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Biology > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Producers- are organisms that make their own food and organic matter from inorganic nutrients

A

Autotrophs (self feeders)

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2
Q

Consumers- can not make organic molecules from inorganic ones

A

Heterotrophs (other-feeders)

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3
Q

Sunlight energy=

A

Photons

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4
Q

Products of photosynthesis

A

Glucose(C6 H12 O6) and oxygen (O2)

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5
Q

Products of cellular respiration?

A

Carbon dioxide(CO2) and water (H2O)

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6
Q

Converts light energy into sugar

A

Photosynthesis

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7
Q

The chemical equation for photosynthesis

A

6CO2+6H2O+light energy➡️C6H12O8+6O2

Carbon dioxide+water+light energy➡️sugar+ oxygen

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8
Q

Plants aren’t the only autotrophs what are three others?

A

Kelp
Cyanobacteria
Other unicellular organisms

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9
Q

Algal blooms in lake Eire are caused by?

A

Farm and industrial run off

Home lawn run off

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10
Q

Algal blooms in Lake Erie result in________?

A

Anoxia

  • oxygen depletion in water
  • Fish move or die
  • hurts economy
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11
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur?

A

Chloroplast

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12
Q

Light consist of _______ that contain energy

A

Photons

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13
Q

Photons turn into what in the thylakoid membranes?

A

An excited electron

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14
Q

__________ capture light energy

Such as?

A

Pigment molecules

Chlorophyll or carotenoids

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15
Q

Light reactions in a chloroplast.

A

Takes in light and water (inside the light reaction part it uses NADP+ and ADP)and converts it to ATP and NADPH. oxygen (O2) is a byproduct. (Light dependent)

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16
Q

Calvin cycle

A

Light independent reaction, enzymes use energy molecules like carbon dioxide, NADPH, and ATP to synthesize glucose and other organic molecules (sugar). Puts back in NADP+ and ADP out puts sugar

17
Q

Why we need photosynthesis?

A
  • all heterotrophs depend on it.
  • we can’t make food energy on our own.
  • “but I don’t eat my veggies” your food eats veggies.
18
Q

Vegetarians are more efficient

It takes ___lb of corn to make ___lb of beef

A

4,1

19
Q

Chemical formula for cellular respiration

A

C6H12O6+6O2➡️6CO2+6H2O+ATP

Glucose +oxygen➡️ carbon dioxide+ water+Energy

20
Q

AROBIC energy harvesting of food molecules

A

Cellular respiration

21
Q

Like chloroplast _______ has a double membrane

A

Mitochondria

22
Q

Occurs when there is little to no oxygen available

A

Fermentation

23
Q

These are high energy electron carriers.

A

NADH and FADH

24
Q

Input and output of citric cycle

A 
Input= acidic acid, ADP+P, 3 NAD+, FAD 
Output= 2 CO2, 2 ATP, 3 NADH, FADH2
25
Q

DNA➡️RNA➡️Protein

What does each of these ➡️ mean

A

1st one transcription

2nd one translation

26
Q

Makes a copy of the DNA, is the first in the RNA group, happens inside nucleons

A

MRNA

27
Q

2nd in the RNA group, translates, brings appropriate amino acid to RRNA, happens in the rough ER

A

TRNA

28
Q

A group of three nucleotides like T,A,C

Start_____ and stop ____ tell it when to start and stop transcribing

A

Codon

29
Q

The DNA sequence where RNA start to attach is called the

A

Promoter

30
Q

In bacteria the sequence signaling the end of transcription is the

A

Terminator

31
Q

The stretch of DNA that is transcribed is called a

A

Transcription unit

32
Q 
DNA= A=_, C=_
RNA= A=_, C=_
A 
DNA= T, G
RNA= U,G
33
Q

The organizer slash lock of the RNA, it happens last in the rna group, allows it to bond to mrna

A

rRNA

34
Q

Most abundant enzyme on earth, turns carbons into glucose

A

RuBisco

35
Q

a sequence of three nucleotides in a region of transfer RNA that recognizes a complementary coding triplet of nucleotides in messenger RNA during translation by the ribosomes.

A

Anticodon

36
Q

Polymerase stops transcription at the end in this

A

Bacteria

Biology (5 decks)

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