Test 2 Flashcards
What is the most common oral tumor in kids?
Irritation fibroma
What type of lesion is a frenal tag?
Irritation fibroma
Where are most giant cell fibromas?
Gingiva
__________ will be found on the lingual gingiva of the canine.
Retrocuspid papilla
Where are most pyogenic granulomas?
Gingiva
What are some variants of pyogenic granulomas?
Pregnancy tumor, pulp polyp
May mimic a soft tissue abscess
How many infantile hemangiomas will result in complications?
20%
What is the most common oral site for a lymphangioma?
Tongue
Which lesion looks like frog eggs?
Lymphangioma
T/F: Lymphangiomas can recur.
True
A ___________ is a reactive lesion of salivary glands that occurs most often in the lower lip.
Mucoceles
A __________ is a mucocele of the oral floor.
Ranula
What is caused from the separation of the dental follicle from the crown of an erupting tooth?
Eruption cyst
What is the most common odontogenic cyst?
Dentigerous cyst
Associated with crown of unerupted tooth
What are the most common sites for dentigerous cysts?
Molar and canine
______________ is due to chronic trauma of anterior tongue due to natal and neonatal teeth.
Riga-fede disease
What is the cause of median rhomboid glossitis?
Candida
What is are the three major classifications that define asthma?
- Symptoms are episodic or chronic
- Bronchial hyper-responsiveness
- Evidence of reversibility
T/F: There are both environmental and genetic factors for asthma.
True
T/F: Asthma is the most common chronic medical condition of childhood.
True
What are the two main types of asthma?
Type 1 - triggered by common viral infections
Type 2 - associated with allergy and persists into late childhood
T/F: Asthmatics can have both extrinsic (allergic) and intrinsic (non-allergic) triggers.
True
Roughly 10% have both
T/F: Rescue medications should always be brought to dental appointments.
True
SABAs (albuterol)
T/F: Candida infections are more common in asthmatics.
True
What are key questions to ask the physician about an asthmatic patient?
- Any medical triggers?
- Severity?
- Epinephrine or emergency needed?
- Corticosteroids?
When should you consult the MD?
If on systemic steroids
T/F: NSAIDS should be used for pain in asthmatics.
False
Acetaminophen
___________ is a potentially life threatening IgE-mediated reaction to foods or drugs.
Angioedema
What is an oral allergy syndrome?
IgE mediated allergy to raw fruits and veggies
Most common in those with pollen allergies
What is the most common type of heart defect?
Ventricular septal defect
Roughly how many children with a CHD will have a critical defect?
25%
T/F: The population of people with CHDs is growing.
True
More people surviving
What is an atrial septal defect?
Opening between right and left atria
Blood from atria mix
Can cause pulmonary hypertension, right sided heart enlargement
What is the most common type of ASD?
Secundum - failure of septum to close in development
Ventral septal defects account for ________ of all congenital heart defects.
30%
What is the most common type of VSD?
Membranous
Surgery needed
What is a patent ductus arteriosus?
Leads to blood traveling from aorta to pulmonary artery
What is the 3 year survival for pediatric heart transplants?
90%
T/F: Infective endocarditis is more common in heart transplant patients.
True
Which heart defects require SBE prophylaxis?
Cyanotic (oxygen lower than normal), not fully repaired
Repaired with prosthetic material
Repaired but with residual defects
What is a normal INR?
1
2-4 is good for extraction
Greater than 5 = high chance of bleeding
T/F: Cowhorns are used for mandibular primary molars.
False
May damage successor
What are the two best techniques for preventing aspiration?
Throat screen and head control
What should be done if the root fractures?
If difficult to retrieve, leave it and allow it to resorb. Tell parent
What do you do if the permanent tooth is extracted with the primary?
Immediately reimplant
What should be advised for pain?
Motrin
T/F: Space maintenance is common in anterior Teeth.
False
T/F: Space maintenance is necessary for loss of primary first molars.
False
If permanent first molars are erupted and primary second molars remain
Which devices are used for Space maintenance?
Band and loop
LLHA (mand)
Nance (max)
T/F: Band and loop will hold space for more than one tooth.
False
T/F: LLHA can be used prior to lower incisor eruption.
False
Not the case for Nance in maxilla
T/F: Grandparents can consent to treatment.
False
Unless legal guardians or power of attorney
T/F: Staff can disclose information for consent.
True
Dentist must make him/herself available for questions
Define oral public health.
Science and art of preventing and controlling dental disease and promoting dental health through organized community efforts
What is the fluoride level in water maintained at?
0.8-1.3 mg/l
What are the three core functions of public health?
- Assessment - surveys, data collection
- Policy development
- Assurance
How is access to care measured?
- Number of people with dental visits
- Number uninsured
- Identify dental care as unmet need
Which minority reports the most untreated caries form ages 6-8?
American Indian/Alaskan native
What are the two major reasons people do not visit the dentist?
- Lack insurance or cannot afford care
2. Do not perceive need for dental care
T/F: Medicaid patients frequently miss appointments and have disruptive behavior.
False
What are some symptoms of ADHD?
Inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity
T/F: To be diagnosed with ADHD symptoms must be present before age 12 and in 2 or more settings.
True
What are the core features of autism spectrum disorder?
- Problems with social communication and interaction (verbal and nonverbal)
- Restricted range of behaviors or interests or repetitive patterns of behavior
What are the different severity levels of ASD?
Level 1 - requires support
Level 2 - requires substantial support
Level 3 - requires very substantial support
What are the contraindications for a child taking ADHD meds during a dental procedure?
Virtually none. They should always take their meds
T/F: Autism patients are at a greater risk for caries.
False
Higher risk for damaging oral habits
T/F: Most extra teeth are in the maxilla.
True
T/F: Single tooth microdontia is common.
True
Peg lateral
What is the difference between gemination and fusion?
Gemination: Tooth count is normal but one extra large tooth
Fusion: Tooth count is fewer than normal as two teeth come together
T/F: Amelogenesis imperfecta affects primary and permanent dentition.
True
T/F: Mild flourosis can cause a greater caries risk.
False
Decreased risk
Moderate/severe = higher risk
____________ causes a dark undefined radiographic appearance. Look like ghost teeth.
Regional odontodysplasia
Which diseases can lead to obesity?
Hypothyroidism, growth hormone deficiency, Cushing syndrome, damage to CNS
Children with a deficiency in __________ may have early onset morbid obesity.
leptin
BMI is a reliable tool to asses body fat in children over ________.
2 years old
What is acanthosis nigricans?
Sign of insulin resistance
What are some potential surgeries to help with weight loss?
Gastric bypass, gastric sleeve, adjustable gastric band
What is the most common unmet healthcare need?
Dental care
What is a VP shunt?
Drains excess CSF in children with hydrocephalus
What is a central line?
Catheter in a large vein
T/F: A desensitizing visit works well for SHCN patients.
True
T/F: When struggling with X-rays have your staff hold the sensor.
False
Have parent hold
T/F: Patients with special healthcare needs are automatically at moderate risk for caries.
True
T/F: Patients with Down syndrome have increased risk of cardiac abnormalities and high risk of leukemia.
True
