an intercalary ossicle and seen where

A

Anterior aspect of disc

Annulus degeneration

89
Q

What is scheuermanns

A

Juvenile discogenic disease of 3 continuous vertebra with disc space narrowing, end plate narrowing
-schmorels nodes

90
Q

DDX for acetabular protrusion

A

OA of hip
RA
Bone softening
Paget’s disease

**Kohler’s line

91
Q

Acetabular protrustion significant if more than what in Males? Females?

A

3mm

6mm

92
Q

Uncinate hypertrophy can give what finding on a lateral projection

A

Pseudofracture

93
Q

Facets should have what normal appearance that is lost during facet arthrosis

A

Smooth “undulating” appearance

94
Q

Signs of thoracic osteoarthritis

A
  • Decreased discs in dorsal direction (posterior)
  • ostophytes on the right and anterior
  • sclerosis
95
Q

IVD herniation in cervical. Midline and lateral hernation have what affects

A

Midline: myelopathies
Lateral: nerve root below ex: c5 disc affects c6 nerve

96
Q

Lumbar disc hernation. Midline and foraminal cause what

A

Midline: nerve root below aka transversing NR
Foraminal: nerve root at same level

97
Q

For both cervical and lumbosacral disc herniations the nerve root usually involved corresponds to?

A

The lower of the adjacent vertebra

98
Q

On a T2, how is herniation seen/appear

A

High signal intensity usually refers to outer annulus

99
Q

What is normal canal width in Cervicals and lumbar and where is it measured from

A

Posterior vertebral body to spinolaminar line

Cervicals: 12mm
Lumbar: 15mm

Anything less is classified as stenosis

100
Q

Where is DJD of the knee Mc?

A

Medial tibiofemoral

101
Q

Appearance of DDD on T2

A

Dark discs

102
Q

Enthesopathic changes seen in what types of diseases

A

Degenerative and inflammatory

103
Q

If cants distinguish between DISH/AS on cervical lateral X-ray what could you do?

A

Look at AP lumbar. If it’s AS. It MUST affect SI joints

104
Q

Protrusion-herniation

A

Disc beyond interspace

Incomplete disruption of annulus

105
Q

What does a high intensity signal on a T2 at the back of a disc indicate

A

Annular tear

106
Q

What conditions involve acro-osteolysis (6)

A 
Psoriasis
Scleroderma (PSS)
Injury
Neuropathy
HPT
Hajdu-Cheney syndrome
107
Q

Aka for pannus

A

Hyperplastic synovitis

108
Q

Patient presents with juxta-articular hyperemia what disease is most likely associate with?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

109
Q

Neurotrophic arthropathy, Charcot joints, neuropathic joints are MC due to

A

Diabetes

110
Q

Atrophied neurotrophic

A

MC form of Charcot
Osteolytic process that bone is completely resorted of ends of affected bones

Licked candy cane appearance

Di Imaging 1 (2 decks)

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