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AU18: Pediatric Dent > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common oral tumor in kids?

A

Irritation fibroma

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2
Q

What type of lesion is a frenal tag?

A

Irritation fibroma

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3
Q

Where are most giant cell fibromas?

A

Gingiva

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4
Q

__________ will be found on the lingual gingiva of the canine.

A

Retrocuspid papilla

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5
Q

Where are most pyogenic granulomas?

A

Gingiva

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6
Q

What are some variants of pyogenic granulomas?

A

Pregnancy tumor, pulp polyp

May mimic a soft tissue abscess

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7
Q

How many infantile hemangiomas will result in complications?

A

20%

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8
Q

What is the most common oral site for a lymphangioma?

A

Tongue

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9
Q

Which lesion looks like frog eggs?

A

Lymphangioma

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10
Q

T/F: Lymphangiomas can recur.

A

True

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11
Q

A ___________ is a reactive lesion of salivary glands that occurs most often in the lower lip.

A

Mucoceles

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12
Q

A __________ is a mucocele of the oral floor.

A

Ranula

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13
Q

What is caused from the separation of the dental follicle from the crown of an erupting tooth?

A

Eruption cyst

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14
Q

What is the most common odontogenic cyst?

A

Dentigerous cyst

Associated with crown of unerupted tooth

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15
Q

What are the most common sites for dentigerous cysts?

A

Molar and canine

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16
Q

______________ is due to chronic trauma of anterior tongue due to natal and neonatal teeth.

A

Riga-fede disease

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17
Q

What is the cause of median rhomboid glossitis?

A

Candida

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18
Q

What is are the three major classifications that define asthma?

A
  1. Symptoms are episodic or chronic
  2. Bronchial hyper-responsiveness
  3. Evidence of reversibility
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19
Q

T/F: There are both environmental and genetic factors for asthma.

A

True

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20
Q

T/F: Asthma is the most common chronic medical condition of childhood.

A

True

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21
Q

What are the two main types of asthma?

A

Type 1 - triggered by common viral infections

Type 2 - associated with allergy and persists into late childhood

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22
Q

T/F: Asthmatics can have both extrinsic (allergic) and intrinsic (non-allergic) triggers.

A

True

Roughly 10% have both

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23
Q

T/F: Rescue medications should always be brought to dental appointments.

A

True

SABAs (albuterol)

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24
Q

T/F: Candida infections are more common in asthmatics.

A

True

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25
Q

What are key questions to ask the physician about an asthmatic patient?

A
  1. Any medical triggers?
  2. Severity?
  3. Epinephrine or emergency needed?
  4. Corticosteroids?
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26
Q

When should you consult the MD?

A

If on systemic steroids

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27
Q

T/F: NSAIDS should be used for pain in asthmatics.

A

False

Acetaminophen

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28
Q

___________ is a potentially life threatening IgE-mediated reaction to foods or drugs.

A

Angioedema

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29
Q

What is an oral allergy syndrome?

A

IgE mediated allergy to raw fruits and veggies

Most common in those with pollen allergies

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30
Q

What is the most common type of heart defect?

A

Ventricular septal defect

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31
Q

Roughly how many children with a CHD will have a critical defect?

A

25%

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32
Q

T/F: The population of people with CHDs is growing.

A

True

More people surviving

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33
Q

What is an atrial septal defect?

A

Opening between right and left atria

Blood from atria mix

Can cause pulmonary hypertension, right sided heart enlargement

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34
Q

What is the most common type of ASD?

A

Secundum - failure of septum to close in development

35
Q

Ventral septal defects account for ________ of all congenital heart defects.

A

30%

36
Q

What is the most common type of VSD?

A

Membranous

Surgery needed

37
Q

What is a patent ductus arteriosus?

A

Leads to blood traveling from aorta to pulmonary artery

38
Q

What is the 3 year survival for pediatric heart transplants?

A

90%

39
Q

T/F: Infective endocarditis is more common in heart transplant patients.

A

True

40
Q

Which heart defects require SBE prophylaxis?

A

Cyanotic (oxygen lower than normal), not fully repaired

Repaired with prosthetic material

Repaired but with residual defects

41
Q

What is a normal INR?

A

1

2-4 is good for extraction

Greater than 5 = high chance of bleeding

42
Q

T/F: Cowhorns are used for mandibular primary molars.

A

False

May damage successor

43
Q

What are the two best techniques for preventing aspiration?

A

Throat screen and head control

44
Q

What should be done if the root fractures?

A

If difficult to retrieve, leave it and allow it to resorb. Tell parent

45
Q

What do you do if the permanent tooth is extracted with the primary?

A

Immediately reimplant

46
Q

What should be advised for pain?

A

Motrin

47
Q

T/F: Space maintenance is common in anterior Teeth.

A

False

48
Q

T/F: Space maintenance is necessary for loss of primary first molars.

A

False

If permanent first molars are erupted and primary second molars remain

49
Q

Which devices are used for Space maintenance?

A

Band and loop

LLHA (mand)
Nance (max)

50
Q

T/F: Band and loop will hold space for more than one tooth.

A

False

51
Q

T/F: LLHA can be used prior to lower incisor eruption.

A

False

Not the case for Nance in maxilla

52
Q

T/F: Grandparents can consent to treatment.

A

False

Unless legal guardians or power of attorney

53
Q

T/F: Staff can disclose information for consent.

A

True

Dentist must make him/herself available for questions

54
Q

Define oral public health.

A

Science and art of preventing and controlling dental disease and promoting dental health through organized community efforts

55
Q

What is the fluoride level in water maintained at?

A

0.8-1.3 mg/l

56
Q

What are the three core functions of public health?

A
  1. Assessment - surveys, data collection
  2. Policy development
  3. Assurance
57
Q

How is access to care measured?

A
  1. Number of people with dental visits
  2. Number uninsured
  3. Identify dental care as unmet need
58
Q

Which minority reports the most untreated caries form ages 6-8?

A

American Indian/Alaskan native

59
Q

What are the two major reasons people do not visit the dentist?

A
  1. Lack insurance or cannot afford care

2. Do not perceive need for dental care

60
Q

T/F: Medicaid patients frequently miss appointments and have disruptive behavior.

A

False

61
Q

What are some symptoms of ADHD?

A

Inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity

62
Q

T/F: To be diagnosed with ADHD symptoms must be present before age 12 and in 2 or more settings.

A

True

63
Q

What are the core features of autism spectrum disorder?

A
  1. Problems with social communication and interaction (verbal and nonverbal)
  2. Restricted range of behaviors or interests or repetitive patterns of behavior
64
Q

What are the different severity levels of ASD?

A

Level 1 - requires support
Level 2 - requires substantial support
Level 3 - requires very substantial support

65
Q

What are the contraindications for a child taking ADHD meds during a dental procedure?

A

Virtually none. They should always take their meds

66
Q

T/F: Autism patients are at a greater risk for caries.

A

False

Higher risk for damaging oral habits

67
Q

T/F: Most extra teeth are in the maxilla.

A

True

68
Q

T/F: Single tooth microdontia is common.

A

True

Peg lateral

69
Q

What is the difference between gemination and fusion?

A

Gemination: Tooth count is normal but one extra large tooth

Fusion: Tooth count is fewer than normal as two teeth come together

70
Q

T/F: Amelogenesis imperfecta affects primary and permanent dentition.

A

True

71
Q

T/F: Mild flourosis can cause a greater caries risk.

A

False

Decreased risk

Moderate/severe = higher risk

72
Q

____________ causes a dark undefined radiographic appearance. Look like ghost teeth.

A

Regional odontodysplasia

73
Q

Which diseases can lead to obesity?

A

Hypothyroidism, growth hormone deficiency, Cushing syndrome, damage to CNS

74
Q

Children with a deficiency in __________ may have early onset morbid obesity.

A

leptin

75
Q

BMI is a reliable tool to asses body fat in children over ________.

A

2 years old

76
Q

What is acanthosis nigricans?

A

Sign of insulin resistance

77
Q

What are some potential surgeries to help with weight loss?

A

Gastric bypass, gastric sleeve, adjustable gastric band

78
Q

What is the most common unmet healthcare need?

A

Dental care

79
Q

What is a VP shunt?

A

Drains excess CSF in children with hydrocephalus

80
Q

What is a central line?

A

Catheter in a large vein

81
Q

T/F: A desensitizing visit works well for SHCN patients.

A

True

82
Q

T/F: When struggling with X-rays have your staff hold the sensor.

A

False

Have parent hold

83
Q

T/F: Patients with special healthcare needs are automatically at moderate risk for caries.

A

True

84
Q

T/F: Patients with Down syndrome have increased risk of cardiac abnormalities and high risk of leukemia.

A

True

AU18: Pediatric Dent (7 decks)

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